Abstract: The cationic polymer PEA was synthesized by ring-opening reaction and quaterisation with epichlorohydrin and β-hydroxy alkyl propyl ether amine as the main materials. Study on the effect of rate of charge, reaction time and reaction temperature on cationic degree and epoxy value. Capability of adsorption on the sand and anti-swelling resistance were studied. The results show that the best polymerization conditions as follows, reaction temperature is 60 ℃, reaction time is 6 h, the rate of charge of epichlorohydrin toβ-hydroxy alkyl propyletheramine is 2.5∶1. Under these conditions, the cationic degree of PEA is 3.962 mmol/g, epoxy value is 0.12. The best adsorption concentration of PEA on the sand surface is 2 000 mg/L, the best liquid-solid mass ratio is 15∶1, the best adsorption time is 18 h. The PEA has good ability to prevent clay swelling, anti-swelling rate was 87%.

Key words: β-hydroxy alkyl propyl ether amine, Cationic degree, Adsorption capacity

摘要： 以环氧氯丙烷、β-羟基烷基丙基醚胺为原料，经开环反应、季铵化合成了阳离子聚合物PEA，考察反应物投料比、反应时间、反应温度对PEA的阳离子度和环氧值的影响，研究了PEA在砂粒表面的吸附性能和对粘土的防膨性能。结果表明，最佳聚合反应条件为反应温度60 ℃，反应时间6 h，环氧氯丙烷与β-羟基烷基丙基醚胺的物质的量比为2.5∶1。在此条件下所得的阳离子聚合物PEA的阳离子度为3.962 mmol/g，环氧值为0.12。PEA在砂粒表面的最佳吸附质量浓度为2 000 mg/L，最佳液固质量比为15∶1，最佳吸附时间为18 h。PEA 防止粘土膨胀性能良好，防膨率达87%。

关键词: β－羟基烷基丙基醚胺 , 阳离子度 , 吸附量