Abstract: Influencing factors, changes after adjusting balance, cycle of adjusting balance were researched through analyzing field data. The results show that the balance of oil pumping unit is becoming worse with the increase of oil viscosity and decrease of temperature. The balance of oil wells that just turned into pumping from blowing is bad between 0 and 80 days, fine between 81 and 240 days, and bad again longer than 240 days. The balance of oil pumping unit has no connection with service time of oil pumping unit. The balance of belt type pumping unit is better than that of beam pumping unit. The active power, pump efficiency is improved after adjusting the balance. The electricity consumption is saved by 3.9%~14.2%, that is 11.2~23.2 kW•h with balance improved by 10%~50%. The better the balance is, the more electricity is saved. It is suggested to adjust the balance of the wells that just turned into pumping after one week, while, multiply the adjustment frequency for the high viscosity wells, and 3~4 weeks for the low moderate viscosity wells that operates steadily.

Key words: Oil pumping unit,    ,  Balance,    , Influencing factors,   , Electricity consumption

摘要： 采用现场数据跟踪分析的方法分析了J油田平衡度的影响因素、 平衡度调整前后的变化以及平衡度调整的周期。结果表明, 原油黏度越大, 抽油机井平衡度越低; 对于蒸汽吞吐转抽后的油井, 平衡度在0~8 0d内平衡度较差, 在8 1~2 4 0d内平衡度较好, 在2 4 0d以后平衡度又变得较差; 抽油机使用天数与平衡度关系不大, 皮带式
抽油机比游梁式抽油机的平衡度高; 调整抽油机井平衡, 抽油机的有效功率增加, 泵的充满程度增加, 泵效提高; 平衡度增加1 0%~5 0%, 用电量节省1 1. 2~2 3. 2kW·h, 节省电量3. 9%~1 4. 2%; 随着平衡度差值变大, 抽油机井用电量增加。新一轮注汽结束后, 建议开采7d后开始调节平衡, 对于黏度较大的井, 应当加强平衡度调整频率; 对于生产较稳定, 黏度适中的油井, 每间隔2 1~7 8d调节1次。

关键词: 抽油机,    , 平衡度,    , 影响因素,   , 用电量