Research Progress in Preparation and Catalytic Performance of the Carbon-Based Non Noble Metal Catalysts
Yang Fan, Li Yongfeng
2018, 38 (02): 1-8. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.001
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2833KB ) ( ) 　　
The research and development of carbon-based non noble metal catalysts is one of the leading directions in the field of materials science and catalysis. Although, compared with conventional noble metal catalysts, it has the unique advantages of large surface area, wide source, low cost, environmental friendliness, corrosion resistance and so on. Combining the research progress of carbon-based non noble metal catalysts at home and abroad in recent years, the synthesis methods and research status of graphenebased non-metal catalysts, graphene-based non-precious metal oxide catalysts and carbon materials dispersed nonprecious metal catalysts are reviewed.
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Hydrothermal Cracking Reaction Mechanism of the Residue under the Effect of Ultrasonic Wave
Wang Chong, Zhao Dezhi, Song Guanlong, Li Ying, Yang Zhanxu, Zhao Yun, Zhang Wenjun
2018, 38 (02): 9-12. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.002
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1853KB ) ( ) 　　
Using a high-temperature and high-pressure ultrasonic reactor, the hydrothermal cracking reaction of vacuum residue of Huizhou Refinery. The gas product composition, liquid product composition, reaction coke SEM morphology, and element analysis were investigated to discuss the mechanism of hydrothermal cracking reaction under the effect of ultrasonic wave. The results show that there is no significant difference in the yield of gas products in hydrothermal cracking reaction mechanism of the residue under the effect of ultrasonic wave and the production rate of light oil has been increased slightly while that of coke has been slightly reduced. The angularity of the coke particles is relatively smooth and the pore structure appears, indicating that under the effect of ultrasonic wave, the hydrothermal cracking reaction of residual oil is mainly based on the radical thermal reaction mechanism and the cavatition of ultrasonic wave can promote the residuum to have cracking reaction so that the production rate of light oil has been slightly increased. The mechanical effect of ultrasonic wave causes the raw coke precursor suspended in the residue to oscillate violently, so as to prevent its polymerization, thus having reduced coking, the large increase of Ni in the coke indicates that the catalyst provides a coking center for coking.
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Effect of F-T Wax on the Blending Properties of Paraffin Wax
Peng Yida,Dai Yongchuan,Zhao Dezhi,Feng Shuo,Zhang Zhe,Yin Yunzhi
2018, 38 (02): 13-15. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.003
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2192KB ) ( ) 　　
Paraffin wax was blended with F-T wax. The effects of the mass fraction of F-T wax on paraffin 46^# and 58^# were investigated respectively. The results show that the addition of F-T wax can significantly increase the melting point of paraffin, when the mass fraction of F-T wax increases from 0.05% to 30.00%, the melting point of 46^# and 58^# blended wax drops from 72.4 ℃ to 44.4 ℃, and drops from 88.4 ℃ to 62.4 ℃, respectively. With the increase of the mass fraction of F-T wax, the melting point and penetration of blended wax decrease continuously, that is, the mass fraction of F-T wax is inversely proportional to the drop melting point and penetration. The analysis of the crystalline structure of the blended wax shows that, the content of non-isoparaffins in the blended wax is higher. So its crystal structure is an array of inclined lattice arrangement of the long needlelike wax crystals, and the natural paraffin crystallization is different with others, which composition is more complex.
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Study on High Carbon Chain Erucic Acid Clean Fracturing Fluid
Ma Chao, Wan Zhilong, Zhang Ningtao, Li Shengsheng, Hu Feng, Yin Lingxue
2018, 38 (02): 16-19. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.004
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2159KB ) ( ) 　　
At present, most of the main agent of conventional clean fracturing fluids are viscoelastic sixteen (or eighteen) alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, which has poor temperature resistance (generally less than 60 ℃). The quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant (JS-VES) based on high carbon chain erucic acid has good temperature resistance. In this paper, a high-carbon erucic acidtype clean fracturing fluid (mass fraction) (0.80% JS-VES+0.68%NaSal+2.60%KCl+0.40%Na₂S₂O₃) was developed with JSVES as the main agent, and compared with the conventional clean fracturing fluid system performance. The highcarbon erucic acidtype clean fracturing fluid system (25 ℃, 170 s^-1) has an apparent viscosity of 25 mPa•s. It has good shear resistance, and can meet the requirements of suspended sand in the static suspension of sand, with a good breaking capacity (2 mPa•s) and temperature resistance (80 ℃).
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Research Status and Prospect of Adsorption and Diffusion
Li Xianming， Liu Shu， Wang Xiaoning
2018, 38 (02): 20-25. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.005
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1226KB ) ( ) 　　
The common research methods for the adsorption and diffusion of zeolite molecular sieves at home and abroad, the characteristics and applicable scope of each method, and the research status of adsorption and diffusion phenomena at home and abroad are introduced. The research results of domestic and foreign scientific research workers are systematically introduced. On this basis, the scientific problems that existed in this field are put forward. Aiming at these problems, a research program by using gas chromatography for the study of adsorption and diffusion phenomena is proposed. The principle of gas chromatography and the method of adsorption and diffusion are described in detail. The corresponding formulas are deduced, and the application of gas chromatography in the study of adsorption and diffusion is also prospected.
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Noble Metal Nanoparticles Supported Strontium Titanate Photocatalyst
Dong Yingnan， Tian Xiaoming， Liu Jin， Li Shanshan， Bi Xiaoguo
2018, 38 (02): 26-29. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.006
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2194KB ) ( ) 　　
Recently, strontium titanate (SrTiO₃) is becoming a research hotspot due to its potential application for a new photocatalytic material. In this paper, M/SrTiO₃ catalysts (M=Ag, Pd) were prepared by loading Ag or Pd nanoparticles on the surface of strontium titanate powder in different proportions. The experimental results showed that both Ag and Pd nanoparticles could effectively promote the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by strontium titanate, and the type and load of noble metal have obvious effect on the activity of the catalyst. The catalyst had the highest methyl orange degradation rate of 95.1% after the reaction for 2 h when the Ag mass fraction was 0.2%. Notably, the degradation rate over the catalyst increased by about 35% comparing with pure strontium titanate powder. Similar to Ag/SrTiO₃, the degradation rate with Pd mass fraction of 0.2% increased by about 26% comparing with that on pure strontium titanate powder. The mechanism and effect of noble metals on the photocatalytic performance of strontium titanate were briefly discussed.
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Effect of Chloride Ion on Corrosion Resistance of 2205 Duplex  Stainless Steel in Hydrofluoric Acid
Pang Xuguang， Hou Guanyu， Liang Ping
2018, 38 (02): 30-32. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.007
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2187KB ) ( ) 　　
The corrosion behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) in hydrofluoric acid (HF) was affected by the chlorine ion. The methods including immersion, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) were used to understand the effect. The results showed that while the NaCl concentration was added into HF solution from 0.015 mol/L to 0.030 mol/L, the corrosion potential got more positive, and the corrosion current density and average corrosion rate increased with the increasing NaCl content. It was because that NaCl decreased the pH of HF solution.
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Numerical Simulation on Leakage of Buried Gas Pipeline Based under Multi Building Condition
Zhang He， Ma Guiyang
2018, 38 (02): 33-39. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.008
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 5949KB ) ( ) 　　
Aiming at the process on leakage of buried gas pipeline in urban area, and considering gas of different constituents and concentration leakage based under multi building condition, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to establish the three-dimensional physical model of buried pipeline in the leakage process, the environmental wind field and leakage rate into the boundary conditions in the form of user-defined functions were introduced, and the simulation process was divided into steady-state simulation in environmental wind field and transient simulation in leakage. And the leakage process was divided into continuous leakage and leakage after pipe valve closing, and the gas leakage rules were analyzed. The results showed that: It was necessary to simulate the steady state in environmental wind field. There existed three low velocity zones near the flow field and a large velocity gradient on the edge of the building. It showed the following characteristics that the confined leakage of oil layer diffusion, low velocity zone upstream gathering, gas cloud rising, hydrogen sulfide deposition and diffusion and so on in the gas continuous leakage stage. It showed the characteristics of the gas diffusion continuity and dissipation from top to bottom in the valve closed stage. Based on the conditions above, comparing methane, hydrogen sulfide had larger diffusion range, later dissipation time, and greater risk.
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Application of River Prediction Based on Gray Relational and  Support Vector Machine in N Area of S Oilfield
Li Yang
2018, 38 (02): 40-46. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.009
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 10978KB ) ( ) 　　
It is difficult to predict the accuracy of the river by using the conventional seismic attributes, due to the complex conditions of the terrigenous clastic basin reservoirs and the rapid change of the rock facies. In this paper, XII7-12 layer in N area of S oilfield is taken as an example. Through the seismic forward analysis, the seismic section reflection characteristics of different types of reservoirs are different, and the seismic attributes of the combined layer can be used as the effective dimension for the main channel prediction in this area. On this basis, using the method of the combination of Gray Relational Analysis and Support Vector Machine, the N zone seismic attribute prediction based on Gray Relational Support Vector Machine is completed. Drilling confirmed that based on Gray Correlation and Support Vector Machine attribute prediction, the drilling coincidence rate is higher. By using the advantage of seismic inversion to predict the boundary of the channel sand, the comprehensive analysis of dynamic and static data of the polymer flooding well group effectively solved the contradiction between the injection and production system of the XII7-12 strata system in the N area of the S oilfield, thus, it further confirms the accuracy of attribute prediction based on GRA-SVM. Comprehensive research shows that this method is suitable for high accuracy of the river prediction and can be used as a better river prediction method under complex geological conditions.
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Numerical Simulation Research in Erosion-Corrosion of 90° Elbow Pipe
Sun Zonglin， Xing Zhenhua, Zhang Mengyun， Duan Pengfei， Wu Yuguo
2018, 38 (02): 47-51. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.010
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2973KB ) ( ) 　　
For the problem of erosion-corrosion in oil pipeline system, used ANSYS FLUENT software, by changed the inlet velocity, the particle mass flow rate and the particle diameter, conducted numerical simulation for flow field distribution and severe erosion area of 90° elbow pipe. The results show that: with the increase of inlet velocity, the pipe erosion rate increases gradually; with the increase of particle diameter, the pipe erosion rate decreases; with the increase of particle mass flow rate, the pipe erosion rate increases linearly; and there have interaction between the three erosion factors of inlet velocity, particle mass flow rate and particle diameter.
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Error Analysis of Residual Strength Assessment Methods for Pipeline with Volume Defect
Quan Dongyu， Wang Weiqiang， Sun Shaoyang
2018, 38 (02): 52-56. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.011
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1915KB ) ( ) 　　
The five common methods used residual strength assessment for oil and gas pipeline were studied.By comparing the results calculated by strength assessment equations and measured by blasting experiments, the calculation error of these equations were obtained.Then the error distribution interval was analyzed.The results showed that the equation of Modified B31G was less conservative than Origin B31G.Allowable stress method and PCORRC equation had the better evaluation results.The evaluation equation given by API 579-1 standard also had the problem of too-conservative evaluation results.For the different grade pipeline steels, the evaluation effects of the same evaluation equation were different.
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Application of Dow Chemistry Method in Safety Evaluation of Styrene Tank Farm
Lü Zongyang， Wang Yue， Liao Zihan
2018, 38 (02): 57-60. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.012
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1456KB ) ( ) 　　
The safety of styrene tank farm whose harm was serious was evaluated by Dow Chemistry Method. According to the actual situation of tank farm, the typical storage tanks to be evaluation units were selected, then the risk coefficient of technologies was analyzed, and the fire-explosion index, exposure radius and regions were calculated. The fireexplosion index and class could be effectively reduced by some safety measures compensating. The results showed that this method could comprehensively and effectively evaluate the potential fire and explosion hazards in the styrene tank farm.
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Application of Fuzzy Accident Tree Method in Safety Evaluation of Hydrocracking Unit
Zhao Chuanqi， Zhang Juwei， Zhang Yuanyuan， Wangchen Yushu
2018, 38 (02): 61-65. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.013
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1930KB ) ( ) 　　
The probability of a number of basic events itself was uncertain and fuzzy when the traditional FTA method was used in the practical quantitative analysis quite. It was difficult to obtain the exact probability from failures, which violated the premise of exact probability selected. In order to solve the traditional fault tree analysis (FTA) of the probability the basic event fuzzy and uncertain problems, the concept of fuzzy theory were introduced, and the fuzzy probability was used to deal with the basic events lack of statistical data. The basic events of fuzzy probability were described by using a clear triangular fuzzy number, the fuzzy probability distribution of top event layer by layer was obtained, and the fuzzy importance of each basic event was determined by using fuzzy numbers value method. And the sort of top event of failure factors was obtained, the main factors influencing the accident were identified and effective measures from fundamentally preventive and the key points to control the top event were proposed.
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Analysis of Weld Microstructure and Low Temperature Impact Toughness of 07MnNiCrMoVDR Steel
Lin Yang， Tang Yingchun， Zhu Jian
2018, 38 (02): 66-70. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.014
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3665KB ) ( ) 　　
High strength low alloy 07MnNiCrMoVDR steel was welded by using shielded metal arc welding to form welded joint, weld microstructure observation, fracture surface analysis and low temperature impact toughness were operated to research weld microstructure and low temperature impact toughness. The results showed that weld microstructure was consisted of pre-eutectic ferrite along grain boundary, intragranular acicular ferrite and granular bainite, the acicular ferrite presents redial growth by micro-inclusions. The impact absorbing energy of different weld metal site gradually declined tendency with the depth increasing, and the toughness losses were by 67% in the region of half thickness compared with that of surface location. The impact absorbing energy of weld metal gradually declined tendency with the temperature reducing in the region of a quarter of thickness, and the impact absorbing energy was up to requirements at －40 ℃;The impact fracture of weld metal characterized by concavo convex was changed into flat and smooth with the temperature decreased, and the miro-morphology of fracture was changed form the dimple pattern to rive pattern
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Fault Dependency Detection Method Based on Random Occurrence of Fault Signal
Wang Guoliang， Yi Chenglong
2018, 38 (02): 71-79. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.015
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3143KB ) ( ) 　　
This paper focuses on the fault detection of a class of discrete-time systems with random faults and proposes a fault-dependent approach. Firstly, a mathematical model is constructed to describe the above problems, and the characteristics of fault signals are transformed into matrices containing uncertainties. By constructing a fault detection filter as a residual generator, the fault detection and isolation (FDI) problem is transformed into a H_∞filtering problem. Based on the established model, the  H_∞ performance is analyzed by adopting a fault-dependent method. The parameter-dependent Lyapunov function is selected for processing. On this basis, the existence condition of the fault detection filter is given in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an example is used to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the theoretical results.
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Research on the Integrity Detection of Aluminum Foil Sealing Based on Infrared Imaging Technology
Zhao Shilong, Li Weijun, Shi Chengjiang
2018, 38 (02): 80-84. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.016
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 5658KB ) ( ) 　　
A method for detecting the integrity of aluminum foil seals with high detection accuracy and high detection efficiency is proposed.First of all,in order to obtain the infrared image of the sealing part aluminum foil,the method has adopted the infrared imaging technology.Then，the infrared image is preprocessed and the feature is extracted by circular symmetric Gabor wavelet.Lastly,KNN is used to identify and classify the acquired imaging.Experiments show that the circular symmetric Gabor wavelet used by this sealing detection method has higher recognition rate and faster algorithm than the traditional Gabor transform algorithm, and provides technical assurance for the automatic screening and rejection of defective sealing products in the subsequent aluminum foil sealing production line.
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Research on Path Planning of Welding Robot Based on GA-PSO Algorithm
You Tian， Zhang Wei， Ge Linlin
2018, 38 (02): 85-89. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.017
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2661KB ) ( ) 　　
Welding robots have a wide range of applications in manufacturing industries. There are usually many welded joints in the welding task, and a reasonable welding path passes through these welded joints has a significant impact on the welding efficiency. Traditional manual path planning techniques can handle a small number of welded joints effectively, but when the number of welded joints is large, it is difficult to obtain the optimal path. The traditional manual path planning method is also time consuming and inefficient, and cannot guarantee optimality. Genetic algorithmparticle swarm optimization (GA-PSO) is based on the advantages of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve the welding robot path planning problem. The simulation results indicate that the algorithm has strong searching ability and practicality and is suitable for welding robot path planning.
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Complexity Analysis of Lotka-Volterra Differential Algebraic Model with Competitive Population
Niu Hong,Wang Yidan,Wang He
2018, 38 (02): 90-93. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.018
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1417KB ) ( ) 　　
The Lotka-Volterra predator-prey biological model is mainly studied in this paper by introducing the new population which has no ability to prey the other population to form a simple competition between predator and prey when the number of predators is excessive. Based on above condition, differential algebraic biological model is established according to the conservation. Then, the stability of biological model is discussed when the parameters change in a certain range by applying the stability analysis method and the related criteria of differential algebraic system. Finally, the model is the simulated numerically by considering the results of the analysis and using the Matlab software, and the simulation results show that the system has a limit cycle when the parameters vary a certain value, which proved that the complex nonlinear phenomena exist in the differential algebraic biological model.
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Investigation on Practice about the Construction and Service of Open Ereas in Liaoning Province
Chen Qinghe， Zhang Minghui， Wang Zhipeng
2018, 38 (02): 94-98. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.019
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2043KB ) ( ) 　　
According to the background of views on further strengthening of the urban planning and construction promulgated by the state council, the new open area of the status quo was explored at home and abroad in recent years. And four typical residential areas in A city were taken as examples, combined with investigation in A city, and the pros and cons of the open area were preliminary analyzed. And by using the simulation software to simulate plot open, a variety of factors under the condition of MATLAB mathematical model was established. And before and after the impacts on the surrounding area in the open were quantitatively compared. According to the results, and puts forward the following suggestions: Building the open district should adhere to the peoplecentered principle, should from the laws and regulations, regulatory system, social environment and other aspects to obtain, reasonable planning and construction of the community. The results can provide reference for the construction and management of open community in A city of liaoning province.
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