Synthesis and Properties of Spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Prepared by Solid-State Method at High Temperature
YANG Zhan-xu， QIAO Qing-dong
2011, 31 (2): 1-3. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.001
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 285KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ anode material for lithium-ion batteries was synthetized from solid-state method using Li₂CO₃ and TiO₂ as the starting materials and ethanol as dispersing agent. The synthesized material was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. The effects of thermal treatment and lithium content on their structure and electrochemical behavior have also been investigated. The synthesized Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ at optimum condition exhibits a good electrochemical property with initial discharge specific capacity of 167 mAh/g in the voltage range 1.0~2.2 V (versus Li/Li⁺) at a constant current density of 0.1 mA/cm², and the discharge capacity is almost no change after 30 cycles .
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Calculation of Gasoline Octane Number by Physical and Chemical Indices
DAI Yong-chuan，DAI Zhu-qing
2011, 31 (2): 4-7. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.002
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 175KB ) ( ) 　　
Using common quality specifications, the prediction equations for calculation motor octane number (MON) and research octane number (RON) were proposed, including distillation range, density, aromatic content, and olefinic content or bromine value. From a large number of refineries and literature data, about 70% of the sample error is less than 1.2 when MON is calculated directly by means of these prediction equations, and more than 81% of error is less than 1.8 by RON being calculated. Therefore, the ON can be calculated by these equations. It shows that the error of the prediction equations meet the standard requirement. The equations are a rapid, simple and wide-application method for the calculation of ON. They have something referential values for product quality control in petroleum refinery operation．
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Continuously Selective Synthesis of Diethanolamine Catalyzed by B₂O₃/HZSM-5
ZHAO Xue-qin, ZHANG Zhao-fei, TONG Tian-yu, YIN Yan-chao,XIN Chun-ling,WANG Zhi-min, LIAN Pi-yong
2011, 31 (2): 8-10. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.003
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 186KB ) ( ) 　　
 
B₂O₃/HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared by multiple impregnation, and used as a catalyst for synthesis of diethanolamine from anhydrous liquid ammonia and epoxyethane in a continuous fixed bed operation. Effect of boric acid amount on pore size and volume of the catalysts was studied and found that optimum B₂O₃ content is about 3%. Meanwhile, the reaction conditions are optimized and listed as follows: molar ratio of anhydrous liquid ammonia/epoxyethane 10∶3, reaction temperature 60 ℃, reaction pressure 1.0~3.0 MPa and volumetric space velocity 1.5 h^-1. Under these conditions, the yield of diethanol amine could be reach 56%.
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Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Coked Gasoline
LAN Yan, YAN Feng, ZHANG Hua-jun
2011, 31 (2): 11-13. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.004
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 210KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Deep desulfurization of coked gasoline was investigated by oxidation-extraction process with quaternary ammonium phosphomolybdate and formic acid as catalysts, hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant and furfural as the extractant. The effects of the oxidant volume, catalyst amount, extractant volume, reaction time and temperature to the desulphurization of coked gasoline were investigated. Improved desulphurization capacity of catalytic oxidation-extraction process for coked gasoline was obtained by optimizing the process conditions. Therefore, optimum conditions have been got in the actual desulfurization process of coked gasoline. The optimum technological conditions are as following: reaction time is 60 min, reaction temperature is 70 ℃, oxidant volume is 2.5 mL, extractant volume is 50 mL, catalyst amount is 0.4 g.
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Treatment of Oily Sludge in Oil Field With Hot Water Washing
ZHAO Yang, DAI Yue-ling, LI Xiao-ou, LI Dong-sheng, QIN Yong-hang
2011, 31 (2): 14-16. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.005
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 254KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The Oil Sludge of Liaohe oil field was cleaned and treated by hot water. The optimum reagent was selected by comparison, and the effect of experimental conditions (including the concentration of reagent, mass ratio of liquid to soil, stirring rate, slurry time and temperature) on oil yield were studied; and the best experimental conditions are obtained as follows: reagent concentration 4%, slurry time 25 min, slurry temperature 60 ℃, mass ratio of liquid to soil 4∶1 and stirring rate 200 r/min. Under these conditions, Oil yield can reach 94.29% after treating oil sludge once. The slurry solution can be recycled; the crude oil separated can be recycled after treatment.
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Noncomplete Digestion-Spectrophotometric Determination of Calcium in Lubricating Oil
SHEN Chun-yu
2011, 31 (2): 17-19. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.0060
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 172KB ) ( ) 　　
The noncomplete digestion method was applied to the treatment of lubricating oil sample，i．e．the sample was digested in concentrated nitric acid， and then the product of the digested sample was dissolved in emulsifier Triton X -100 obtaining the homogeneous and transparent solution of the sample.Thus the noncomplete digestion-spectrophotometer method for determination of calcium in lubricating oil was established． The interference ions are masked by EDTA. Experimental conditions are carefully selected. The results show that in the presence of 5-Br-PADAP, emulsifier TritonX-100 and KH₂PO₄-NaOH, Ca reacts with 5-Br-PADAP to form a complex with maximum absorption wavelength at 555 nm. Under the optimum conditions Beers law is obeyed in the range of 0～20.0 μg/mL of Ca with the correlative coefficient of 0.999 6 and an apparent molar absorptive coefficient of 3.84×10⁴ L/(moL·cm). The average recovery for Ca is 98.03%(n=6) from model samples and 97.4 %～102. 9% in real lubricating oil case with precision of 2.62%～3.13% RSD.
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Numerical Simulation on Speepage of Underground Pipeline Leakage
GAO Xue-li, MA Gui-yang
2011, 31 (2): 20-23. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.007
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 493KB ) ( ) 　　
 
After underground pipeline leak, crude oil in a low-speed flowed in porous media. With the increase of leakage radius the velocity decreased near the hole, velocity contour changed little with time extension, affected by gravity velocity contour had different degrees of settlement. In the front, with the increase of leakage radius oil volume fraction decreased, contour gradient is large, distribution is more intensive and continue to expand over time. Affected by gravity ,volume fraction contours onrush to the right. It could monitor the real-time spread of oil diffusion discipline and calculate the amount of oil leaking to research the distribution of leakage, and time and flow rate on volume fraction distribution. It provides an effective data support to guide the accident repair and evaluate the formation damage.
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Experimental on Viscosity-Temperature Characteristics and Rheological Properties for Crude Oil of Panjin Pipeline
JIANG Yong-ming，WU Ming，XIE Fei，HONG Hai-yan，WANG Jun，LIU Yong-feng，HU Zong-liu
2011, 31 (2): 24-26. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.008
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 183KB ) ( ) 　　
 
In order to provide the basic data for the study on safe and economic operation under low throughput of Panjin pipeline,an experimental study on viscosity-temperature characteristics and rheological properties for crude oil of Panjin pipeline was carried out.The viscosity-temperature equation and the rheological equation for crude oil of Panjin pipeline were regressed.The viscosity-temperature curve and rheological curve at the different test temperature were drew.The results show that when the test temperature is at 50~80 ℃, the crude oil of Panjin pipeline shows Newtonian fluid behavior, and the regressed equation fits of the experimental data in higher degree.
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Numerical Simulation of City Gas Pipeline Leakage and the Release and Dispersion Model
CHENG Hao-li, LIU De-jun
2011, 31 (2): 27-31. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.009
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 338KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The areas that city gas pipelines distributed in always crowd with people and buildings, and once gas releases through damaged pipes, accidents would happen involving substantial economic losses and even victims amongst the population. Therefore, in order to quantify the hazards of city gas leak, different leakage and diffusion models were established according the characters of gas and the damage. The diffusion model of unsteady leakage of gas pipeline and the damaging and destroying areas were established. Based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) technique the diffusion range of leaked gas during accident of underground gas pipeline that caused by the third party damage was studied. According to the results, the dispersion of the leaked gas was obtained and provide the theory basis for safety operation of city gas pipelines.
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Analysis and Countermeasure to the Efficiency Loss of PP1209 Solvent Pump Mechanical Seals
MO Cai-song,WU Hai-zhi
2011, 31 (2): 32-35. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.010
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 241KB ) ( ) 　　
 
he problems of the efficiency loss of PP1209 solvent sump mechanical seals and shortness of lifespan concerning mechanical seal were researched. The efficiency loss of mechanical seals was analyzed，the reason of fault was obtained，and seal product as well as reforming plan were put forward. Application practice indicates that the leakage quantity is obviously reduced comparing with that of original seal and the service life is prolonged correspondingly via running after improvement and reassembling onto the machine，to keep the equipment run in normal performance for long term，and save the cost and promoting economic benefit.
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Numerical Simulation for Particles Track in a Cyclone Separator Based on the DPM
LI Dan, MA Gui-yang，DU Ming-jun, WANG Hai-feng
2011, 31 (2): 36-38. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.01
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 498KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The movement track of the solid particles in a cyclone separator has been studied by numerical simulation. Discrete phase model (DPM) was adopted for solid field. The physical mechanism for the particles movement in a cyclone separator is studied by analyzing the influence of different particle size and inlet velocity on solid particles track in a cyclone separator. The results show that the particles track in a cyclone separator is complex, and it is influenced by inlet velocity and particles size simultaneously. The track of same size particles is different at the case of different inlet velocity, and small particles are easier influenced by the inlet velocity. The simulation results could provide some theoretical guide for engineering applications.
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Edge Detection Method for Denoising Based on Soft Morphology
ZHAI Cong，JI Yu-bo*
2011, 31 (2): 39-44. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.012
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 576KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The image processing effect based on morphology is depending on the operation and the structural element. To suppress noise of image and withdraws the edge information. A method which uses multi-element composite structure with dual gradient filter and multiple synthesis methods based on soft morphology was presented. Flexible multi-element composite structure could effectively remove the image noise filtering, and dual-gradient multiplex could improve the detection rate of the image edge. The experimental results show that the method is better than traditional algorithms in suppressing noise and edge detection.
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Method to Enhance Contrast of Fog-Degraded Images
LI Fu-xiao，JI Yu-bo
2011, 31 (2): 45-49. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.013
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 365KB ) ( ) 　　
 
To advance the visibility of the fog-degraded image, a method for fog-degraded image clearness was presented. To restrain the noise amplification in sky region，the sky region first was segmented before enhancement, then using optimal normal distribution to put the pixels of the high grey region into that of the fuzzy，the range of pixel value in the sky can be got. By the information，the sky region can be segmented from the image. A moving mask was adopted to segment scene at different depth，then each pixel in the mask is processed using block-overlapped bi-histogram equalization. The experimental results show that this method can efficiently improve the degradation of image and enhance the clearness of image.
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Information Recognizing and Matching for Three-Dimension Reconstruction With Simply-Connected Chemical Pipeline Drawings
ZHANG Yan
2011, 31 (2): 50-53. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.014
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 194KB ) ( ) 　　
 
There exist plenty of pipelines drawings of the design and production in Chemical Enterprises, which are described by two-dimension projection. Some design errors of position interference among pipe segments often appears during pipeline construction. Several problems related to three-dimension reconstruction of pipelines were researched, including characteristic analysis of pipeline drawings, data pre-processing, data description, coordinate transforming, recognizing and matching of pipe segments and so on. Finally, three dimension data were generated among matching pipe segments.
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Implemention of Immovable Cultural Relic Management System Based on 3S Technology
CAO Yang, ZHANG Zhi-hao, YANG Jing-rong, HUANG Jian, GUO Lai-de
2011, 31 (2): 54-57. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.015
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 526KB ) ( ) 　　
 
An innovation in traditional models of management in units of cultural relics protection was advanced. The uniform immovable cultural relic management system based on GIS platform with the combination of database, computer network and 3S technology (involved geographic information system, remote sensing, global positioning system) was established. It has achieved the patterns of information management and open view in cultural relic data of autonomous region, and provided scientific basis and decision support for the work in managing and protecting cultural relics in the government and the organs.
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Drawing by Three-View Drawing Automatic Navigation Based on AutoCAD
LAN Xiao-min,WANG Sheng-zhi
2011, 31 (2): 58-61. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.016
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 355KB ) ( ) 　　
 
The method that is often used to draw three-view drawing in CAD was analyzed. The method of three-view drawing automatic navigation in AutoCAD was studied. The order of three-view drawing navigation was written by AutoLISP that is in AutoCAD. Compare with other generic three-view drawing methods in AutoCAD, Three-view drawing is more efficiently in AutoCAD.
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Power Load Logistic Curve-Forecasting Model Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
LIU Guo-zhi，HE Peng-qing
2011, 31 (2): 62-64. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.017
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 216KB ) ( ) 　　
 
On the basis of the research results published in existing relevant references,the logistic curve methodis are further improved and a new power load logistic curve-forecasting model is proposed based on improved particle swarm optimization(IPSOLM). And the result of the Power load gray-forecasting model based on particle swarm optimization (PSOGM) compares with the result of the new power load forecasting model. The practical example indicates that the new model has the characteristic of better precision and wider application field.
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Influence of Government-Licensed Private Equity onTarget Enterprises' Financial Performance
LIU Ying-hua
2011, 31 (2): 65-72. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.018
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 505KB ) ( ) 　　
 
A set of indicators for financial perforemance appraisal was builded by combining PE with target enterprises.Applying T test and non-parametric test,three-year financial perforemance before IPO for target enterprises invested by PE was compared between government-licensed PE and non-government-licensed PE.And the investment behavior between the tow types of PE was compared in order to understand the reasons for generating differences.The empirical research show that the dual nature of investment objectives for government-licensed PE had an active role in front-end investment and later period supervision .In order to make government more effectively guide investment, syndication should be encuraged and spreaded.
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Symplectic Geometry Characterization of Self-Adjoint Domains for Symmetric Differential Operators in Direct Sum Spaces(VI)
WANG Zhi-jing
2011, 31 (2): 73-76. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.019
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 181KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Interior singular points were mainly studied in this paper,which means the characterization of self-adjoint domains for symmetric differential operators in the direct sum spaces. There exist the different deficiency indices at (n,n)singular points.Therefore by constructing different quotient spaces and using the method of symplectic geometry, it is possible to study self-adjoint extensions of symmetric differential operators in the direct sum spaces.The classification and description of complete Lagrangian submanifold that corresponds with self-adjoint domains of second order differential operators were also produced .
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Influence of Pulse Magnetic Field Process on Magnetostriction Coefficient of Amorphous Alloy
CUI Yu-guang
2011, 31 (2): 77-79. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.020
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 162KB ) ( ) 　　
Low frequency impulse magnetic field process can cause amorpfous alloy ribbons which are made of (Fe_1-xCo_x)₈₆Hf₇B₆Cu_1(x=0.4) to crystallize - Fe.    (Fe_1-xCo_x)₈₆Hf₇B₆Cu_1(x=0.4) indicates postive saturated magnetostriction coefficient and -Fe indicates negative saturated magnetostriction coefficien.Promoting the magnetic field intensity and the processing time can adjust the degree of the crystallization, make the ratio between the volume of λSA and the volume of λSB achieve optimization and minimize the saturated magnetostriction coefficient λS of sample.
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Empirical Research on the Correlation Between Asset Impairment and Earning Management of Listed Company
CHEN De-yan
2011, 31 (2): 80-85. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.021
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 187KB ) ( ) 　　
Taking 600 listed companies on the Shanghai stock market in china as the research samples; a relationship between assets impairment of listed firms and earnings management was studied by using multivariate statistical analysis. The result indicates that the relationship between extracting or reversing devalued preparation of assets and earnings management is significant correlation.
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Indicator Test for Security Market Quality Influenced by Institutional Investors
FANG Dan
2011, 31 (2): 86-89. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.022
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 138KB ) ( ) 　　
 
Institutional investor has become the mainstream in the security market.With the security market developing,the shares that institutional investors hold reach 40% and the effect on security market quality is increasing.But wether the operation of investing fund can improve the market quality still need to further test. The security market quality was defined and liquidity and volatility were choosed as testing indicators to investigate the effect which funds cause in security market.Therefore the validity of institutional investors in securities market can be verified by enhancing the liquidity and reducing volatility.And the conclution is that in the non-bullmarket the operation of institutional investors can enhance the liquidity of market.
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A Kind of Method for Logistics Distribution Cost Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm
BI Qian-yu，LI Yan-jie，LI Sa
2011, 31 (2): 90-94. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.023
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 181KB ) ( ) 　　
 
In the business of logistics distribution, the key is cost optimization which could reduce cost and increase economic returns. According to the character of logistics distribution, the model of cost optimization was set up .The model separated the cargo for one customer into common cargo and urgent cargo , which offered a new idea to reduce distribution cost under the conditions of crash time and the transportation capacity limited. On the basis of this model, the cost optimization genetic algorithm was created and is a specific method and process to apply the algorithm . Actual example shows that the method can get convergence to an outstanding solution fast and efficiently.Therefore this method can get better optimization result during cost optimization of logistics distribution.
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