Abstract: CaO/ZnAlO solid base catalyst was prepared using coprecipitation, impregnation and calcination method. Effects of preparation conditions on the catalytic activity of CaO/ZnAlO solid base in oil alcoholysis were investigated through orthogonal experiments. Optimized conditions obtained were as follows: the first calcination time of 0 h, the second calcination temperature of 750 ℃, the second calcination time of 3 h. When the reaction was carried out at 70 ℃ for 4 h with alcohol/oil molar ratio of 9,catalyst/oil mass ratio of 004, stirring speed of 400 r/min, rapeseed oil conversion arrived at 96.3% in the presence of the CaO/ZnAlO catalyst prepared at optimal conditions. The catalyst and its precursor were characterized using TGDTA, BET, XRD, SEM and Hammett indicator method. Relationship between the structure and the surface properties of the catalyst and its activity was discussed. 

Key words: Calcium oxide,     ,  ZnAl hydrotalcite,    , ZnAl complex oxide,    ,  Solid base,    ,  Catalyst,    ,  Biodiesel

摘要： 采用共沉淀、 浸渍及高温焙烧的方法制备了C a O / Z n - A l - O固体碱催化剂。采用正交试验考察了制备条件对C a O / Z n - A l - O固体碱油脂醇解催化活性的影响, 得到的优化条件为: 一次焙烧时间0h、 二次焙烧温度7 5 0 ℃、 二次焙烧时间3h。以优化条件下制备的C a O / Z n - A l - O固体碱为催化剂, 在n( 醇) / n( 油)=9、 m( 催化剂) / m ( 油)=0. 0 4、 搅拌速率4 0 0r /m i n、 反应温度7 0℃、 反应时间4h的条件下, 菜籽油转化率可达9 6. 3%。采用 TG - DTA、 B E T、 XR D、 S EM 技术及 H a mm e t t指示剂法对催化剂及其前驱体进行了表征。对催化剂结构及表面性质与其活性之间的关系进行了讨论。

关键词: 氧化钙,    ,  , 锌铝水滑石,    ,  , 锌铝复合氧化物,    ,  固体碱,    ,  , 催化剂,    ,  , 生物柴油