Abstract: In the grim situation of global water shortages and environmental pollution, it is necessary to find a clean way to obtain clean water. Solar energy is an inexhaustible, clean and pollution⁃free energy source. Its applications include photothermal, photovoltaic, photocatalytic oxidation, etc. Among them, photothermal is the most efficient way of energy conversion. Carbon material, as a material which has been paid attention to in recent years, has many advantages, such as convenient approach, low price and environmental friendliness.The carbon materials and composites with good photothermal effect which have been studied at home and abroad in recent years are reported, and some new research ideas and materials which can be used for photothermal conversion are also reported.

Key words: Solar energy, Water evaporation, Photothermal conversion, Carbon, Biomass

摘要： 在全球水资源短缺与环境污染等严峻形势下，寻求一种清洁的获取洁净水资源的方式是必要的。太阳能作为取之不尽并且清洁无污染的能源，其应用包括光热、光电、光催化氧化等。其中，光热是能源转化效率最高的方式，而碳材料作为近年来受到重视的材料，有着来源广泛、价格便宜且环境友好等诸多优点。主要综述近年国内外研究的具有良好光热效应的碳材料及其复合材料，并且总结了一些新的研究思路和可以应用于光热转换的材料。

关键词: 太阳能, 水蒸发, 光热转换, 碳材料, 生物质