Abstract: This work selected and characterized compositions and properties of three types of fatty acid⁃based and three types of fatty acid ester⁃based antiwear agents. Using hydrogenated diesel oil from Hebei Zhongjie Petrochemical Group Co.Ltd as testing model, the lubrication property and anti⁃emulsification capability of six types of antiwear agents were investigated. The results indicate that lubrication property gradually increases with the increasing content of antiwear agent. Monoglyceride antiwear agent shows the best lubrication property. The attrite speckle diameter of model diesel oil reduces from 734 μm to 345 μm, when the volume of Ester⁃type antiwear agent E is 200 mg/kg. Ester⁃type antiwear agent G has lower film formation capability and lubricating property because of lacking -OH polar group. Acid⁃type antiwear agent exhibits better anti⁃emulsification capability than ester⁃type agent with -OH hydrophilic group. Meanwhile, its anti⁃emulsification capability would get worse when HLB value goes up. Mixing the two materials of acid⁃type and ester⁃type antiwear agents can improve anti⁃emulsification capability of diesel oil, but has less impact on its lubricating property whether the agents are mixed or not.

Key words: Diesel, Lubricity, Acid anti?wear agent, Lipid anti?wear agent, Anti?emulsification performance

摘要： 对3种脂肪酸型和3种脂肪酸酯型抗磨剂的性质及组成进行分析表征，并以中捷石化加氢柴油为基础柴油，对6种抗磨剂的润滑性能和抗乳化性能进行了研究。结果表明，随着抗磨剂添加质量分数的增大，柴油的润滑性逐步增强；甘油单酯类抗磨剂的润滑性能较好，6种抗磨剂中以酯型E抗磨剂的润滑性最好，酯型E抗磨剂添加质量分数为200 mg/kg，柴油的磨斑直径由734 μm降到345 μm；由于不含极性基团-OH，酯型G抗磨剂与金属表面成膜性较差，其润滑性能较差。酸型抗磨剂的抗乳化性能较好，而含有亲水基团-OH的酯型抗磨剂抗乳化性能较差，并且随着抗磨剂HLB值的增大，其抗乳化性能逐步变差。酸型与酯型抗磨剂复配使用能够改善柴油的抗乳化性能，其润滑性能与单剂单独使用相当。

关键词: 柴油, 润滑性, 酸型抗磨剂, 酯型抗磨剂, 抗乳化性能