Synthesis of Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride Catalyzed by  Carbon Based Naphthalenesulfonic Acid
GAO Wen-yi, MIAO Zhuang, REN Li-guo, ZHANG Xiao-li, ZHENG Cui-ping
2012, 32 (2): 1-4.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 241KB ) ( ) 　　
Carbon based naphthalenesulfonic acid was used as a catalyst in the synthesis of alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) from nonterminal olefin of C13~C14 and maleic anhydride. The catalytic activity and stability of the catalyst were evaluated quantitatively by gas chromatography. The results show that carbon based naphthalenesulfonic acid catalyst has high activity and good stability in the synthesis of ASA. When the activation temperature of catalyst is 250 ℃, the optimum conditions are as follows: reaction temperature 190 ℃, reaction time 4 h, weight ratio of catalyst to reactant 1∶100, molar ratio of nonterminal olefin to anhydride is 3∶1, and the weight percentage of antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.5%. Under the above conditions, the yield of ASA can reach 59.6%.
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The Synthesis and Properties of LaF3 Coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Prepared by Coprecipitation Method
YANG Zhan-xu, SONG Zhi-lin, QIAO Qing-dong, REN Tie-qiang, SUN Yue, LI Qi
2012, 32 (2): 5-7.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 263KB ) ( ) 　　
LaF3 coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material was prepared by coprecipitation method. The synthesized material was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. The XRD data of the product show that they are single phases and retain the layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 structure. The synthesized the photocatalytic activity of 0.59% LaF3 coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 exhibits a good overcharge tolerance property with initial discharge specific capacity of 172.7 mAh/g and the discharge specific capacity of 163.5 mAh/g after 50 cycles in the voltage range 2.75~4.50 V at a constant current density of 0.3 mA/cm2.
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Determination the Trace Elements in Wild Pine Tea by MPT-AES
ZHAO Wen-tao, ZHANG Jin-sheng, LI Li-hua, YU Yong-qing, LIN Jing
2012, 32 (2): 8-11.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 178KB ) ( ) 　　
The method for the determination of copper, zinc, manganese, iron, magnesium, calcium in wild pine tea by microwave plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometry (MPT-AES) was developed. The effect of nitric acid concentration in the sample solution and co-ionized elements on the emission intensity of copper, zinc, manganese, iron, magnesium and calcium was investigated in detail. The experimental conditions were optimized and showed that the detection limits of metal Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg and Ca are 3.6, 7.7, 6.1, 14.1, 0.5 and 0.9 ng/mL, respectively, and the RSD of the method is between 1.05%～6.46%, the recoveries are 97.25%～103.37%. This demonstrated that the proposed method is simple, accuracy and efficient, providing a well-established analytical method．
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Removal of Basic Nitrogen Compounds FromOil by Adsorption With RE/Y Zeolite
ZHU Jin-zhu， FENG Rui-jiang, SHEN Jian
2012, 32 (2): 12-15.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1764KB ) ( ) 　　
The removal of basic nitrogen compounds from model oil (consisting of quinoline and dodecane as solvent) over Rare-earth-metal-based Y molecular sieve as adsorbent in batch-wise reactor. The optimum adsorption temperature was tested and thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption were investigated. The results showed that the optimum adsorption temperature was 393K，the nitrogen removal can reach 55.8%, and statically saturated adsorption capacity was 23.56 mg/g. The adsorption process over RE/Y zeolite was agreed well with the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order rate model, and was an endothermic chemisorption which run spontaneously, the activation energy was 11.49 kJ/mol.
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Process Optimization for Refining Used Industrial Lubricating Oil by Solvent Method
WU Tong，GUO Da-guang,LIU Yang
2012, 32 (2): 16-19.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 197KB ) ( ) 　　
Two methods including furfural refining and dual-solvent (2-Propanol and furfural) refining were investigated respectively in recycling the used industrial lubricating oil. The results show that the performance of dual-solvent refining is better than furfural refining. The optimum process condition is as follows: refining temperature 75 ℃, volume ratio of solvent 2-Propanol to furfural 1∶1, volume ratio of solvent to oil ratio 1.5∶1. Under these optimum conditions, the physical properties[KG*2]of[KG*2]recycled[KG*2]oil is[KG*2]listed[KG*2]as[KG*2]follows:[KG*2]viscosity[KG*2]index[KG*2]119.5,[KG*2]refractive[KG*3]index[KG*3]1.476[KG*3]6,[KG*3]Color[KG*3]1.0,[KG*3]freezing[KG*3]point -15.8 ℃, flash point 218.4 ℃ , sulfur content 0.026%, the total oil yield 72.5%.
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Performance of Thickening Agent on Water-Base Fracturing Fluid
ZHANG Jin-sheng, YU Wei-kun, LI Li-hua, WANG Guang-ying
2012, 32 (2): 20-23.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 222KB ) ( ) 　　
The thickening agent of graft copolymer was synthesized by carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and acrylamide (AM) under the condition of initiator. The optimum synthesis conditions were investigated by orthogonal experiment design. The structure of the product which was obtained under the best reaction conditions was characterized by FT-IR, and the salt sensitivity and temperature stability, shear stability and anti-ageing of the graft copolymer solution in different slurry were measured by rotational viscometer. The results show that the viscosity can reach 280 mPa·s under the reaction conditions as follows: the reaction temperature 60 ℃, the reaction time 7 h, the mass ratio of CMS to AM 1∶6 and the initiator addition amount 0.9%. The CMS-AM graft copolymer in different slurry shows excellent the salt sensitivity and temperature stability, shear stability and anti-ageing, which can satisfy the needs of oil field fracturing fluid for thickening agent.
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Technology Reform on Oil Shale Retorting With a Fushun Retort (Ⅰ) [WT4”]——Reason Analysis & Solving Schemes on Low Oil Yield Rate
Sun Feng
2012, 32 (2): 24-26.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 144KB ) ( ) 　　
In new period of energy shortage, as an abnormal oil and gas resource, oil shale has great potential and advantages in supplying normal energy. To face industrialization production demand, technology reform on traditional oil shale production with Fushun retort is already turning into an important task to old enterprises because oil yield rate, work capacity, automatic degree and environment management of the old technology is lower. A shale oil refinery plant as an example, Fushun retort, a crucial unit in the traditional technology was analyzed from several points which are feeding materials, materials dropping and burning process in retort, and the retail solving schemes were offered. All these provide the theory for whole technology reform and have a significance, which can create notable economic and environmental benefit.
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Determination of the Bromate in Water Based on 1,10-Phenanthroline Fade—Subtracted the Amount of Fe2+— Spectrophotometry
LI Xiu-ping， ZHAO Rong-xiang， LI Dan-dong
2012, 32 (2): 27-31.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 257KB ) ( ) 　　
The weight percentage of Fe2+ can be determined with 1,10-phenanthroline as chromogenic agent, and Fe2+ would be oxidized by bromate to Fe3+ and then 1,10-phenanthroline faded. Therefore, the content of bromate in water can be indirectly determined according to the stoichiometry amount of Fe2+. The linear range, detection limit, recovery, chromogenic conditions were studied and found that the recovery is 92.5%～108.7%, detection limit is 15～36 ng/L, the precision is less than 0.312.
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The Application of Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry to Measure the Trace Mount of Cadmium in Rice
WAN Su-juan， LUAN Jing-he， CHEN Ping， YAN Song
2012, 32 (2): 32-34.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 157KB ) ( ) 　　
Rice were grounded into rice powder by muller and soaked in mixed acid solution (concentrated nitric acid:concentrated sulphuric acid=3∶2) for 12 hours. Then, the mixture was heated slowly in a hood, and mixed acid solution and aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution were added for the digestion. In order to test the trace amount cadmium in rice with square wave stripping voltammetry method, a three-electrode system are used with the silver-based mercury film electrode as working electrode, platinum electrode as counter electrode, and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode. The results show that a good linear relationship can be obtained in pH=3.0 NH4Cl（0.2 mol/L）substrate solution, within the concentration of cadmium 0.01~ 0.12 μg/mL; the regression equation was Ip=497.59c+15.324 with the correlation coefficient of 0.994 1, the detection limit of 4.607 4×10-3 μg/mL, the relative standard deviation of 4.12%~5.56%, and the recovery rate of 90.26%~98.16%.
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Metnanol Gasoline’s Anti-Separate Property
WU Jian-zhen，WANG Yong-gang， YAN Feng
2012, 32 (2): 35-37.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 146KB ) ( ) 　　
The paper studied several different volume fraction methanol gasoline’s low temperature anti-separate property and water anti-separate property and identified three different phase separation inhibitor. By changing the addition amount of phase separation inhibitor,the paper studied the methanol gasoline’s low temperature anti-separate property and water anti-separate property again,and compared the results with the raw methanol gasoline, found its optimum adding amount at the stable and uniform situation. So that it can meet the actual production requirements.The results show that the optimum adding amount is 4%(Volume).
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Synthesis and Evaluation of AS Fluid Loss Additive for Cement Slurry
WANG Guang-ying， ZHANG Jin-sheng， LI Li-hua， YANG Bo-yong
2012, 32 (2): 38-42.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 206KB ) ( ) 　　
The AS fluid loss additive was formulated with sodium lignosulfonate and the copolymers obtained by radical polymerization with AMPS and AM as raw material. Orthogonal tests were designed for optimizing the synthetic process of the fluid loss additive AS, and the performance of this fluid loss additive was systematically evaluated. API filtration in saturated salt solution at 150 ℃ is 96 mL; API filtration can be controlled within 50 mL when adding AS between 3% and 8% (weight percentage) at 120 ℃; Meanwhile AS has good compatibility with other additives. Sodium bicarbonate was used to adjust the PH and discharge oxygen of device used in the synthesis process. No nitrogen was needed as protective gas, which simplified the synthesis process. The sodium lignosulfonate derives from the wastewater of paper mill, so it not only reduces the cost but also protects the environment.
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New Imidazoline Corrosion Inhibitors on Steel 20
CHANG Yan-bing， WANG Wei-min
2012, 32 (2): 43-46.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 258KB ) ( ) 　　
Oleic acid imidazoline HS11 is synthesized from oleic acid and diethylene triamine. Inhibitor’s performance is evaluated by weight-loss method and the effect after matching with commonly used inhibitors JCCR1138 and Gaowen is also researched. The corrosion mechanism of the water cooler system in viscosity breaking unit is analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction.The results indicate that main corrosion form is not only the oxidation corrosion, but also HCl-H2S-H2O in low temperature, and the sulfur corrosion in the latter plays a main role. HS11 has the best inhibitive effect with 200 μg/g, and the inhibitive rate is up to 74.31% . HS11 mixed with inhibitor Gaowen is better than with inhibitor JCCR1138, and the inhibitive efficiency of it comes to 89.84% when the add level is 200 μg/g respectively. 
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Analysis of the Best Time for Unloading Clean Oil Tank Truck
WANG Ya-xin，FAN Kai-feng，WANG Wei-qiang MA Yue，SONG Shi-xiang KE Bai-jun
2012, 32 (2): 47-49.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 295KB ) ( ) 　　
In the process of transportation for clean oil, tank truck transportation account for a large portion, but air-resister occurs easily in the process of unloading, this will lead to some clean oil left in the tank. Through drawing the geometrical model of the tank truck, set up the temperature field mathematical model and boundary conditions, and made use of CFD software to solve the problem, the spread of temperature field was acquired. Combining the conditions that lead to air-resister, the best time for unloading clean oil was received. The field practice indicates that the time interval for unloading can conduct actual production exercises and improve work efficiency.
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Simulation on the Spread Range of Oil Pipeline Leakage Soil
MA Yue， WANG Yue， SONG Shi-xiang， ZHANG Guo-jun
2012, 32 (2): 50-53.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 264KB ) ( ) 　　
A 3D CFD model was established. The oil diffusion of lower leakage of the pipe in the soil porosity of 0.45 and 0.47 was simulated and analyzed. The results show that the oil spread to the surrounding area to expand in a way of oval in compact soil. The area, width and depth of spread increase largely in the initial of the leakage. After diffusion several minutes, they are increasing stably over time and the volume of diffusion is in smaller growth rate as the time changed. The oil spread downward expansion over narrow width of the diffusion region in loose soil. Spread width and area growth trends are slow down after. The depth of spread increased larger than former soil and the volume of diffusion were in larger growth rate as the time changed.
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Calibration and Error Analysis of Cone Flowmeter
ZHANG Chun-jing， SHEN Long-she， YAN Yong-fei， 
2012, 32 (2): 54-57.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 201KB ) ( ) 　　
hrough in-depth study of factors affecting the accuracy of the flowmeter calibration, such as counting and timing accuracy, the stability of the flow, the standard tank volume measurement methods, the switching speed of the commutator, temperature, and so on, to improve the calibration accuracy, and ensure the results of calibration accuracy. Use this high-precision calibration system, to calibrate the cone flowmeter, and scientific processing of the calibration of the flow coefficient, analysis error accuracy of the calibration results, and ensure the reliability of the calibration data. Flowmeter measurement error less than 3 ‰ can be achieved by field flow measurement requirements. 
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The Synchronizations on Mast Hoisting Mechanism and  Traction Hoisting Mechanism in Crawler Crane
CHEN Yu, DENG Zi-long, LI Shu-min
2012, 32 (2): 58-61.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 233KB ) ( ) 　　
The mast hoisting mechanism is one of the important parts of actuating unit when the mast is hoisting. To synchronies the speed of mast hydro-cylinder and rope speed the functional relation model of cylinder trust, piston speed and rope speed is built. Considering the parameters of crawler crane with MATLAB the functional model was simulated. The result shows that this control algorithm can ensure the synchronization of two mechanisms. The innovation method of mechanism synchronization was suggested in this passage and it is valuable in engineering application.
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Program Installed and Processed Automatically Based on  VisualLISP Secondary Development
LAN Xiao-min
2012, 32 (2): 62-66.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 252KB ) ( ) 　　
The program of secondary development are installed and processed automatically based on VisualLISP make use of the third software Inno Setup was introduced. The structure of AutoCAD registry was analyzed. The system variables were ascertained in registry. It analyzed Inno Setup script and customized the program script by VisualLISP in AutoCAD. It Provided a method for user to development installation procedure with VisualLISP.
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Calculation of Pipe Failure Probability Based on Monte Carlo Method
WANG Qiao, XIE Yu-jun， GONG Xue
2012, 32 (2): 67-69.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 188KB ) ( ) 　　
The reliability of pressure pipeline containing defects in engineering is very important. The pipeline of the oil industry may contain types of potential defects. It should be considered the defected size, the uncertainty of the loaded parameters, so introduced the Monte Carlo method to use random sampling for these uncertain parameters. Monte Carlo method is based on the probability and statistic theory method, it can realistically describe the characteristics of the random things, and overcome the disadvantage of the deterministic failure analysis method, more accurate calculate the failure probability of the pipeline, it provides a technical means for diagnosing system security of petrochemical enterprise.
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Visual Simulation System of Tunnel Based on OpenGL
HAI Jun， WANG Mao-ting， DUO Yi-li
2012, 32 (2): 70-73.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 203KB ) ( ) 　　
It used VC++ and OpenGL as the main development tools for studying roadway, ventilation structures and mine ventilation power plant. Delaunay was used for roadway modeling researching, and roadway interchange ofmodeling and algorithm are also researched in this paper，meanwhile first proposed that texture image is used for researching ventilation structures and mine ventilation power plant.
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he Solid Phase Velocity of Gas-Solid Two Phase Flow  Measured With Spatial Filter Principle
KAN Zhe, SHAO Fu-qun， LI Qing-hua
2012, 32 (2): 74-77.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 263KB ) ( ) 　　
The spatial filter measurement principle of flow velocity was obtained by point charge mathematical model of the electrostatic sensor inserted, and signal cut-off frequency was acquired with “3dB” principle during real-time measuring flow velocity. Experiments prove that the spatial filter measurement velocity principle of inducement probe is feasible, and a set of experiment equipment was made-up to measure the solid phase velocity of gas-solid two phase flow, with which the spatial filter velocity may be measured in range of 25 m/s. The measured spatial filter velocity was calibrated by the correlation velocity of ring electrostatic sensor. It may be obtained from the measurement results that the deduced velocity measurement model of spatial filter method may complete measuring solid phase velocity in wider range.
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A Pull-Way Production Control Method With  Restriction of Plan for Lean Shipbuilding
ZONG Ming-di, SUN Hou-fang
2012, 32 (2): 78-83.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 277KB ) ( ) 　　
The issues of utilizing the traditional “pull-way” production control method for shipbuilding were investigated. Considering the project management character at shipbuilding, a pull-way production control method with restriction of project plan was raised. This method assumes the production capacity of the enterprise can be self-adjusted based on the progress. A “mandatory production command” controlling principle was introduced into the KANBAN control process, which can balance the WIP control and the project progress control target. The result of a computer simulation program was introduced at the end of the paper, which compared the result of the suggested control method with that of KANBAN control method and push production control method. 
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Multi-Stage Production Inventory Problem in Petrochemical Industry
HENG Xiao-ni， LIU Guo-li， LI Da-wei
2012, 32 (2): 84-87.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 180KB ) ( ) 　　
Production planning and inventory management as an important component of production management, play an important role in production and operation of enterprises. Based on the oil demand forecast and taking the economic benefits of enterprise-scale into account, multi-stage production inventory optimization model which is based on the changes of processing costs is established to minimize the production costs. The model demonstrate not only the impact of unit processing cost on the production plan, but also consider the finished goods inventory optimization, therefore, meet the business requirements of minimizing inventory costs. The adaptive weight particle swarm algorithm and simulated annealing-based particle swarm algorithm are used to solve the model, The experimental results show that simulated annealing based on the performance of PSO is better than the adaptive weight of the particle swarm algorithm, which can jump out of the local optimum and converge to the global optimum faster.
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Local Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Two-Dimensional Heat Equation
ZHANG Rong-pei, WANG Rong-rong
2012, 32 (2): 88-90.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 270KB ) ( ) 　　
The local discontinuous Galerkin method for the two-dimensional equation was introduced. By introducing the auxiliary variable, the second derivative heat conduction equation equations were rewritten into first-order partial differential equations, then the discontinuous Galerkin method was applied to the system. Finally the method yields ordinary differential equations systems. The explicit method was used for the time discretization. The numerical experiments were presented to verify the accuracy of the method. 
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Pulsed Magnetic Treatment to Produce Nanometer Amorphous Alloy Crystallization Phase Properties of Magnetostriction Coefficient
CUI Yu-guang
2012, 32 (2): 91-94.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 175KB ) ( ) 　　
The low frequency pulse magnetic field leads the amorphous thin strip Fe78Si9B13 to produce nano crystallization, precipitating α-Fe (Si) nano phase, and then forming α-Fe (Si) nanocrystalline and residual amorphous dual phase nanocrystalline alloy. Mossbauer spectral analysis, with the strength of the pulse magnetic field, crystallization phase volume fraction of dual phrase nano crystalline alloy increases. The magnetostrictive coefficient λcs CS of nano crystalline phase of α-Fe ( Si ) is negative, with range from- 1.287×10-4 to - 1.345×10-4.Controlling crystallization phase volume ratio can minimize the effective magnetostrictive coefficient λes of dual phase nanocrystalline alloy, benefiting the improvement of dual phase nanocrystalline alloy soft magnetic properties.
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