多孔氮化碳的绿色合成及光催化性能

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2026.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油田加氢工艺作为提升油品质量、降低原油加工污染物排放的核心环节，在“双碳”背景下，其供氢模式的绿色化已成为行业转型的关键。传统的制氢模式碳排放强度较高，与油气行业低碳发展需求严重脱节。因此，开发绿色、安全的制氢方式具有实践意义。以(NH₄)₂S₂O₈和双氰胺的混合物为前驱体，通过热聚合的方法制备了多孔g-C₃N₄(pg-C₃N₄)；利用TEM、XRD、DRS、FT-IR等表征手段，对pg-C₃N₄的显微结构、光吸收能力、化学结构、晶体结构进行了分析，并考察了其光催化裂解水制氢和光催化降解污染物的能力。结果表明，pg-C₃N₄的比表面积约为49 m²/g；与颗粒状g-C₃N₄相比，pg-C₃N₄具有较大的比表面积和相对较高的光生电子-空穴对的分离效率，因此其在可见光下裂解水制氢性能以及分解罗丹明B（RhB）的活性大幅增强，并且能保持良好的降解性能和结构稳定性。研究结果为油田开发加氢工艺提供了一种绿氢制备方法。

关键词: 光催化, g-C₃N₄, 多孔结构, 制氢

Abstract:

The hydrogenation process in oil fields is a crucial step for improving oil quality and reducing pollutant emissions during crude oil processing. In the context of "dual carbon", the greenization of hydrogen supply mode has become a key factor in industry transformation. The traditional hydrogen production mode has a higher carbon emission intensity and is seriously out of sync with the low-carbon development requirements of the oil and gas industry. Therefore, it is of greater practical significance to develop green and safe hydrogen production methods. This paper uses a mixture of (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ and dicyandiamide as the precursor and prepares porous g-C₃N₄ (pg-C₃N₄) through a thermal polymerization method. The microstructure, light absorption capacity, chemical structure, and crystal structure of pg-C₃N₄ are analyzed by TEM, XRD, DRS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The photocatalysis hydrogen production from water splitting and the degradation of pollutants over pg-C₃N₄ are also investigated. The results show that the specific surface area of pg-C₃N₄ is approximately 49 m²/g. The results show that the specific surface area of pg-C?N? is approximately 49 m2/g. Compared with bulk g-C?N?, pg-C?N? possesses a larger specific surface area and a relatively higher separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, thereby significantly enhancing its performance in water splitting for hydrogen production under visible light as well as its activity in decomposing Rhodamine B (RhB). Moreover, it can maintain good performance and structural stability. This paper provides a green hydrogen production method for the development of hydrogenation processes in oil fields.

Key words: Photocatalysis, g-C₃N₄, Porous structure, Hydrogen production

中图分类号:

TQ032.4

王天昊. 多孔氮化碳的绿色合成及光催化性能[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2026, 39(3): 32-38.

Tianhao WANG. Green Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of Porous Carbon Nitride[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2026, 39(3): 32-38.

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链接本文: https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2026.03.004

https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/Y2026/V39/I3/32

图/表 8

图1 颗粒状g-C3N4和pg-C3N4的TEM图（a）颗粒状g-C3N4 （b） pg-C3N4

Fig.1 TEM images of granular g-C3N4 and pg-C3N4

图2 颗粒状g-C3N4和pg-C3N4的N2吸附-脱附曲线

Fig.2 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm curves of granular g-C3N4 and pg-C3N4

图3 颗粒状g-C3N4和pg-C3N4的FT-IR光谱和XRD图谱

Fig.3 FT-IR spectra and XRD patterns of granular g-C3N4 and pg-C3N4

图4 pg-C3N4的XPS光谱

Fig.4 XPS spectrum of pg-C3N4

图5 颗粒状g-C3N4和pg-C3N4的紫外-可见漫反射光谱和光致发光光谱

Fig.5 Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectra and photoluminescence spectra of granular g-C3N4 and pg-C3N4

图6 催化剂的光解水产氢活性测试结果（a）氢气生成曲线（b）产氢速率（c） pg-C3N4循环产氢测试曲线

Fig.6 The photocatalytic hydrogen production activity test results of the catalyst

图7 催化剂的光催化降解活性

Fig.7 The photocatalytic degradation activity of the catalyst

图8 循环前、产氢循环后和降解循环后pg-C3N4的FT-IR光谱和XRD图谱

Fig.8 FT-IR spectra and XRD patterns of pg-C3N4 before cycle, after hydrogen production cycle, and after degradation cycle

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