Abstract:

Low⁃molecular⁃weight isomeric decanol polyether and high⁃molecular⁃weight fatty alcohol polyether were synthesized using a calcium sulfate⁃type (JD⁃20S) catalyst. The raw material conversion rate of the isomeric decanol polyether was determined by gas chromatography, and the structure of the fatty alcohol ether product was characterized by FT⁃IR and 1H⁃NMR. Indicators such as the cloud point and surface tension of fatty alcohol block polyether 4# were tested. The foam height, detergency rate, and other parameters of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) compounded with isomeric decanol polyether 2#, fatty alcohol polyether 4#, and fatty alcohol ether AEO9 were investigated. The results showed that in the synthesis reaction of isomeric decanol polyether, when the JD⁃20S catalyst was used, the raw material conversion rate reached 92.91%±0.22% (The number of parallel experiments is N=5), which was 23.32% higher than that of the traditional KOH catalyst, indicating that JD⁃20S possesses both high catalytic activity and excellent narrow⁃distribution performance. The actual structure of the synthesized polyether product was consistent with the theoretical design, proving that the target product was successfully synthesized. The cloud point of polyether 4# was only 15.3 ℃, making it suitable for room⁃temperature washing. When m(LAS)/m(isomeric decanol polyether 2#)/m(fatty alcohol polyether 4#)/m(AEO9)=1.0∶0.5∶1.0∶0.5, the initial foam height was (9.4±0.1) mm, and the detergency rate at 20 ℃ reached (84.56±0.31)%. Fatty alcohol polyether 4# exhibits excellent room⁃temperature foam⁃inhibiting performance. Besides automatic dishwashers, it can also be extended to industrial cleaning applications.

Key words: Narrow distribution catalyst, Conversion rate, Room temperature washing, Anti?foaming

摘要：

用硫酸钙型（JD⁃20S）催化剂合成了低分子质量异构十醇聚醚和高分子质量脂肪醇聚醚。通过气相色谱测定了异构十醇聚醚的原料转化率，并用FT⁃IR和1H⁃NMR对脂肪醇聚醚产物结构进行了表征；测试了脂肪醇嵌段聚醚4#的浊点、表面张力等指标；考察了十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）与异构十醇聚醚2#、脂肪醇聚醚4#以及脂肪醇醚AEO9复配后的泡沫高度、洗净率等参数。结果表明，在异构十醇聚醚合成反应中，当使用JD⁃20S催化剂时，原料的转化率可达92.91%±0.22%(平行实验次数N=5)，较传统KOH催化剂高出23.32%，表明JD⁃20S具有高催化活性和优异的窄分布效果；合成产物聚醚的实际结构与理论设计相符，证明目标产物成功合成；聚醚4#的浊点仅为15.3 ℃，适用于常温洗涤；当m（LAS）/m（异构十醇聚醚2#）/m（脂肪醇聚醚4#）/m（AEO9）=1.0∶0.5∶1.0∶0.5时，初始时泡沫高度为（9.4±0.1）mm，20 ℃洗净率达（84.56±0.31）%，脂肪醇聚醚4#具有优异的常温抑泡性能，除应用于自动洗碗机外，还可拓展其在工业清洗领域的应用。

关键词: 窄分布催化剂, 转化率, 常温洗涤, 抑泡