Unexpected Environmental Pollution Emergency Information System in City
WANG Jiang-hua, LIU Jia-ning, ZHANG Hong-lin, LI Chang-bo, MA Hui-qiang
2011, 31 (4): 1-04. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.001
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 353KB ) ( ) 　　
In the production of hazardous chemicals present through the use or process of enterprises and institutions to investigate, determined the focus of prevention in Fushun City, and established a spatial database of dangerous goods and hazardous source spatial database. The environmental mathematical model was integrated into the geographic information systems, the use of geographic information system software MapObject and programming software Visual Basic 6.0, established Fushun unexpected environmental pollution emergency information. The system can simulate the migration of pollution diffusion process group to predict pollutant concentration and time of arrival, location in the event of accident quickly and easily in the event of accident, warning information timely in order to start the plan, prevent and mitigate the losses caused by pollution.
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Recovery of Vehicle Waste Lubricant Oil by Cosolvent Refined Method

LIU Yang， GUO Da-guang*， WU Tong， LI Shi-song

2011, 31 (4): 5-08.

Abstract ( ) PDF ( 0KB ) ( ) 　　

The refining of vehicle waste lubricant oil using the furfural as the main solvent and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as the cosolvent were studied. The influence of mixed solvent ratio, extraction temperature and other factors on the yield and quality of recovery refined oil are also investigated. It turns out that when the temperature is 80 ℃, the catalyst oil ratio is 1.5, the additive precentage of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is 0.025%, the properties of refined oil with high yield[KG*3](91.26%)[KG*3]is[KG*3]listed[KG*3]as follows: the viscosity index is 116.83, the refractometer index on 25 ℃ is 1.441, the chromatic is 2.0, the condensation point -19 ℃, w(carbon residue) is 0.496%. The refined lubricated oil after adding some additive can meet the requirements of lubricant oil, and can be reused.

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Condensation of Glycerol With Acetone Over the Silica-SupportedPhosphotungstic Acid Catalysts     
REN Li-guo, ZHANG Xiao-li, GAO Wen-yi
2011, 31 (4): 9-13.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 345KB ) ( ) 　　
Silica-supported H3PW12O40catalysts (TPA/SiO₂) with different TPA loadings were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and N2-adsorption．Their activities in the condensation of glycerol with acetone to produce acetone ketal of glycerol were studied. The effects of calcination temperature of catalyst, TPA loading, catalyst dosage and reaction time were investigated in detail. It is found that the TPA/SiO₂ catalyst, with mean grain size of 20.9~26.4 nm in typical amorphous phase, exhibited excellent catalytic activity and good stability for synthesis of acetone ketal of glycerol. The optimal conditions areasfollows:  catalyst  calcination  temperature  500  ℃,  the  mass  radio  of  the  TPA  loading  15.0%, n(acetone)∶n(glycerol)=1∶3, catalyst/glycerol mass ratio 8.0%, cyclohexane 15 mL and reaction time 6.0 h. The yield of Solketal can reach over 93.2% at the optimum conditions.
 
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Hydrodesulfurization and Dearomatization Process of C6 Solvent Oil
LIU Mei-xi, GUAN Yue, ZHAO De-zhi*
2011, 31 (4): 14-17.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 248KB ) ( ) 　　
The hydrodesulfurization and dearomatization process for C6 solvent oil were investigated in multisteps including hydrorefining, adsorptive desulfurization and hydrodearomatization. The results show when the catalyst for hydrorefining section is MC-1 and for adsorption desulfurization section is HTZM-1, and reaction conditions are listed below: temperature 260 ℃, space velocity 6 h-1, pressure 2.0 MPa and the volume ratio of hydrogen to oil 100, the sulfur content of product can be reduced to 0.5 μg/g; Hydrodearomatization was carried out with HTB-1H as the catalyst under the following reaction conditions: temperature 120 ℃, space velocity 0.5 h-1, pressure 0.6 MPa and the volume ratio of hydrogen and oil is 100, the aromatic content of product is reduced to less than 100 μg/g to meet the new standard of C6 solvent oil.
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Feasibility Study of Bitumen Production From Vacuum Residue of Russian M100
CUI Rui, WANG Li-man, ZHAO De-zhi, SHI Wei-wei, LI dan-dong, DING Wei
2011, 31 (4): 18-20.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 170KB ) ( ) 　　
The oxidation of vacuum residue of Russian fuel oil M100 was studied with self-made device for 10 h under the oxidation temperatures 225 and 250 ℃ with the ventilation capacity of 0.2 m3/(h•kg). The results show that three asphalt of oxidized samples can meet well with technical requirements of road asphalt (JTG F40-2004) for 130#C, the standard grade of asphalt and bitumen and 110#C grade standards. A modifier SBS was added with the weight ratio of 1% to 5%, and the MAW-1-type stabilizer was also added with the mass ratio of stabilizers to SBS 1∶(10~15). Two polymer modified bitumen were in line with the standard of the SBS class I-A in the technical requirements (JTG F40-2004).
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Strength Reliability Analysis of Spherical Tanks Based on the Finite Element Method
HU Zong-liu， WU Ming， LIU Yong-feng， JIANG Dong-fang， WANG Jian
2011, 31 (4): 26-28. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.007
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 247KB ) ( ) 　　
Spherical tank is more important equipment for stored or packing of gases, liquids and other media of the petrochemical. Its reliability is an important index for security. The concept of reliability analysis was explained. By using finite element software, the reliability of spherical tank and parameter sensitivity was analyzed and evaluated. Parameters' reliability and sensitivity can visually reflects influence of normal distribution design parameters on the reliability and provide scientific reference for reliability design of spherical strength.
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Numerical Simulation on Cutting Results of Sandblast Perforation
LI Zhao-yang， MA Gui-yang， TIAN Li
2011, 31 (4): 29-32.
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 420KB ) ( ) 　　
In order to effectively maintain a stable crude oil production, scientific workers put forward a hydraulic sandblasting jet technology for cutting, rock fragmentation and cleaning. It can increase the penetration depth, reduce ballistic compaction damage, and improve the fracturing effect. Due to the factors of superficial study and high cost, it failed to get extensive application over a long period of time. Rapid development of computer technology and increasingly mature computational fluid dynamics for hydraulic provides a reliable way to injection desander numerical study. Using computational fluid dynamics method and simulation software, the different abrasive density, size and jet speed spray desander working conditions were on the numerical researched. Pressure of cutting sewing place increases with particle diameter and jet speed ,but decreases with particle size. It provides the improvement of sandblast Perforation with basis theory.
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Product Oil Pipeline Network Optimum Layout Based on Genetic Algorithm
2011, 31 (4): 33-36. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.009
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 200KB ) ( ) 　　
Considering the parameter fluctuations, using multi-objective weighting method, the present value sum of pipe and tank investment and maintenance, energy costs and mixed oil processing costs in life-cycle as the objective function, network layout situation as the decision variables, a product pipeline network optimal layout model was established. Use the genetic algorithm to solve it. This method is clear, fast and effective which leads to a satisfactory solution. Calculation results show that the optimal solution calculated by GA is more economic than the Kruskal or Prim algorithm, and product pipeline network parameter must be strictly set. If the parameters have a larger range, change the weight coefficients can generates a variety of designs for choosing. MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox provides a friendly interface and easy to set which is convenient for engineering applications.
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Safety Assessment of Gas Gate Stations Basedon Faulty Tree and Fuzzy Theory
CHEN Yang， WANG Wei-min， WEI Wen-jie， JIANG Dong-fang， LIU Hua-wei， JIANG Sha， DU Xin-fu
2011, 31 (4): 37-41. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.010
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 303KB ) ( ) 　　
The security situation of city gas gate stations decides whether the city gas system in the whole city can get in normal safety operation，so the faulty tree and fuzzy theory method were suggested to analysis safety situation for city gas gate stations. By analysis on the risk factor of city gas gate stations，the faulty tree for the main system of city gas gate stations was established，twenty-eight elementary events causing the main system fault of city gas gate stations were obtained，and safety assessment index system was established. The quantitative analysis on the safety situation of the city gas gate stations was made by fuzzy comprehensive assessment theory and the score of index was determined by expert assessment, and assessment index weight was established by analytic hierarchy process method. The safety degree of the city gas gate stations was obtained by fuzzy theory, and the corresponding key routine safe working was obtained. All these were used in the safety assessment of the city gas gate stations in Changzhou, and the city gas gate stations safety degree is Ⅱ.The example proves that the method used in safety assessment result of the city gas gate stations is effective and reliable，which provide useful reference for safety management on the city gas gate stations.
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Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimentional and Unsteady Heat Transfer Process of Electric Heating Pipeline Restart With Skin Effect
WANG Yu-fu， SHEN Long-she
2011, 31 (4): 42-44. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.011
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 306KB ) ( ) 　　
The restart process of electric heating pipeline with skin effect was studied. The temperature dependence of viscosity, density, specific heat, thermal conductivity coefficient of crude oil during the process of normal operation and stopping transportation were considered here, and meanwhile the influence of crude oil solidification and latent heat on temperature drop was also analyzed, and the reasonable restart time was determined by numerical simulation under conveying temperature, which provides theoretical guidance for the safe restart of pipeline.
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Influence of Water Flow on Coking Fume PurifierWith Earthed Atomizing Corona Discharges
MI Jun-feng， DONG Mei， DU Sheng-nan， YUAN Guang-jiao
2011, 31 (4): 45-48. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.012
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 258KB ) ( ) 　　
The influence of magnetic field on corona onset voltage was studied in the earthed atomizing corona discharge, and the curvature of the charging mechanism was studied in earthed atomizing corona discharge under magnetic field or not. Eventually, the charging mechanism of earthed atomizing discharges under magnetic field was analyzed. The results show that the corona onset voltage of the earthed atomizing corona discharge is decreased because the magnetic field is used, and the charging efficiency is enhanced by magnetic field. But the influence on the diameter of water drops is not obvious. In addition, the minimum values of discharge currents are exist in the earthed atomizing corona discharge when the magnetic field is used or not.
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Laboratory Study on Profile Control and Water-CutShutoff Agent of Organic Chromium
TONG Le， REN Wen-jia
2011, 31 (4): 49-51. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.013
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 134KB ) ( ) 　　
The performances of profile control and water-cut shutoff agents of organic chromium were evaluated. By changing the temperatures，pHs and salinities of the profile control agents，the temperature and stability were evaluated comprehensively. It shows that the profile control agent is suitable for the scene production needs. And through the core flow experiment the water shutoff situations of different permeability cores was studied. The research shows that，if we operate the multi-round profile control water shutoff measures and succeed the rounds of the profile control water shutoff measures timely，we can achieve the desired effect of controlling the water and stabling the oil，displaying the production potential of high moisture content reservoir.
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Numerical Simulation of Oil-Gas Separation in Tee Pipeline
JIANG Feng-li， FAN Kai-feng， WANG Wei-qiang， ZHAO Peng， ZHANG Yuan-li
2011, 31 (4): 52-55. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.014
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 0KB ) ( ) 　　
When the gas-liquid two-phase flows through tee pipeline, the distribution of two phase in two branch pipes is always uneven. There may be only gas branch in pipelines when it is serious, while the other export tube may be full of liquid. The numerical simulation on oil-gas two phase fluxion in different time by CFD was made and the oil and gas separation characteristics in branch pipes were get. The results show that there will be gas-liquid separation phenomenon in branch pipe when the oil and gas flow through branch pipe of tee pipeline, and close to the mouth branch the separation phenomenon is obvious. There is almost no separation phenomenon in certain distance of the branch mouth.
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Electrochemical Properties of High Nitrogen Stainless Steel Under Simulated PEM Fuel Cell Environment
HUANG Jing-feng， LIU Feng， TANG Jun
2011, 31 (4): 56-59. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.015
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 286KB ) ( ) 　　
As compared with stainless steel 304 (SS304), polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of high nitrogen stainless steel (HNSS) were measured under simulated PEM fuel cell environment. The experimental results show that the natural corrosion current density and the passivation current density of HNSS is 21.7% and 24.5% lower than SS304 respectively, and this illustrates HNSS has better corrosion resistance than SS304；the value of the charge transmission resistance of HNSS is 2.43×103 times larger than SS304, and the dispersion index of HNSS (N=0.899 4) is closer to 1 than SS304 (N=0.844 5), and this indicates that the passive film of HNSS is thicker and smoother than SS304.
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Electrochemical Corrosion of Welded X80 Pipeline Steel in Simulated Acid Soil Solution
TANG Jun, LIU Feng
2011, 31 (4): 60-63. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.016
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 262KB ) ( ) 　　
The corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in simulated solution of acid soil was investigated using electrochemical measurement and metalloscope. The results show that the microstructure of the base metal is acicular ferrite, the microstructure is uniform and tiny, the distribution is parallel. The microstructure of the weld joint of X80 pipeline steel is characterized by proeutectoid ferrite, acicular ferrite and pearlite, the microstructure is uneven and bigger than base metal. No active-passive transition region is found in polarization curves of both base metal and weld joint. Both corrosion potential and charge transfer resistance of weld joint is lower than the base metal, whereas corrosive current density of the weld joint is greater than the base metal, which indicates that weld joint has a greater tendency to corrosion. The diffusion index of base metal is larger in equivalent circuit, and the corrosion produce film is denser. Corrosion resistance of the weld joint of X80 pipeline steel is lower than the base metal, due to differences in microstructure.
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Microstructural Characterization of Pearlite Spheroidized 20g Steel During Tensile Deformation
SU Hui, PEI Zhi-pu, WANG Bing-xin
2011, 31 (4): 64-66. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.017
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 415KB ) ( ) 　　
The microstructure of pearlite spheroidized 20g steel during tensile deformation was investigated with field metalloscope. SEM images of the specimen were taken after deformation. The results show that during tensile deformation, pearlite spheroidized 20g steel got deformed in some of its grains. It causes a large amount of glide bands, and piles-up at the grain boundary. Some of other grains start to deform, which form favorable orientation in order to complete further deformation. During tensile deformation, microcracks generate at the pearlite on the edge of the specimen. Microscopic voids generated at the ferrite and pearlite grain boundary inside the specimen, then extend and connect to microcracks, it shows as transcrystalline and intercrystalline fracture.
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Design of State Feedback Controller for Uncertain Switched Neutral Systems With Time-Varying Delays
WANG Li-min, SONG Dai-cai, BAI Jing
2011, 31 (4): 67-71. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.018
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 285KB ) ( ) 　　
It dealt with the controller design problem for switched neutral systems with two classes of uncertainties and time-varying delay in a range. Based on the average dwell time method, by choosing a piecewise Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, delay-range-dependent corresponding sufficient conditions of the feedback delayed controllers were derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, much less conservative results was obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed robust control scheme was demonstrated by simulation examples.
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Contrast Enhancement Method for Fog-Degraded Image Based on Fuzzy Logic
LI Fu-xiao， JI Yu-bo
2011, 31 (4): 72-75. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.019
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 267KB ) ( ) 　　
To improve the visibility of fog-degraded images, a method for fog-degraded image clearness based on fuzzy logic was presented. The degraded image was mapped from the gray area to the fuzzy area，and then the fuzzy entropy was calculated to obtain the change rate of a pixel. By choosing the appropriate threshold for the fuzzy entropy，the image pixels were put into two categories，and then achieve different fuzzy feature enhancement operations. Experiment results show that this method can efficiently improve the degradation of image and enhance the clearness of image.
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Immune Network Recommendation Algorithm Based on Clustering
LIU Yang, LI Hai-yang, WANG Yu-cai
2011, 31 (4): 76-79. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.020
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 238KB ) ( ) 　　
In internet times, it is an important challenge that how to make more personalized services for user, increase the attraction of the goods, and get greater benefits for company. Through studying the natural immune and the artificial immune theories, it described the idea of using the artificial immune technique in e-commerce personal recommendation, and gave the explaining method for recommender technique and its problems with the shape-space model. The clustering immune network recommendation algorithm was given. Experimental result shows that the proposed algorithm can solve the recommender problem more highly and efficiently, and has the advantage of good application value.
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Symplectic Geometry Characterization of Self-Adjoint DomainsforJ-Symmetric Differential Operators (Ⅲ)
WANG Zhi-jing, LI Li-jun
2011, 31 (4): 80-83. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.021
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 266KB ) ( ) 　　
The symplectic geometry characterization of second order singular J- symmetric differential operators was investigated. By constructing different quotient spaces, self-adjoint extensions of second order J- symmetric differential operators were studied using the method of symplectic geometry. Then classification and description of complete J-Lagrangian submanifold corresponding with self-adjoint domains of second order differential operators were obtained.
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Empirical Research on Intellectual Property Rights Awareness of College Kids in Liaoning Province
WANG Ling， CHEN De-yan， HONG Jin-min, XIE Min-li, SHANG Yi-bing
2011, 31 (4): 84-87. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.022
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 144KB ) ( ) 　　
As the depth interviews and questionnaires, it used the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to get on the consciousness distinction of intellectual property rights between different colleges in Liaoning Province. By the information obtained the same depth interviews combination of information, the intellectual property issues for college students were analyzed and explored deeply. The results show that the desire for intellectual property of today's college students is very high, but the lack of external environmental support.
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Computation of Higher-Order Moment of Sum of Independent and Identically Distributed Exponential Random Variables
LI Jin-qiu, YU Jing-xian, ZHAO Xiao-ying
2011, 31 (4): 88-91. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.04.023
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 143KB ) ( ) 　　
The higher-order moment of sum of independent and identically distributed exponential random variables was investigated. The higher-moment of exponential random variable was computed by mathematical induction method. Base on this result, combining the multinomial theorem and the knowledge about the partition of integer in combinatorics, the higher-order moment of sum of independent and identically distributed exponential random variables was computed and the computation formula was got. At last, the conclusion was illustrated by numerical example.
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Preconditioned USSOR Iterative Method and Comparison Theorem
TIAN Qiu-ju, LI Jin-qiu
2011, 31 (4): 91-94. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.03.024
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 0KB ) ( ) 　　
Under the preconditioned matrix P=I+R, the new USSOR iterative method was put forward. By the theory of matrix, it proved the convergence of the preconditioned USSOR iterative method when the coefficient matrix is a M-matrix or an H-matrix, gave a comparison theorem between the preconditioned USSOR iterative method and the classic USSOR iterative method when the coefficient matrix is a M-matrix, and disclosed precondition iterative method accelerates the convergence speed of the USSOR iterative method. Then a numerical example was used to demonstrate the validity.
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