Abstract: Oxidation process of iron sulfides was observed by installation of oxidation experiment．Oxidation process of iron sulfide can be divided into three stages ：surface layer self －heating period，incubative period and accelerative oxidation period． Heat gathering was the key factors for iron sulfide self －ignite．Effects of oil，water content and sulfur on heat gathering were explored using oxidation experiment installation．The results show that oil has complicate effect on self － ignite of iron sulfide．Water content can prevent iron sulfide from oxidizing．Sulfur has a little effect on initial stages of self －ignite，while in the final stage it can be as external heat source．

Key words: Iron sulfide , Oxidation , Self－ignite \ Heat gathering , Effect factors

摘要： 采用自然环境中氧化试验装置，研究了硫化铁的自然氧化进程，根据硫化铁在自然环境中氧化进程的特征，提出了其氧化过程可以分为表层自热期、潜伏期以及加速氧化期 3个阶段。热量积聚在硫化铁自燃进程中起着关键性的作用。此外，又研究了原油、水分以及硫单质等因素对热量积聚过程的影响。结果表明，原油对热量积聚具有双重影响；水分对于自燃具有抑制作用；硫磺对硫化铁自燃初期影响比较小，后期主要起到外部热源的作用。

关键词: 硫化铁 , 氧化 , 自燃 , 热量积聚 , 影响因素