Abstract: Heavy oils of Tarim1, Tarim2 and Tarim3 were separated into four subfractions which are Saturate, Aromatic, Resin and nC7 Insoluble (Asphaltene). Nickel, vanadium, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, sodium and lead contents of heavy oils and their subfractions were determinate by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, metal distribution and infrared spectrum analysis were also studied at the same time. The experimental result manifests that: Almost each metal element content is all very low in Saturate and Aromatic, especially vanadium and copper. With the heavier of the fractions, the metal in Resin and Alphatene are all increased sharply. Most metal element is firstly concentrated in their Alphatene fractions secondly in resin in heavy oil. The infrared spectrum of three heavy oils’ Saturate shows that the functional groups in three heavy oils are almost difference, there are two strong absorption peaks between 2 800~3 100 cm-1 and 1 350~1 390 cm-1 ,which are methyl and methylene.

Key words: Heavy oil, Subfraction,    ,  Element ,    ,  Infrared spectrum

摘要： 以塔里木3种稠油为原料, 对稠油进行四组分的分离, 测定了稠油及各组分的C、 H、 S、 N及金属镍、钒、 钙、 铜、 铁、 钾、 钠和铅的含量, 研究了各金属在稠油组分中的分布, 并进行了红外光谱分析。结果表明, 相同条件下, 3种稠油及其四组分在C、 H元素的含量上差别不大, N元素富集在胶质和沥青质中, S元素主要存在于芳香分、胶质及沥青质中, 3种稠油的饱和分中均含有微量的 N、 S元素。在3种稠油中, 各金属元素在饱和分和芳香分中含量很低, 随着组分的变重, 含量急剧增加。3种稠油中的金属元素主要富集在沥青质中, 其次是在胶质中。3种稠油饱和分的官能团种类几乎无差别,稠油的饱和分红外谱图在28 0 0~31 0 0c m-1和13 5 0~13 9 0c m-1出现甲基和亚甲基的强吸收峰。

关键词: 稠油,    , 组分,    ,  元素,    ,  红外光谱