Tungstate Phosphorus Compounds Catalytic Synthesis of Acetals
Yang Xing, Wang Xin, Chen Ping
2015, 35 (6): 1-5. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.001
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2548KB ) ( ) 　　
A l PW1 2O4 0 was prepared by phosphotungstic acid and Al(NO3)3•9H2O and used as catalyst to catalyze the condensation of benzaldehyde with 1,2propylene glycol using cyclohexane as water trapping reagent. The reaction condition including catalyst pretreatment temperature, amount of cyclohexane, molar ratio of starting materials, reaction time, dosage of catalyst and oil bath temperature were investigated. The results show that A l PW1 2O4 0 is a good catalyst for the condensation of benzaldehyde with 1, 2propylene glycol. The optimal reaction condition were as followed：n (alcohol)∶n(aldehyde)=2.0∶1, catalyst pretreatment at 150 ℃, 0.7 g of catalyst, 7 mL of cyclohexane and 2.6% total mass of starting material at 130 ℃ for 3 h. The conversion of benzaldehyde can reach up to 98.83% under optimal condition.
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Review of SOFC Anode with Resistance to Carbon Deposition
Zhang Leilei, Li Chuang, Song Zhaoyuan, Long Wen, Zhang Lei
2015, 35 (6): 6-11,19. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.002
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1588KB ) ( ) 　　
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) can convert the chemical energy of the fuel directly into electricity with high efficiency, low population and wide fuel applicability. Nibased ceramic material was used as the traditional SOFC anode. This anode shows carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning when natural gas was used as fuel for SOFC. Therefore, development of novel SOFC anode materials with good resistance to carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning has attracted considerable interest. This article reviews the recent developments of anode in SOFC with principal emphasis on the material aspects. In addition, the developments of carbon tolerant SOFC anode materials were presented from their properties. The emphasis will be placed on the development of perovskitetype anode material researches. Finally, this review will be concluded with its perspectives on the future research directions of this area.
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Degradation of Rhodamine B by Synthesis of SiO2 Supported the KegginType Phosphotungstovanadic Heteropolyacid Catalyst
Feng Ruijiang, Li Yu, Liu Lichao, Sun Jiayao, Zhang Jian, Wang Bing
2015, 35 (6): 12-15,19. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.003
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2264KB ) ( ) 　　
The Keggintype phosphotungstovanadic heteropolyacid catalyst was synthesis by N a 2HP O4、 N a VO3  and N a 2WO4·2H2O. Then,H4PW1 1VO4 0 heteropolyacid hybrid materials was prepared by reacting H3PMo12O40 with 1butyl3methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD and IR, and the results showed a characteristic Keggintype structure of 4PW1 1VO4 0/ S i O2,以 H2O2  catalyst was prepared using SiO2 as the support. The suppoted catalyst was then applied as catalyst for the degradation of Rhodamine B using the H2O2 as the oxidant. The obtained optimal reaction conditions was 3 mL of H2O2, the weight of 4PW11VO40 20% loading, 0.35 g of catalyst at 40 ℃ for 1.5 h. Under the optimal condition, the degradation rate of Rhodamine B was up to 98.4%. The catalyst shoed good reusability and can be reused for many times without the decrease of degradation activity of Rhodamine B .
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The Research and Development of the Low Freezing Point Diesel Antiwear Agent
Cong Yufeng,Wang Xize,Huang Wei,Yang Hequn,Yang Guang
2015, 35 (6): 16-19. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.004
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1570KB ) ( ) 　　
The low freezing point diesel antiwear agent was prepared by using naphthenic acid and 1,3 propanediol as raw materials, toluene as water carrying agent. The effects of molar ratio, reaction time and temperature on the esterification rate of the product have been studied. Moreover, the product was characterized by IR spectra. The result show that the esterification rate could reach as high as 96.1% uner the condition of the mole radio of acid and glycol was 2.1∶1 at 150 ℃ for 1 h. IR spectra confirmed the formation of target product. The prepared product showed quite high kinematic viscosity and particularly low freezing point. When 200 μg/g of the antiwear agent was added to the diesel, the antiwear property could be enhanced and the freezing point of diesel was lowered down efficiently.
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The Development of Polypropylene with High Rigidity Used in Appliances
Hao Huijuan, Zhou Li, Zhang Liyan, Li Yuanyuan
2015, 35 (6): 20-23,27. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.005
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2933KB ) ( ) 　　
Polypropylene V30G and K4912 were respectively modified by melting blend method to prepare the special high rigidity PP material for the small household appliances. The effects of content of two nucleating agents G5588 and T5688 on the properties of polypropylene were studied. The prepared material showed the best property when using polypropylene PP (V30G) as matrix resin and G5588 as the nucleating agent. When the mass fraction of G5588 was 0.20%, the tensile strength of rigid polypropylene was 35.3 MPa, flexural strength was 37.87 MPa, impact strength was 3.84 kJ/m2, and the melt flow rate was 16.32 g/(10 min).
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Finite Element Analysis of the Residual Life for Outside Corroded Pipelines
Sun Dongxu， Wu Ming， Xie Fei， Cheng Mengmeng
2015, 35 (6): 24-27. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.006
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2090KB ) ( ) 　　
It is of great significance to predict the long distance oil pipeline residual life for avoiding leakage accidents and saving repair costs. For the two corrosiondefect points that were dug out on one domestic refined oil pipeline, the threedimensional finite element model of ellipsoidal defect of pipelines structure based on FEA was established. According to the measured dimensions of the two defects of pipeline, the stress analysis of corroded pipelines using nonlinear analysis technique and the remaining life prediction based on plastic limit state failure criterion was also done. The results show that the remaining life of the two corrosion defects were respetively 8 and 13 years. The predicted results could provide theoretical basis for pipeline maintenance and repair.
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Numerical Simulation of the Stress of Elbow in the BeamMounted Straight Crossing Pipeline
Zhang Yinan， Ma Guiyang， Huang Xuechi， Ning Wenyu， Bi Quan
2015, 35 (6): 28-32,37. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.007
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3610KB ) ( ) 　　
Because of the complex terrain in the construction of longdistance buried pipeline, the elbows are widely used in pipeline systems. Due to its specificity in terms of shape and structure, elbows not only can change the axial direction of the pipeline, but also increase the flexibility of the pipeline. However, under the special conditions of environment, bends in the piping system are often the section of concentration of stress. In the certain conditions, plastic deformation occurs at the elbow, which poses a potential threat to the safe operation of pipelines. Through the application of software of finite element analysis, stress at a particular point (elbow) of buried pipeline were numerically calculated and analyzed. By numerical calculation and analysis, when the local pipeline under pressure in the radial direction, the distribution of values of Von Mises stress were obtained at the elbow, in the crossing segment of the buried pipeline. And when the length of the applied load, the bending angle and the radius of curvature of elbow were changed, the influence of the stress of the elbow was also obtained.
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The Use of PPD on the Heavy Oil Transportation
Li Weitao， Fu Xuan， Li Fengxin
2015, 35 (6): 33-37. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.008
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1698KB ) ( ) 　　
When the oilfield development entered the later stage, the throughput of some existed pipelines was lower than the minimum throughput pipeline. The terminalstation the temperature of the oil was lower than the oil condensation point, which could not meet the requirements of pipeline transportation. The appropriate PPD could be chose to reduce oil condensation point, which need not build new heatingstation and effectively cut the transportation costs. Usually experimental method was adopted to select the PPD and determine the injection quantity. The results show that adding the CN16H91 pour point depressant that its mass fraction was 50 μg/g could make the solidifying point of the mixed oil fall from 15.0 ℃ fell to 4.0 ℃, it was lower than the inlet temperature to meet the requirements for pipeline transportation.
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Influence Factors of CoalBed Methane Recovery by CO2 Injection
Xie Qihong，Shao Xianjie，Zhan Nan，Jie Jingtao，Qiao Yupeng，Zhang Min，Huo Mengying
2015, 35 (6): 38-41,48. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.009
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1448KB ) ( ) 　　
Based on the mechanism of coalbed methane recovery by CO2 injection, starting from the experiments simulation studies and production practice, the influence factors of coalbed methane recovery by CO2 injection was analyzed. The study found that the main influence factors were as followings: the conditions of coal quality, water, injection pressure and rate of CO2.The gas injection process was affected by the different types, contents and distribution characteristics of the minerals in the coal and the water in the coal seam. Without external water supply in the state of free water, the higher content of carbonate mineral in coal was, the higher coalbed methane recovery was. The higher the gas injection pressure was, the better coalbed methane seepage channel output was. In a certain time, the methane stripping ratio increased with the increase rate of CO2 injection. By using analytic hierarchy process on the sensitivity analysis of the different factors, the results showed that the weighting coefficient of coal quality conditions was 0.55. Coal quality condition played a main role in the process of gas injection.
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The Influence of Hot Welding Process on Stress Corrosion Property of 2.25Cr1Mo Steel
Wang Guoqing， Yan Ping， Zhang Zhichao， Zhu Xiangzhe
2015, 35 (6): 42-44,48. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.010
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1523KB ) ( ) 　　
The 2.25Cr1Mo steel that was frequently used in petrochemical equipment was welded by hot welding process at 750 ℃ and 850 ℃. The welding residual stress of every welded specimen was measured by the small blindhole method. The electrochemical workstation was used to measure the stress corrosion property of every welded specimen in alkaline, acidic and neutral medium. The microstructure of welded joint was analyzed by metallographic technique. The results showed the hot welding process could obviously reduce the welding residual stress of 2.25Cr1Mo steel welded plate and raise the stress corrosion property of it in every medium. In addition, the higher the process temperature was, the bigger the reduced degree of welding residual stress was, the more the stress corrosion property was improved. At 850 ℃, the welding residual stress was reduced by the degree of above 60% and the stress anticorrosion property was raised by the degree of above 30%. The microstructure of welded joint was improved after high temperature welding. The mechanical property was maintained.
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Improved the Application in Audit to the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method in the HSE Management System
Zhang Nan， Zhang Jiashen
2015, 35 (6): 45-48. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.011
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1025KB ) ( ) 　　
Petrochemical business is a highrisk industry, the establishment and implementation of HSE management system can effectively help companies manage hazards. Audit of HSE management system can effectively promote the enterprise management level. Because the previous audit issues failed to give the overall quantitative evaluation results, therefore the evaluation method was proposed based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and improved method of analytic hierarchy process（AHP） combined, and the validity of the methodology was demonstrated by examples.
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Analysis of Kaplan Turbine Unit Performance Test
Du Juan， Shi Jinghui， Bao Jin
2015, 35 (6): 49-52. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.012
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2013KB ) ( ) 　　
The wheel leaves of Kaplan turbine are important components that convert the kinetic and potential energy of water into mechanical energy. The overall performance of the unit was changed when water turbine blade was replaced. The test must be performed on the output and vibration. In order to test the operation of the set of dynamic balance quality, dynamic characteristics of hydraulic turbine, and the maximum load capacity verification, the stability of hydraulic turbines was tested. The test results show that the unit could operate safely and stably in the water head under the rated power.
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The Study of Space More Freedom Position Control System Based on S7300 PLC
Guo Weijian， Li Weijun， Shi Chengjiang
2015, 35 (6): 53-56. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.013
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3508KB ) ( ) 　　
The space more freedom position control system is studied for the simulation experiments which provide experimental device space more freedom need space of X、Y axis roll and pitch motion. The system selects the siemens S7300 PLC as lower computer, the WinCC as upper computer. The control system used the modular programming design thought, timer interrupt for a long timing, PID control of electrohydraulic proportional valve opening to make the simulating platform pitch and roll motion of the fast track come true, and the failure to make the solution in the process of debugging.
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Asymmetrical Controlled ThreePhase High Frequency Isolated DCDC Converter
Zhang Wei， Ge Linlin
2015, 35 (6): 57-63. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.014
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 6581KB ) ( ) 　　
The increasing demand for more efficient high power supplies have forced to draw attention towards high frequency isolated threephase DCDC converter. Herein, a high frequency isolated threephase DCDC converter was studied, which can be used in the applications that require very low voltage conversion ratio, isolation, good regulation against load and line disturbances, and fast dynamic response. In this paper, modeling, control and design of highfrequency isolated threephase DCDC converter is carried out under asymmetrical control with fixed frequency operation and its steady state analysis is presented according to the description of the operation stages of the converter. A 750 W/5 V/150 A prototype model of proposed DCDC converter is built and tested under different operating conditions. Based on experimental results under the control method, performances of proposed converter have been investigated in view of low voltage high current applications.
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Control of DiscreteTime Markovian Jump  Systems:The Optimization Method
Wang Guoliang, Li Boyu
2015, 35 (6): 64-71,76. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.015
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2234KB ) ( ) 　　
In view that the transition probability matrix (TPM) can only get part of the measurement data, the H control problem of discretetime Markov jump systems is considered by using an optimal estimation method. Firstly, an optimal estimation of TPM is obtained. Then, several sufficient existence conditions for modedependent H controllers are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Comparing with the traditional results developed by the robust method, the proposed results in this paper are less conservative. Finally, the utility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by numerical examples.
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China's Carbon Emissions and Correlation Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment and Export Trade
Yu Dan， Fang Dan， Wang Bo， Miao Xinyu
2015, 35 (6): 72-76. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.016
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1689KB ) ( ) 　　
With China's economic sustainable development, people's living standards improved, but the attendant environmental problems are increasingly prominent, the greenhouse effect is particularly prominent. Many scholars pay much attention to the relationship between China's carbon emissions and foreign direct investment and export trade. The effect of foreign direct investment and export trade on carbon emissions were studied through the panel data of 28 provincial units of 2000-2012. The results show that the total amount of foreign direct investment was a positive correlation with the carbon emissions in China. From the relative close degree, foreign direct investment on carbon emissions was greater than the total amount of export trade. 
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Financial Performance Cluster Analysis on Medicine Listed Corporations Based on Factor Analysis Method
Li Qingdong， Lin Jiahui
2015, 35 (6): 77-81. DOI:10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.06.017
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1022KB ) ( ) 　　
Thirty indexes were chose from company profits quality. The nine factors were extracted by factor analysis method. Then the finance performance of the medicine listed industry was evaluated in China by cluster analysis. The results show that the enterprise asset utilization ability, main business profitability and the ability to collect cash were weak.
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