化学清洗⁃热蒸汽气浮联合工艺处理含油污泥

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2022.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立化学清洗?热蒸汽气浮联合工艺处理含油污泥，并对联合工艺条件进行详细考察；以自主合成的WP?1为主要清洗剂，以处理后的含油污泥固相含油率评估WP?1的清洗效果。结果表明，联合工艺最佳条件为泥水质量比1 $∶$ 3，清洗温度80 ℃，搅拌速率200 r/min，清洗时间1.5 h，保温静置时间15.0 min，热蒸汽气浮时间1.0 h。热蒸汽气浮解决了清洗过程中密度较大的含油颗粒悬浮、沉底问题。在最佳条件处理后的含油污泥固相含油率降低到1.2%，达到了 SY/T 7301-2016中规定的含油污泥处理标准；WP?1与0.1 g硅酸钠配伍使用时除油率高达92.08%，性价比高，有很好的应用价值。

关键词: 含油污泥, 化学清洗, 热蒸汽气浮, 含油率

Abstract:

A combined chemical cleaning?thermal steam air floatation process was established to treat oil sludge,and the conditions of the combined process were investigated meticulously. Meanwhile, the self?synthesized WP?1 was taken as the main cleaning agent, and the cleaning effect of WP?1 was evaluated by the solid?phase oil content upon treatment. The results reveal that the optimal conditions for the combined process include a mud?to?water ratio of 1 $∶$ 3, a cleaning temperature of 80 ℃, an agitation rate of 200 r/min, cleaning time of 1.5 h, holding time of 15.0 min, and thermal steam air floatation of 1.0 h. Thermal steam air floatation solves the problem of suspending and sinking oil particles with large specific gravity in the cleaning process. Under optimal conditions, the solid?phase oil content decreases to 1.2%, meeting the oil sludge treatment standards stipulated in SY/T 7301-2016. The oil removal rate is as high as 92.08% when WP?1 is combined with 0.1 g of sodium silicate, which demonstrates a high price?performance ratio and is of good application value.

Key words: Oil sludge, Chemical cleaning, Thermal steam flotation, Oil content

中图分类号:

TE992.3

沈聪, 吴限, 杨莹, 李丽华. 化学清洗⁃热蒸汽气浮联合工艺处理含油污泥[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2022, 35(3): 16-22.

Cong Shen, Xian Wu, Ying Yang, Lihua Li. Treatment of Oil Sludge by Chemical Cleaning⁃Thermal Steam Air Floatation[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2022, 35(3): 16-22.

图/表 16

图1 含油污泥清洗流程

Fig.1 Flow chart of oil sludge cleaning

图2 含油污泥含油率测定装置

Fig.2 Oil content determination device of sludge

表1 含油污泥基本物性参数 (%)

Table 1 Basic physical parameters of oil sludge

含油污泥	含油率	固含率	含水率
干燥处理前	15.16	67.13	17.71
干燥处理后	18.43	81.57	0

图3 泥水质量比对固相含油率的影响

Fig.3 Effect of mud water mass ratio on solid oil content

图4 清洗温度对固相含油率的影响

Fig.4 Effect of cleaning temperature on oil content

图5 搅拌速率对固相含油率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of stirring rate on oil content

图6 清洗时间对固相含油率的影响

Fig.6 Effect of cleaning time on oil content

图7 保温静置时间对固相含油率的影响

Fig.7 Effect of holding time on oil content

图8 气浮时间对固相含油率的影响

Fig.8 Effect of air flotation time on oil content

图9 清洗剂质量对固相含油率的影响

Fig.9 Effect of mass of cleaning agent on oil content

图10 配伍剂对固相含油率的影响

Fig.10 Effect of compatibility on oil content

图11 硅酸钠质量对固相含油率的影响

Fig.11 Effect of mass of sodium silicate on oil content

图12 含油污泥处理效果（a）未处理含油污泥（b）清洗后含油污泥（c）处理后泥相

Fig.12 Effect diagram of oil sludge treatment

图13 处理前后含油污泥扫描电镜（a）处理前（b）处理后

Fig.13 SEM spectrum of oil sludge before and after treatment

图14 处理前后含油污泥红外谱图

Fig.14 FT?IR spectrum of oil sludge before and after treatment

图15 处理前后含油污泥XRD谱图

Fig.15 XRD spectrum of oil sludge before and after treatment

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