Abstract: HUSY/ZSM⁃5 composite zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization, and the structure, acidity and morphology were characterized by X⁃ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption⁃desorption, NH3⁃TPD and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and pyridine infrared(Py⁃FTIR). Epoxidized soybean oil was synthesized using solvent⁃free method, and the catalytic activity of HUSY, HUSY+ZSM⁃5 mechanical mixture and HUSY/ZSM⁃5 for the epoxidation of soybean oil was compared, and the composite zeolite HUSY/ZSM⁃5 showed the best catalytic performance. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of epoxy soybean oil were as follows: 20 mL of soybean oil , 16 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide, 4.0 mL of acetic acid, 3 g of catalyst. Epoxidized soybean oil with an acid value of 0.46 mg/g and an epoxy value of 5.60% was obtained after reaction at 70 ℃ for 4 h. The product was characterized by FT⁃IR, 1H⁃NMR, and 13C⁃ NMR.

Key words: Soybean oil, Epoxidation, Composite zeolite, Epoxidized soybean oil, Plasticizer

摘要： 采用水热晶化法合成了HUSY/ZSM⁃5复合分子筛，通过X⁃射线衍射（XRD）、N2吸附⁃脱附、NH3⁃TPD及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及吡啶红外（Py⁃FTIR）对其结构、酸性和形貌进行了表征。采用无溶剂法催化合成环氧大豆油，对比了HUSY、HUSY+ZSM⁃5机械混合物及HUSY/ZSM⁃5对大豆油环氧化反应的催化效果，确定复合分子筛HUSY/ZSM⁃5是催化效果最好的催化剂，得到环氧大豆油合成最佳工艺条件为:大豆油20 mL，质量分数30%过氧化氢16 mL，乙酸4.0 mL，催化剂质量3 g，在70 ℃条件下反应4 h，获得酸值为0.46 mg/g，环氧值为5.60%的环氧大豆油产品。利用傅立叶红外光谱（FT⁃IR）、核磁共振氢谱（1H⁃NMR）、碳谱（13C⁃NMR）等手段对产品进行表征。

关键词: 大豆油, 环氧化, 复合分子筛, 环氧大豆油, 增塑剂