气顶边水环状油藏提高采收率技术研究

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2025.06.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气顶边水环状油藏在开发过程中面临气窜与水侵的双重难题，需要基于开发效果评价及时调整开发策略。辽河SG?1油田杜X井区属于气顶边水环状薄层油藏，利用天然能量开发，油藏压力下降快，造成边水过早侵入，气顶气窜，影响开发效果。通过数值模拟及公式法对开发方式比选发现，薄层油藏油层厚度小，对气体的遮挡和阻碍作用较弱，注气相对于注水开发更容易过早突破，造成气窜，开发效果较差。创新设计低部位屏障注水补能、高部位采油的水驱开发方式，并基于采用临界流速、翁文波Logistic旋回法等方法优化注入速度、注入量、注采比，考察了抑制边水侵入和顶部气窜、挖潜剩余油的效果。结果表明，采用低部位屏障注水能有效提高区块采收率，较气驱开发提高3.5个百分点，较天然能量开发提高6.5个百分点。研究对高效开发气顶边水环状薄层油藏具有重要意义。

关键词: 边水, 气顶, 环状油藏, 气窜, 水侵

Abstract:

Annular reservoirs with gas cap and edge water face the dual challenges of gas channeling and water invasion during development,requiring timely adjustment of development strategies based on development effect evaluation.The Du X Well Block of Liaohe SG?1 Oilfield is a thin?bedded annular reservoir with gas cap and edge water developed by using natural energy.Rapid reservoir pressure decline leads to premature edge?water encroachment and gas?cap channeling,which adversely affects development efficiency.Through numerical simulation and formula?based method for development scheme comparison,it is found that thin?bedded reservoirs have small pay zone thickness and weak shielding and blocking effect on gas.Compared with water flooding,gas injection is more prone to premature breakthrough and gas channeling,resulting in poor development effect.An innovative water flooding mode is designed,featuring energy supplementation via barrier water injection at the lower part and oil production at the upper part.Injection parameters including injection rate,injection volume,and injection?production ratio are optimized using methods such as critical flow rate analysis and Weng Wenbo' Logistic Cyclical Method.The effects of inhibiting edge?water encroachment,suppressing top gas channeling,and tapping remaining oil potential are investigated.The results indicate that barrier water injection at the lower part effectively improves the block recovery factor by 3.5 percentage points compared with gas drive development and 6.5 percentage points compared with natural energy development.This study provides significant guidance for the efficient development of gas?cap edge?water annular thin?bedded reservoirs.

Key words: Edge water, Gas cap, Annular oil reservoir, Gas channeling, Water intrusio

中图分类号:

TE33

张明波. 气顶边水环状油藏提高采收率技术研究[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2025, 38(6): 57-64.

Mingbo ZHANG. Research on the Technology for Improving the Recovery Factor of the Gas Cap and Edge Water Annular Oil Reservoir[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2025, 38(6): 57-64.

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链接本文: https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2025.06.007

https://journal.lnpu.edu.cn/syhg/CN/Y2025/V38/I6/57

图/表 13

图1 注采井别图

Fig.1 Injection and production well position map

图2 避射距离和油层厚度与日产气量的关系（a）避射距离（b）油层厚度

Fig.2 Graph of the relationship between distance,oil reservoir thickness and daily gas production

图3 避射距离和油层厚度与未气窜生产时间的关系（a）避射距离（b）油层厚度

Fig.3 Graph of the relationship between distance，oil reservoir thickness and unchanneled production time

图4 杜X井区天然能量评价图版

Fig.4 Natural energy evaluation chart of Du X

图5 衰减法预测采收率曲线

Fig.5 Predicting the recovery factor by the decline curve method

图6 边部屏障注水机理图

Fig.6 Mechanism diagram of deripheral water injection

图7 基于数值模拟的采油速率和采收率预测曲线

Fig.7 Prediction curves of oil production rate and recovery factor based on numerical simulation

表1 无阻流量经验公式相关参数

Table 1 Parameters related to the empirical formula for open flow potential

相关参数	数值
p_R/MPa	19.50
p_wf/MPa	17.49
p_d	0.20
q_sc×10^－4/（m³·d^-1）	2.95
q_aof×10^－4/（m³·d^-1）	5.50

图8 双北26?40井油水相渗曲线与杜139井驱油效率曲线

Fig.8 Oil-water relative permeability curve of well shuangbei 26? 40 and oil displacement efficiency curve of well Du 139

图9 双北31?47至双北35?49油藏剖面图

Fig.9 Reservoir cross-sectional map from well Shuangbei 31?47 to well Shuangbei 35?49

图10 不同油价下杜124区块合理井距评价图

Fig.10 Evaluation diagram of reasonable well spacing for Du 124 block under different oil prices

图11 速敏实验结果

Fig.11 Speed sensitivity experiment result

图12 基于翁文波 Logistic 旋回法的综合含水率与累计耗水率、累计水油体积比关系图（a）综合含水率与累计耗水率（b）综合含水率与累计水油体积比

Fig.12 Relationship between comprehensive water cut and cumulative water consumption, cumulative water?oil ratio based on Weng Wenbo's Logistic Cycle Method

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