Applications Development of Sulfonic Acid Calix[n]arene
WangXiaomei,YuQihong,ChenPing
2017, 37 (1): 1-7. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.001
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3246KB ) ( ) 　　
The synthesis of two kinds of water-soluble calixarenes-p-sulfonic acid calyx [n] arene and p-sulfonic acid thiacalixarenes were introduced. The synthesis proposal was  mature and the post-processing was simple. The p-sulfonic acid calyx [n] arene had good thermal stability, which provided a good basis for the subsequent application research. The application of sulfonated calixarenes in catalysis was illustrated. The strong acidic group meet the acid conditions in the catalytic reactions. In addition, compared with other types of acid catalyst, sulfonated calixarene was easy to separate from the reaction mixture and recycle and reuse, so it was a green organic catalyst; Finally, it showed good performance when it was used as the parent compound in coordination, complexation and molecular ion recognition.
 
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Synthesis,Characterization and Catalytic Reaction of UiO-66-NH₂ Supported Pd Catalyst
LiXiang,ZhangYanmei,ZhangJing,et al
2017, 37 (1): 8-13. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672??6952.2017.01.002
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3456KB ) ( ) 　　
The heterogeneous bifunctional catalyst UiO-66NH₂/Pd with Pd nanoparticles has been prepared on metal-organic framework of UiO-66-NH₂ using the impregnation and reduction method. The materials were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Fu Liye transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting material of UiO-66-NH₂/Pd was further evaluated as a potential bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for olefine hydrogenations and Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate. The results showed that the weight percent of Pd in UiO-66-NH₂/Pd was 3.4% and the average Pd particle size of was about 1 nm. The introduction of Pd nanoparticles did not change the framework integrity of UiO-66-NH₂. The resulting bifunctional catalyst of UiO66NH2/Pd was first tested in olefine hydrogenations and the results demonstrated that the material was active and stable as a heterogeneous catalyst. It could be reused for at least 6 times without significant loss of its catalytic performance in styrene hydrogenation. Remarkably, its structure was stable during the reactions. Furthermore, it also showed good activity and recycle stability in Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate.
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Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Anthracene with tert-Butanol
YeJinxin, SunJing, WangXin, ZhouMingdong
2017, 37 (1): 14-17. DOI::0.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.003
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2555KB ) ( ) 　　
Zeolite is an efficient, environment friendly, green and specific space structure solid acid catalyst, which is widely used in petrochemical and organic synthesis. The acidic property of the Hβ zeolite was prepared by using ion-exchange. The Friedel-Crafts reaction of anthracene with tert-butanol catalyzed by the zeolite catalyst was investigated. The products were fully characterized and analyzed by GC-MS, FT-IR, H-NMR and element analysis. The mechanism of this reaction was also proposed. The results showed that the isotcane not only acted as a solvent, but also formed the tert-butyl cation to accelerate the transformation; the zeolite catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity to afford the 2-(tert-butyl)anthracene and 2,6-di-tert-butytylanthracene which had a good industrial application prospects.
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Optimization on the Extraction Conditions of Flavonoids from Cauliflower Using Response Surface Methodology
WangFei, ShanXiantong, ZhangJiajing, WangZhanyong
2017, 37 (1): 18-23. DOI::10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.004
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4421KB ) ( ) 　　
The flavonoids was extracted from cauliflower by using ultrasonicassisted solvent  and the response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions. Firstly, the effects of different extraction factors (ethanol concentration, liquidmaterial ratio, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, bath temperature, bath time and extraction times) on flavonoids yield were studied. And then, Box-Behnken response surface optimization test was carried on the basic of singer factor test result. The optimal conditions were as follows: 65% ethanol, liquid-solid ratio 32∶1 mL/g, ultrasonic power 30 W, ultrasonic time 5 min, bath temperature 50 ℃, bath time 40 min, and extraction time 1. Under this optimum conditions, the actual yield of flavonoids was 1.974 5 mg/g, and it was very close to the prediction value.
 
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Stress Analysis oft he Across Urban Gas PE Pipeline with Fixed Pier Based on the Finite Element Analysis
LiuRui, ZhaoLing, WuMing, LiuGuangxin, SongBoqiang, GaoZiqiao
2017, 37 (1): 24-29. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.005
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 6016KB ) ( ) 　　
Aimed at the mechanical properties research of the polyethylene gas pipeline with the fixed pier had important significance to the urban gas network safety. Based on the theory of the finite element analysis, a simulate model of the polyethylene pipeline was set up. The polyethylene pipeline was simulated by using engineer analysis software ANSYS, the influence of change in the span length, diameter and internal pressure on the deformation and stress of the pipeline were analyzed. The results showed that the midspan deflection of pipeline increased slowly when the span length was below 15 m. But when the span was more than 15 m, the deflection increased sharply. The stress of the pipe also increased with the pipe span increasing. But the growth was stable relatively. Changes of diameter also impacted midspan deflection and stress. The midspan deflection and stress were decreased with the increase of pipe diameter. The internal pressure had little influence on the midspan deflection of the pipeline. But the stress of the pipe increased with the increase of the internal pressure.
 
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Study on Dynamic Leakage of Gas Pipeline
SunYunan, WangYue
2017, 37 (1): 30-33. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.006
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1884KB ) ( ) 　　
The leakage of city gas pipeline was a complicated dynamic leakage after the valve was closed. The gas flow state and gas parameters of the leakage process could change over time. Using the model of pipeline leakage and diffusion, the changes of this process in the place of leak flow and the important parameters of center point pressure leakage were obtained. The important parameters of the leakage process were analyzed by using Origin mathematical analysis software. The results showed that the duration of the subcritical flow stage was 2 times of the critical current duration. The pressure drop rate of the critical flow and subcritical flow two stage were different. The greater was the pressure tubes, decreasing rate of critical flow stage and the greater was subcritical flow stage leakage flow. Although the critical flow stage was shorter, the leakage rate was higher, and the risk of the leakage was relatively higher. The final results could provide reference data for city gas pipeline leakage accident prevention and emergency rescue.
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Study on Temperature Field Reconstruction of Cold and Hot Crude Oil Transportation#br#
DingJinjin, LiuDejun, TangShaomeng, RenShuai, YuHuan
2017, 37 (1): 34-37. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.007
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3588KB ) ( ) 　　
The soil section model of cold and hot oil pipelines was established and the CFD software was used to simulate the variation of soil temperature field in summer and winter and soil temperature field reconstruction. The results showed that the hot oil temperature field was destroyed after 120 h after changing to transport cold oil in winter. In summer, the process was slow due to the ground temperature high and the temperature field could not be completely destroyed. When the accumulation of heat was destroyed in winter, the temperature of the hot oil need be raised to ensure the safety of transporting. Taking the example of Changchun to Jilin pipeline in winter, the accumulation of soil heat was completely destroyed after transporting 240 h cold oil .When it was changed to hot oil, the out-station temperature would be increased to 53 ℃ and transport 30 h, which could return to previously stable oil temperature field. In actual, the results could be used as a reference to ensure the transportation safety.
 
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Adaptability Analysis of Polymer Microsphere Flooding in Low Permeability Reservoir and Reservoir Selection#br#
iaYuqin, YangHaien, ZhangTao, LiJunfeng, LiuZhao
2017, 37 (1): 38-40. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.008
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1571KB ) ( ) 　　
Polymer microspheres are used extensively in oil field which can improve water flooding efficiency of deep profile control agent. In order to better analyze and adjust the effect, an oilfield reservoir geology and characteristic of exploitation and dynamic performance of polymer microspheres after polymer flooding production were classified analysis. The reservoir adaptability and effective characteristics were also investigated. The adaptability of polymer microspheres flooding was analyzed mainly from geological factors, microspheres matching factors, and engineering factors. The results showed that the main object of tapping was the pore fracture type well group which the moisture content was 30%～50%. The matching relations among microspheres and porous reservoir roar radius and the salinity of formation water were considered, the concentration and amount of slug agents need to evaluate specially. The reservoir screening criteria was established based on the adaptability analysis of low permeability reservoir polymer microspheres. The specific screening index limit of formation water mineralization degree, reservoir permeability, and reservoir thickness were given, it provided great insurance for selective microsphere polymer flooding block.
 
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Current Status and Development Approach of Micro-Nano Plugging Agent
MaCheng, HuangJin, KangXiaoxue, LiHao, WangWe
2017, 37 (1): 41-45. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.009
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 3869KB ) ( ) 　　
The development of shale gas resources in China has been in full swing and accessed to strategic breakthroughs which effectively alleviated the contradiction between the demand and supply of clean energy. However, shale formation instability was still a technical difficulty in the operation of drilling fluids. Micro-nano particles received wide attention because it can effectively plug micro-pores in shale formations. In this paper, the importance of micro-nano plugging agent for the stability of shale gas wells was analyzed. The evaluation methods, mechanism, research and application status of micro-nano plugging agents were also discussed. From the point of the interaction between the treating agent and the clay minerals, the research and development of micro-nano plugging agent was put forward. Finally, evaluation medium and methods of micro-nano particles methods were also put forward.
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Effects of Different Clearance and Inlet Flow Rate on the Mixing Characteristics of the Fluid Flow Field of Combined Screws with Tri-Screw Extruder
WangTianshu, WangYuhang, SuHai, ZhuXiangzhe
2017, 37 (1): 46-52. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.010
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 9187KB ) ( ) 　　
The three-dimensional (3D) transient finite element model was established by using Polyflow software. The effects of screw clearance and inlet flow rate of combined screws on the complex flow and mixing characteristics of polymer melt were discussed. The axial velocity, pressure and shear rate distribution of the geometric center region were analyzed through the visual nephograms. Based on the particle tracing method, the post-processing software of statistic analysis was used to analyze the axial pressure, axial area stretching rate, the probability of mixing index, segregation scale, cumulative residence time distribution and residence time distribution in different conditions. The results showed that the increase of the screw clearance could increase the residence time distribution and improve the mixing quality of the product, and the smaller inlet flow mixing effect was more ideal.
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Establishment of the Oil Storage Tank Area F&EI-HAZOP-FTA Comprehensive Evaluation Model
ZhaoChuanqi, ZhangJuwei, ZhangYuanyuan, LiShengwen
2017, 37 (1): 53-60. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.011
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 4300KB ) ( ) 　　
Due to the special nature of oil depot, the occasional accident happening in the oil depot would damage the surrounding facilities, which inevitably would lead to a large number of casualties and property losses masses. To minimize the probability of oil depot safety accidents, the effective evaluation methods should be adopted for the oil depot safety evaluation. DOW was the evaluation method of safety evaluation which was very suitable for oil tank area. But DOW chemical evaluation method also had serious deficiencies. By the detailed analysis of the flaws of the DOW chemical evaluation method on the basis, the F&EI-HAZOP-FTA comprehensive evaluation model was established. Through the model of F&EI-HAZOP and HAZOP-FTA model, the "preliminary evaluation of DOW chemical process risk factors-deviation, protective layer failure probability, DOW chemical actual evaluation" closed-loop channel of data transmission and sharing was found. The safety assessment to oil tank area could be obtained more comprehensive through the model.
 
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Research of Predictive Functional Control Based on Extended NMSS Model
HuangWucheng, SuChengli, ShiHuiyuan, CaiHongbin
2017, 37 (1): 61-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.012
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 2086KB ) ( ) 　　
The predictive functional control algorithm based on extended non-minimal state space model(NMSS) is proposed to solve the problem of big fluctuation of output and large delay. A transfer function model was set up via the step-response then discretized and transformed into state space model.The extended state variables consisted of delayed input and error.To enhance the regularity, quickness and accuracy of the input control variable，the input was expressed as linear combination of some basis function. Finally the control signal can be obtained through the coefficient of basis function. The simulation results showed the proposed algorithm had good control accuracy and tracking ability.   
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Design and Implementation of Digital Oil Depot Based on Arc GIS
XiangNan, LiuDaqian, HuangYue, WangShuai,
2017, 37 (1): 65-69. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.013
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 7235KB ) ( ) 　　
The characteristics and advantages of digital oil depot was introduced. The information management system of digital oil depot was established based on ArcGIS, with geographic information system (GIS) as spatial data management platform and 3D GIS technology as theoretical basis,and with Arccatalog as the spatial data management platform,Arcmap as the production platform of 2D oil depot,Arcscene as 3D oil depot production and display platform. The function of information management, location query and 3D display were realized. The practical example showed that the system was practical and intuitive to display, the work efficiency can be improvedand, which also can provide technical support for improving the management level of oil depot.
 
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Correlation Analysis among Real Estate Development Investment ，GDP and House Price in China
YuDan, QinJie, FangDan, WangBo, KuaiChuting
2017, 37 (1): 70-74. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.014
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 1686KB ) ( ) 　　
In recent years, due to excessive freedom, some real estate developers' speculation and other reasons, the real estate market prices drift influenced national welfare and the people's livelihood. So this problem needed to be solved. In order to explore the deep-seated reasons affecting China's housing prices, study the irrationality of housing prices and solve the problem, the time series data was selected from 2005 to 2014, using E-view analysis software, through cointegration test, Grainger causality test and generalized impulse response function method, analyzes the impact of China's GDP and real estate development investment to changes in prices. The research results showed that China's GDP had long-term stable equilibrium relationship of prices, and price influence of real estate development and investment gradually weakened with the passage of time.  
 
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Empirical Analysis of the Relationship etween Employee Satisfaction and Job Performance of Petrochemical Enterprise#br#
LuanXiuyun, HanDan, YuDan
2017, 37 (1): 75-80. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.015
Abstract ( ) PDF ( 984KB ) ( ) 　　
The multiple linear regression model was established in the base of related theory of employee satisfaction and job performance, designing questionnaire and pre-testing for it, using one-way ANOVA to examine individual differences and analyzing the correlation with the samples of employees in F petrochemical enterprise, to research the relationship between employee satisfaction and job performance. The results showed that educational variables had significant influence on job itself, colleagues, promotion, salary satisfaction and job performance, and a significant positive correlation was observed between five dimensions of satisfaction and two dimensions of job performance.
 
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