Sulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid is a type of Bronsted acid (B acid) ionic liquid with one or more sulfonic group (—SO₃H) introduced into the organic cation or the anion. This type of ionic liquid shows strong acidity，high polarity and intense activity. In this paper, the synthesis of sulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid is reviewed, and the application in many kinds of organic catalytic reactions is also described in details. Moreover, the perspectives of sulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid has been discussed.

he hydrogen desulfurization of four kinds of low-quality diesel oils using HPL-1 as was studied on a smallsized hydrogenation unit. The reaction kinetics and the effects of reaction temperature, reaction pressure, volume space velocity and volumetric hydrogen/oil ratio on desulfurization rate have been investigated. The results showed the optimal hydrodesulfurization condition as follows: reaction temperature 360 ℃, pressure 7.0 MPa, space velocity 1.0h^-1, and volumetric hydrogen/oil ratio 800:1. Under this condition, the lowquality diesel desulfurization rate can be reached up to 9657%. Moreover, a 0.5 order kinetic model for lowquality diesel was setabilished based on the factors of pressure, hydrogen/oil ratio and space velocity parameters correction. The results indicate that the experimental values and simulation values are in good coincide for four kinds of low-quality diesel sulfur content.

Due to limitations of laboratory scale, the bending pipe structures inevitably exist in the indoor experimental loop of sequence transportation which will carry out batch transportation contaminated mechanism research. In order to optimize the design of the experimental loop, a two-dimension model was established aiming at the structure of fillet and circular were elbow, thus how the two structures affected the mixing process of sequence transportation by Fluent was simulated. The results showed that the flow field of different scales could be formed at the elbow of the loop, and the low velocity region could be formed from the inner side of the elbow, therefore severe disturbance with mixture quantity increased. Compared with the arc elbow, the mixture quantity of 90 degree bend structure could reach more than 12%. This study had important guidance for the design of the order of the product.

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The occurrence of permafrost thawing settlement would lead to soil sliding to its base along slope when the pipeline was in slope segment, which lead to form a thawing landslide, and the stress distribution of the buried pipelines located in permafrost zone ramping portion had greatly affected, and might lead to pipeline stress concentration even plastic deformation phenomenon. For buried pipelines in the slopes with different angles and the length of permafrost thawing settlement, stress changes of pipeline numerically when affected by thawing landslide and thawing settlement were simulated. The study found that different positions pipeline showed different forms of stress when it was affected by thawing landslide, and stress magnitude generated by the pipeline at different locations affected slope angles. The results provided a better theoretical basis for the safe operation and construction of the building buried pipelines.

Oil reservoir has become an important way for CO₂ storage, while the injection of CO₂ to reservoir can also improve the oil recovery. According to Yanchang oilfield reservoir characteristics, an evaluation model for CO₂ storage was established using the formation storage, bound storage, dissolved storage and mineralization mechanism. The model was established under the consideration of CO₂ dissolution in the oil, CO₂ dissolution in formation water and free gas storage. The model was used to evaluate the CO₂ storage potential for Yanchang oilfield. The results show that the model can predict reservoir storage capacity, and the reservoir CO₂ storage stock is about 209.879×104 t. The reservoir shows very good storage potential, which can provide important basis for CO₂ displacement of Yanchang oilfield.

Different batches of multidiameter shafts used for rail truck, produced by 0Cr16Ni5Mo in a factory, were tested, analyzed and researched by many testing techniques. They were chemical composition analysis, mechanics performance testing, ultrasonic flaw detection, microstructure observation, areascan of elements and energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. The results showed that the products smelted in a dualprocess and forged in different stage could meet technical requirement. The smelting process was smelting in vacuum induction furnace and electroslag remelting. Diameter of the electrode bar was 330 mm and diameter of the steel ingot smelted was 610 mm. Some conclusions were drawn in this paper. One was that the accurate control on chemical component of the electrode bar could be achieved by setting correct parameters on the frequentness of whisking and temperature in refining period. The other was that the gaseous oxygen content also reduced from 66×10^-6 to 30×10^-6. Besides, detailed optimized parameters of Multidiameter shaft produced by 0Cr16Ni5Mo in the process were determined. The smelting frequency was 150 Hz. The whisking rate of flow with gaseous Ar was 70～80 L/min and the whisking frequency 65 Hz. The temperature of the homogenized diffusion process was 1 150 ℃ for 3 h and 1 050 ℃ for 5 h. The tonnage in the stage of upsetting and molding were 3 500 and 2 000 respectively.

Disassembly modeling and planning are meaningful for the reuse and recycling of obsolete and discarded products. However, the existing disassembly methods pay little or no attention to impact of resources constraints for disassembly problem. According to the characteristics of lot sizing disassembly optimization problem with multiresource constraints, a mathematical model was established to solve disassembly optimization problems with multi-resource capacity constraints. The model aims at maximizing the profit of disassembly. The CPLEX software is used to solve the model. In order to approve the effectiveness of the proposed model, several randomly generated problem instances are used, the experimental results approved the effectiveness of the proposed model for the lot sizing disassembly optimization problem.

Taking the listed companies in Liaoning from 2011 to 2013 data as samples, the relationship between the disclosure of accounting information transparency and the value of the company was empirically researched.Through multiple regression analysis, the relationship between them was found.The results showed that the accounting information disclosure transparency was positively correlated with the value of the company, and the part in corporate governance index and the value of the company also presented certain correlation.

Taking listed companies issuing A-shares in the markets of Shenzhen in China as the research samples, by using the method of regression analysis, the relationship between the quality of accounting information of listed companies and internal control was researched.It showed that the proportion of independent directors, the budget management and business analysis in the control activities, the type of audit report and the number of the regulator in the supervision would affect the quality of accounting information.