钠离子电池层状正极材料相变与电荷补偿机制

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2024.06.002

石油化工高等学校学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 13-24.DOI: 10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2024.06.002

钠离子电池层状正极材料相变与电荷补偿机制

魏婷婷¹^,²(), 王振宏³, 伊廷锋²()

^1.西北有色金属研究院镁锂材料研究所，陕西西安 710016
^2.东北大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁沈阳 110819
^3.中核集团中国核电工程有限公司郑州分公司，河南郑州 450000

收稿日期:2024-08-06 修回日期:2024-09-19 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-24
通讯作者: 伊廷锋
作者简介:魏婷婷（1996-），女，博士，工程师，从事钠离子电池方面的研究；E-mail：tingtwei@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52374301);河北省自然科学基金项目(1508085MB25);石家庄市驻冀高校基础研究优秀青年项目(241790667A);中央高校基本业务费重大成果培育项目(N2423054)

Phase Transition Mechanism and Charge Compensation Mechanism of Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

Tingting WEI¹^,²(), Zhenhong WANG³, Tingfeng YI²()

^1.Institute of Magnesium and Lithium Materials，Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research，Xi'an Shannxi 710016，China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Northeastern University，Shenyang Liaoning 110819，China
^3.Zhengzhou Branch，CNNC China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. ，Ltd. ，Zhengzhou Henan 450000，China

Received:2024-08-06 Revised:2024-09-19 Published:2024-12-25 Online:2024-12-24
Contact: Tingfeng YI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

金属钠具有资源丰富、成本低廉、分布均匀等优势，因此钠离子电池被认为是最有潜力的大规模储能系统之一。在钠离子电池中，正极材料是影响电池电化学性能及生产成本的关键因素。层状过渡金属氧化物因其能量密度大、合成方法简单及环境友好等优点而备受关注。从组成结构、相变演化机制、电荷补偿机制及改性策略等方面对层状正极材料的研究现状进行全面总结评述，主要揭示了制约层状正极材料电化学性能提升的关键因素，分析了抑制相变过程的有效手段及提升阴离子氧化还原反应可逆性的合理性，并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 钠离子电池, 过渡金属氧化物, 正极材料, 相变机制, 电荷补偿机制

Abstract:

Sodium metal has the advantages of abundant sources,low cost and uniform distribution,so sodium-ion batteries are considered to be one of the most promising large-scale energy storage systems.The cathode material in sodium-ion batteriesis a critical factor affecting both the electrochemical performance and production cost of the battery.Layered transition metal oxides have attracted significant attention because of their high energy density,simple synthesis method and environmental friendliness. This paper provides a comprehensive summary and review of the research on layered cathode materials from the perspective of their composition structure,phase transition mechanism,charge compensation mechanism,and modification strategies,which reveal the key factors limiting the improvement of the electrochemical performance of layered cathode materials,analyzing the effective means to inhibit phase transition process and the rational design to enhance the reversibility of anion redox reaction.Furthermore, this paper offers an outlook on future development trend.

Key words: Sodium ion battery, Transition metal oxides, Cathode material, Phase transition mechanism, Charge compensation mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ325

魏婷婷, 王振宏, 伊廷锋. 钠离子电池层状正极材料相变与电荷补偿机制[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2024, 37(6): 13-24.

Tingting WEI, Zhenhong WANG, Tingfeng YI. Phase Transition Mechanism and Charge Compensation Mechanism of Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2024, 37(6): 13-24.

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链接本文: https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2024.06.002

https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/Y2024/V37/I6/13

图/表 6

图1 层状氧化物的晶体结构及钠离子扩散路径示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the crystal structure and sodium ion diffusion path of layered oxides

图2 P2型化合物Na2/3[Ni1/6Mn1/2Fe1/3]O2发生相变时的原子移动方式

Fig.2 Specific atomic movement mode during phasetransition of P2 type compounds of Na2/3[Ni1/6Mn1/2Fe1/3]O2

图3 Na1-x Ni0.5Mn0.5O2正极材料的非原位XRD图谱及循环过程中的电压曲线和结构变化[22]

Fig.3 Ex-situ XRD pattern of Na1-x Ni0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material and the voltage curve and structural changes duringthe cycle[22]

图4 O3相正极材料的原位XRD图谱及结构转变过程

Fig.4 In-situ XRD pattern and structural transformation process of O3 phase cathode material

图5 正极材料的充放电曲线及电荷密度图

Fig.5 Charge and discharge curve and charge density diagram of cathode material

图6 典型层状正极材料的表征结果

Fig.6 Characterization results of typical layered cathode materials

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钠离子电池层状正极材料相变与电荷补偿机制

Phase Transition Mechanism and Charge Compensation Mechanism of Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

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