石油化工高等学校学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 1-9.DOI: 10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2025.03.001

• 进展与述评 •    下一篇

钠离子电池硬碳负极材料的研究进展:从材料设计到电化学性能优化

刘畅1(), 王彦淇1, 周佰洵1, 卓文祺2, 王振波3()   

  1. 1.电子科技大学(深圳) 高等研究院,广东 深圳 518110
    2.深圳大学 大湾区国际创新学院,广东 深圳 518061
    3.哈尔滨工业大学 化工与化学学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150006
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-29 修回日期:2024-12-06 出版日期:2025-06-26 发布日期:2025-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 王振波
  • 作者简介:刘畅(1992⁃),男,博士,副研究员,从事锂、钠、钾离子电池负极材料等方面的研究;E⁃mail:1793917986@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金项目(2024M754198);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZC20233448);黑龙江省博士后面上资助项目(LBH?Z23137);抚州市“揭榜挂帅”重大项目(2023JCA06)

Research Progress on Hard Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium⁃Ion Batteries: From Material Design to Electrochemical Performance Optimization

Chang LIU1(), Yanqi WANG1, Baixun ZHOU1, Wenqi ZHUO2, Zhenbo WANG3()   

  1. 1.Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Shenzhen Guangdong 518110,China
    2.Greater Bay Area International Innovation Institute,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518061,China
    3.School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150006,China
  • Received:2024-09-29 Revised:2024-12-06 Published:2025-06-26 Online:2025-07-02
  • Contact: Zhenbo WANG

摘要:

随着能源存储需求的日益增长,钠离子电池(SIBs)因其低成本和丰富的钠资源而受到广泛关注,尤其是作为负极材料的硬碳,因其优异的循环稳定性和较高的能量密度而成为研究热点。综述了硬碳负极材料在SIBs中的研究进展,包括硬碳前驱体的筛选与设计、表面修饰、孔道结构调节、碳化诱导和杂原子掺杂策略,以及其他提升硬碳性能的策略;通过深入分析硬碳的孔结构、表面官能团和微观结构对储钠机制的影响,探讨了不同制备工艺对硬碳性能的优化潜力;讨论了硬碳与电解液的界面反应机制,通过界面工程优化硬碳循环性能和倍率性能的可能路径;展望了硬碳技术的未来发展,包括纳米结构设计、表面改性和绿色制备工艺,强调了实现高性能、低成本和环境友好型SIBs的迫切需求。

关键词: 钠离子电池, 硬碳负极, 电化学性能, 材料制备, 界面工程

Abstract:

As the demand for energy storage escalates, sodium?ion batteries (SIBs) are increasingly in the spotlight due to their low cost and the plentiful availability of sodium resources. Particularly, hard carbon anode materials have emerged as a focal point of research, attributed to their superior cyclic stability and elevated energy density. This review delves into the advancements in hard carbon anode materials for SIBs, encompassing the screening and design of HCs precursors, surface modifications, pore structure adjustments, carbonization induction, heteroatom doping strategies, and additional tactics to augment the performance of HCs. By thoroughly examining the influence of HCs's pore structure, surface functional groups, and microstructure on the sodium storage mechanism, the review explores the potential for optimizing HCs performance through various fabrication processes. Furthermore, the article addresses the interfacial reaction mechanisms between HCs and electrolytes, along with possible avenues for enhancing HCs's cycling and rate capabilities through interface engineering. Ultimately, the review anticipates the future trajectory of HCs technology, including the design of nanostructures, surface modifications, and green manufacturing processes, underscoring the pressing need for the development of high?performance, cost?effective, and environmentally benign SIBs.

Key words: Sodium?ion batteries, Hard carbon anode, Electrochemical performance, Material preparation, Interface engineering

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引用本文

刘畅, 王彦淇, 周佰洵, 卓文祺, 王振波. 钠离子电池硬碳负极材料的研究进展:从材料设计到电化学性能优化[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2025, 38(3): 1-9.

Chang LIU, Yanqi WANG, Baixun ZHOU, Wenqi ZHUO, Zhenbo WANG. Research Progress on Hard Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium⁃Ion Batteries: From Material Design to Electrochemical Performance Optimization[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2025, 38(3): 1-9.

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