非均相臭氧催化剂及其在工业废水处理中的应用与进展

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2024.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着工业化进程的加速，大量难降解有机物进入到废水中，给传统水处理技术带来了新的挑战。非均相催化臭氧氧化作为一种高级氧化过程（AOPs），因其高效性和环境友好性，在水处理领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。非均相催化剂通过提供表面羟基、路易斯酸位点、氧化还原循环和结构缺陷等活性位点，能有效促进臭氧的分解和活性氧物种（ROS）的生成，从而提高有机物的降解效率；金属基催化剂（过渡金属氧化物和金属负载型等）和非金属催化剂（活性炭、碳纳米管和氮化碳等）在提高臭氧氧化效率方面效果显著。综述了非均相催化臭氧氧化技术在工业废水处理中的应用，包括其作用机理、催化活性位点、典型催化剂，以及该技术在实际废水处理中的应用；对非均相催化臭氧氧化技术的研究方向提出了展望，并提出了建立统一的催化剂评价标准和提高催化剂稳定性的重要性，以促进高效非均相臭氧催化剂的开发和实际应用。

关键词: 非均相, 催化臭氧氧化, 催化剂, 活性位点

Abstract:

With the acceleration of industrialization,a large amount of refractory organic contaminants were discharged into water, bringing new challenges to the traditional water treatment technologies.As an advanced oxidation process (AOPs),the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation shows great potential for water treatment due to its high efficiency and environmental friendliness.The surface hydroxyl groups,Lewis acid sites,redox cycling, and structural defects could act as active sites on heterogeneous catalysts,which could effectively promote the ozonolysis reaction and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants.By active site engineering,both the metal?based catalysts and non?metal catalysts could significantly improve the efficiency of ozonation reactions.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the use of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation in industrial wastewater treatment.The working mechanism of this technology,the active sites of catalysts,the typical catalysts and their applications in wastewater treatment were fundamentally discussed.Finally,this paper provides insights into the future research direction of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation,emphasizing the importance of establishing a unified catalyst evaluation standard and improving the catalyst stability for the practical application of the heterogeneous ozonation catalysts.

Key words: Heterogeneous, Catalytic ozonation, Catalyst, Active sites

中图分类号:

TQ032.4

祝凯, 杨兰, 刘瑞娟, 安晓强. 非均相臭氧催化剂及其在工业废水处理中的应用与进展[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2024, 37(5): 1-10.

Kai ZHU, Lan YANG, Ruijuan LIU, Xiaoqiang AN. Advances in Heterogeneous Ozonation Catalysts and Their Applications in Industrial Wastewater Treatment[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2024, 37(5): 1-10.

图/表 4

图1 催化臭氧氧化过程中ROS的形成和转化[14]

Fig.1 ROS formation and conversion during catalytic ozonation[14]

图2 非均相催化臭氧氧化的活性位点作用机理

Fig.2 The mechanism of action of active sites in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation

图3 臭氧催化剂的分类

Fig.3 Classification of ozone catalysts

图4 臭氧/过碳酸盐体系靶向破络回收铜机理[64]

Fig.4 Mechanism of targeted complex?breaking for copper recovery in O3/percarbonate system[64]

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