Electrochemical Oxidation Process of Acrylic Fiber Wastewater and Quality Correlation Index
YI Xian-liang，ZHANG Hong-lin，LI Chang-bo，WU Teng，CHENG Di
2012, 32 (3): 1-5.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 358KB ) ( ) 　　
This research is mainly about the electrochemical oxidation technology for the treatment of waste water from biochemical pool of the acrlic fiber company, using the national standard test method for COD, NH3-N, chroma and chlorion as four indicators for analysis. The results show that chroma, ammonia nitrogen and COD can be effectively removed in the process of electrolysis. Among them, ammonia nitrogen removal rate is up to 100%, while the chroma removal rate is up to 99%,and COD removal rate is up to 89%. After the completion of the reaction, chlorion content also can be reduced to a national level of discharging standard, which indicates that electrochemical catalytic oxidation technology has a rather good application prospect. Through the analysis, we can make a conclusion that chroma and ammonia nitrogen can be completely removed within 10 min and 30 min respectively. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate is a function of electrolytic voltage, and chlorion has response characteristics of the first order reaction, COD removal rate constant and chlorions removal rate constant has a good correlation. This will be instructive for the design of electrochemical oxidation reactor and industrial operation.
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The Solvent Extraction Investigation on Kazakhstan Oil Sand
XU Yao-hui， MA Guo-dong， LI Yun， CAO Zu-bin， LI Dan-dong
2012, 32 (3): 6-8.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 170KB ) ( ) 　　
The researches on Kazakhstan oil-wet oil sand were carried out by the solvent extraction method, from which the best solvent was found out. The influences of oil sand particle, the weight ratio of oil sand, the solvent type, and the extraction time of the oil yield were discussed in the experiment. When naphtha was chose as the solvent with the oil sand size blow 40 mesh, the ratio of solvent and oil sand fixed at about 4∶1, and the reaction time about 10 min at room temperate. The recovery yield of oil from oil sand is above 98%. The experiment is instructive to oil-wet oil sand separation.
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Technology Reform on Oil Shale Retorting With Fushun Retort (Ⅱ)  [WT4”]——Analysis and Reform of Whole Process Technology
SUN Feng
2012, 32 (3): 9-12.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 243KB ) ( ) 　　
Continuing from the preceding article, this article was based on an example of some shale oil finery plant. After the analysis and solving schemes on low oil yield rate with Fushun retort on shale oil production, the Fushun retort unit, heat supply system and oil-gas recovery system were analyzed and researched. The traditional shale oil production technology with Fushun retort was reformed collectively, and a new process technology was performed. The result proves that 80% to 85% of oil yield can be obtained with this new technology. If it is under regular operation and management, the production effect is expected to be better. Besides, the new process can increase productivity and autoimmunization degree. The better environmental protection goal, saving water source and reducing pollutants discharge can be realized. It overcomes the drawback of traditional process by technical innovation and upgrading. The superiority of handling low grade oil shale, rich operation and managerial experience can avoid a series of problems from old industrial enterprises, such as high investment, difficult operation and management through replacing retort unit and technology.
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Preparation and Property on Cyclohexane  Dehydrogenation Activity of Mo2C/CCA
LIU Zhao， MA Jun， WANG Hai-yan,BAI Ying-zhi, LIU Lu
2012, 32 (3): 13-16.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 281KB ) ( ) 　　
The Mo3O/CCA was prepared by impregnation method using the (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O as the molybdenum source, carbon covered γ-Al2O3 (CCA) as support, and n-hexane as the carbon source. After carbonization of Mo3O/CCA obtained Mo2C/CCA. The catalysts prepared at different carbonization temperature were characterized by XRD. The effects of preparation and reaction conditions on dehydrogenation activity of the catalyst were studied in a fixed-bed down-flow reactor. The results show that the conversion of cyclohexane up to 91% was attained under the optimum condition as follows: CCA carbon covered 7.82%, final carbonization temperature 650 ℃, reaction temperature 475 ℃, reaction pressure 0.1 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity 2 h-1 and volume ratio of hydrogen to cyclohexane 200∶1.
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Process Optimization and Characterization of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ Powder by Pechini Method
LA Jing， ZHANG Ying, QI Yang
2012, 32 (3): 17-20.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 398KB ) ( ) 　　
The Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(Bi-2212) superconducting powders were synthesized by Pechini method. The samples were prepared with metal nitrates as starting materials, ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) as chelating agent and ethylene glycol as cross-linking agent. The effect of EDTA amount, ethylene glycol amount, oil bath temperature and time during gel processes on the crystallnity and superconductivity of Bi-2212 powders were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to investigate the phase purity and crystallnity. The resistance measurements were carried out with a conventional four-probe method. The results showed that phase purity is slightly affected by different gel processes. But the crystallnity and electrical conductivity of Bi-2212 phase changes obviously as shown by the XRD patterns and R-T curves. The difference of its critical transition temperature Tc,0 is 7.3 K.
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EG10 Ethanol-Gasoline Blends Hydrotropy
FENG Cai-xia， BAI Jing， ZHAO Lin
2012, 32 (3): 21-24.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 214KB ) ( ) 　　
Ethanol-gasoline is a clean and reproducible fuel with potential of development, the key effects hydrated ethanol- gasoline blends' popularization and application is its stability. Through the test of hydrated ethanol-gasoline'cloud point change, hydrotropy of surfactant and cosolvent were investigated for hydrated ethanol-gasoline blends.The experimental results show that heterogeneous alcohols cosolvent has a better hydrotropy on ethanol- gasoline blends; Multiplex cosolvents is better than a single cosolvent, among whch the combination of isoamyl alcohol and isobutyl alcohol is the best. Emulsifier SP-80 to hydrated ethanol-gasoline has the better hydrotropy than heterogeneous alcohols cosolvent, and with the increased amount of it, the effect is more significant. Emulsifier SP-80 blends with additives isoamyl alcohol has the best effect, with the conditions: when SP-80 volume content is 1.0% and isoamyl alcohol volume content is 1.0%, ethanol and gasoline phase separation temperature dropped to -35.0 ℃.
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Preparation and Diesel Oil Dehydrocracking Activity of  Large Pore Ni2P/γ-A12O3 Catalyst
XUAN Li-wei，WANG Huan,ZHANG Ji-qing，WANG Hai-yan， MENG Xiu-hong
2012, 32 (3): 25-28.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 298KB ) ( ) 　　
Using large pore γ-Al2O3 prepared by acid precipitation, the Ni2P(25%)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared as the support by the impregnation method. The test results of XRD, BET and mercury porosimetry show that the large pore γ-Al2O3 has preferable surface area and pore structure. After in-situ reduction，the effects of preparation conditions and reaction conditions on dehydrocracking activity of the catalyst were studied in a fixed-bed down-flow reactor with the diesel as the material. The results show that desulfurization degree of 98.2% would be attained under the optimum condition as follows: synthesis temperature of 80 ℃, pH of 8，reaction temperature of 360 ℃，reaction pressure of 4.0 MPa，liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h-1 and volume ratio of hydrogen to cyclohexane of 500∶1.
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Preparation and Characterization of Early Strength Accelerator
YANG Bo-yong, ZHANG Jin-sheng, LI Li-hua, WANG Guang-ying
2012, 32 (3): 29-32.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 244KB ) ( ) 　　
AMPS, diethanolamine, and calium nitrate as materials of early-strength accelerator were prepared and characterized. Orthogonal experiment was utilized to optimize optimum content of early-strength accelerator. The samples were characterized with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM. It is shown that when the weight of 5% early agents were introduced, the 1, 3 and 7 d of cement strength improved by 15.2%、14.3%、16.7%, respectively, which is also a further development in the high temperature.
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System Dynamics Analysis of Water Resources Utilization in Urban Ecosystem
WANG Lei， WU Ming， JIA Feng-rui， YAO Yao， MA Yue， LIU Jie
2012, 32 (3): 33-37.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 652KB ) ( ) 　　
A system dynamics model of water resources utilization in urban ecosystem was established. The relationships among water resources utilization, urban economic development, and pollutant emissions, etc in urban ecosystem-were analyzed. Taking Fushun for instance, four water resources utilization patterns in urban ecosystem were designed, and then the trends of water resources utilization in urban ecosystem were forecasted and analyzed during 2011-2020. The results show that the water resources system in urban ecosystem consisted of four subsystems, namely, water resources subsystem, population subsystem, economy subsystems and environment subsystem. The comprehensive development pattern can improve the utilization of water resources in Fushun city among the four, and in that case, the water resources factor, total population, the GDP of secondary industry, COD discharging will reach 1.042 2, 2.16 million, 123.46 billion Yuan, and 31 308 t, respectively.
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Noise Control of Oil Sucking Machine
KONG Xiang-jun, SONG Er-ming, XIAN Yan, WANG Zhi-jun
2012, 32 (3): 38-41.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 415KB ) ( ) 　　
Sound insulation encasing is an effective device for noise reduction. The paper used the electric machine and reductor of oil sucking machine as an example, a controlling approach of installing sound insulation encasing has been found based on a analysis of noise characteristic, at the same time, the effectiveness of sound insulation encasing was analyzed, after establishing finite element models by using SYSNOISE software, and the deficiency of noise reducing effectiveness in local domain is shown. Effectiveness of noise reducing is better and meets the technical requirement, after amendment design, and this provides some reference to solve practical problem.
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Finite Element Analysis of Curtain Steel Structure of  Metro Channel Based on ANSYS Software
HUANG Lei, ZHANG Ju-wei, QU Xiao-xue
2012, 32 (3): 42-45.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 399KB ) ( ) 　　
Fulfilling the strength analysis of glass curtain wall with mullion-supporting at the action of combined loads by the finite element analysis software named ANSYS. By the calculation of glass curtain wall with mullion-supported which be constituted of beam element and shell element, then we could obtain the values of deflection and stress of every structure element correctly. Of course, we can also provide theory foundation for improving mechanical properties of total system. The calculation results show that the maximum values of stress and deflection of steel structure are 105.758 MPa and 14.156 mm corresponding for this project in all kinds of combined loads. It also be in favor of curtain regulation so that realize cutting optimization of design process. As a result of all above, this analysis method save cost of product and create more profits for curtain company.
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Numerical Simulation Characteristics of Water Film Lubricated Transport Technology in Elbow
GUO Xu1，ZHENG Ping，MA Wen-xin， WANG Yu-fu, TONG Le， LI Qian-dong
2012, 32 (3): 46-49.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 496KB ) ( ) 　　
Often involving the problem of the flow in different angle elbow pipe on the process of water film lubricated transport of super heavy oil, the flow fielde is more complex in elbow tube than in straight one due to the effects of bend curvature. There is speed of deflection and pressure distortion in its flow field, which not only causes loss of energy, but also hase an influence on the stability of water film. CFD software was used to do numerical simulation based on the water film though different conditions of 45° elbow and 90° elbow, after analysis to determine 90° elbow should be selected to increase the line height under this condition. The study provide a guidance to the actual operation and can optimize operating parameters by CFD simulation software.
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Numerical Simulation of Mixed Oil Characteristics for Climbing Pipeline of Batch Transportation
GE Lei，GAO Zhi-guo SHEN Long-she， ZHANG Ning， YANG Yun-peng1
2012, 32 (3): 50-53.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 257KB ) ( ) 　　
Due to the complexity of China's long-distance pipeline via regions, parts of the pipeline assume the big gap transportation inevitably. And dip angles and batch transportation both make great influence on mixed oil characteristics. Aiming at the issue, based on VOF multiphase flow model three-dimensional straight tube is the research subject to simulate numerically the dip angles and the batch transportation's influence on mixed oil characteristics respectively. The results show that the mixed oil concentration decreases gradually with the increase of the dip angle under the conditions of light oil first and heavy one trailing, and when the heavy oil is first and the light one is trailing, the concentration of mixed oil increases gradually as the angles increased. And in the case of heavy oil first, the characteristics of mixed oil is impacted greater by the angle.
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Failure Analysis on Corrosion Failure of Heat Exchanger and Proposal
LI Jun-jun, LIU Feng
2012, 32 (3): 54-57.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 356KB ) ( ) 　　
Failure of heat exchanger at a wash of circulating water factory was analyzed by optical microscope, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical test analysis method. The results show that chemical composition of heat exchanger didn’t meet the standard of 20# steel. Due to the surface of the vascular bundles scaling there is a serious corrosion. inside surface of tubes exist iron oxide layer which led to the under-deposition corrosion because different concentration of oxygen inside and outside deposition form corrosion battery. Therefore, under-deposit corrosion is the main the main cause of tubes perforation.
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Numerical Simulation of Air and Gas Inlet Position to Temperature and Velocity Field Influence in Top Combustion Stove
　YANG Li-na，LIU Duo，MA Gui-yang，JIA Feng-rui，BAI Yun-tao，WANG Wei-qiang
2012, 32 (3): 58-62.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 609KB ) ( ) 　　
A mathematical model was established, which is a three-dimensional and steady-state heat transfer and flow process mathematical model in top combustion stove. Then the temperature field and velocity field were obtained according to the model. Based on these, the temperature and velocity fields were discussed under the conditions of various air and gas inlet position. The results show that when the gas entrance in single-channel mode, the liquid's temperature and velocity distribution was uneven extremely and tilted toward the furnace wall of gas entrance side in the hot blast stove. On the other hand, when the air and gas entrance in interval mode, the liquid's temperature and velocity distribution is uniform, and this mode is beneficial to the top combustion stove to work steadily.
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Daqing and Russia Crude Oil Batch Transportation Optimization
SONG Shi-xiang,WU Ming,XIE Fei,SUN Xian-hang,JIE Wen-dong，XIE Hong-yu
2012, 32 (3): 63-65.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 333KB ) ( ) 　　
As the Daqing crude oil's higher viscosity impacts the quantity of mixed oil, during the process of crude oil batch transportation between the Daqing and Russia, the control equation of mixed oil was established based on the sequence mixed oil conveying mechanism. Using the finite volume method computes batch transportation of different flow velocity through CFD software. And the reason that the lower viscosity of the Daqing oil, the lower quantity of mixed oil under different flow patterns was analyzed. And the feasible suggestion was that was adding adequate amount of viscosity breaker chemical or moderate diesel oil into the Daqing crude oil nearby the interface in order to decrease the quality of mixed oil in the process of transportation.
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Analysis of the Leak Explosion Risk of Natural Gas Pipeline
ZHANG Guo-jun， GAO Zhi-guo， SHEN Long-she， WANG Qiu-sha
2012, 32 (3): 66-69.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 209KB ) ( ) 　　
Aiming at leak explosion of the natural gas pipeline, blast shock wave overpressure model was used, combining with TNT equivalent method to calculate the overpressure. Then the range of explosion damage was determine, and the main factors that affect the overpressure were found. Therefore the measures to reduce the overpressure were put forward, which provides the basis for the natural gas pipeline operation safe and emergency.
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Measurement of Solid Phase Velocity Based on the  Electrostatic Sensor Spatial Filtering Method
WANG Xiao-lei,KAN Zhe, WANG Long-ye, LIAO Dai-gen
2012, 32 (3): 70-73.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 277KB ) ( ) 　　
To point charge, the expression of the induced charge on the electrostatic sensor was calculated. When the point charge moved in the measurement zone, the spatial filtering velocity measuring method was obtained with the amplitude-frequency response of the probe and gate function seemed, and then, in the entire frequency range of speed measurement principle was all effective. The measurement speed expression of spatial filtering method was established with the characteristic frequency of signal spectrum analysis and this method can be used for measuring the flow velocity of the gas-solid two phase flow. The spectral characteristics were obtained with using the transition matrix of the spectral density and analyzing their spectrum segment features of the electrostatic sensor output voltage signal, and then the velocity measurement was completed by finding the characteristic frequency. The flow velocity measurement method was verified by experiment, and the scale factor and the correction factor was calibrated through experiment.
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Digital PID Controller Based on FPGA
XU Zhong-ren， JIANG Li， MU Ke， ZHU Wen-wei
2012, 32 (3): 74-79.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 289KB ) ( ) 　　
The conventional method of achieving PID by FPGA consumes a lot of multiplier, adder and memory. FPGA hardware resources can not be reasonably used, and system holds high energy consumption. Research on using direct DA ( DA-Ⅰ) and improved DA ( DA-Ⅱ) algorithm by FPGA to realize the digital PID controller. Compared with the conventional method, DA-Ⅰ algorithm saves many hardware resources；because of using adder, LUT unit and time delay module etc, DA-Ⅱ algorithm can reduce the unit modules further and reduce energy consumption by the application of two stage pipeline technology. Through the comparison of PID controller by the DA-Ⅰ and DA-Ⅱ algorithm, discussed the improved PID controller performance about the hardware resource, processing speed, complexity and energy consumption etc.
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A Model Reference Iterative Learning Control  Algorithm for Nonlinear Systems
WANG Yi， ZHAI Chun-yan， LI Shu-chen
2012, 32 (3): 80-84.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 312KB ) ( ) 　　
An algorithm of model reference iterative learning control (MR-ILC) was proposed for nonlinear systems with periodic and non-periodic uncertain disturbances. The objective is to make the state variables of a controlled system can be steered to follow the state variables of a reference model that does not necessarily have the same structure as the controlled system on condition that the controlled system is satisfied with assumptions and adopted with matching learning rate. The λ-norm was adopted as the topological measure in proof of the convergence of the system. The effectiveness of proposed scheme was illustrated by simulation results.
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A Virtual Wandering System Based on Google Earth
GUO Xiao-ming
2012, 32 (3): 85-87. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2012.02.021
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4683KB ) ( ) 　　
 
A 3D virtual wandering system which can simulate the landscape based on Google Earth was developed. With the system, users can not only realize the designed landscape, but also can wander in the virtual landscape. The system can generate KML(Keyhole Markup Language) file which can be visualized on Google Earth. By using billboard technique, it can express the trees with small data. With the system, it realized models of a real garden and organized some users to test the walk-through simulation. The results and the feedback of the users show that the system has the good performance and the potential of our system.
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AnalyticalSolutionofBoundaryValueProblemsforaClassof SecondOrderNonlinearOrdinaryDifferentialEqations
2012, 32 (3): 88-90.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 139KB ) ( ) 　　
Ascalculatingthedoublelayerinteraction betweencolloidalparticles,itisnecessarytocalculatepotential distributionbetweencolloidalparticles.Then potentialdistribution betweentwocolloidalparticles meetthe Poisson- Boltzmannequationd2y/dt2=sinhy.Duetoitsnonlinearnature,noanalyticalsolutionoftheequationhasbeenfound,however wheny≫1,sinhy ≈ey/2,theapproximatesolutionofPoisson-Boltzmannequationistransformedintosolvinganalytical solutionofd2y/dt2 =ey/2.Hence,findinganalyticalsolutionofnonlinearordinarydifferentialequationistheneedof engineering.Thereforethroughresearchingboundaryvalueproblemofsecondordernonlinearordinarydifferentialequation, analyticalsolutionofaclassofsecondordernonlinearordinarydifferentialequationd2y/dt2 =ey/a wasobtainedunderthe conditionsofequalboundaryvalue.
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Analysis in Quality Evaluation of Innovative Talent in Petrochemical Industry Based on AHP
WANG Shu-yan
2012, 32 (3): 91-94.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 243KB ) ( ) 　　
How to measure the innovative talent has become the primary problem of solving petrochemical company’s competition for original innovation superior. To solve this problem, AHP was used to build a quality evaluation system about innovative talents for petrochemical companies in the article, along with the use of questionnaire and the Delphi method. The article indicates that the expertise, curiosity and endurance and perseverance, innovative approaches and practical ability are the most important quality indicators of the innovative talents in the petrochemical companies.
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