Abstract: Preparation of solid acid catalyst from AlCl3 Lewis acid and montmorillonite by ion exchange method, the effect of modification conditions and exchanger types on catalytic results were also studied. All kinds of physical properties of montmorillonite before and after modification were measured by XRD, shows that the original soil, after treating with Lewis AlCl3, expand its layer space from 1.471 3 to 1.522 5 nm, the surface area of 120 to 239 m2/g, pore volume from 0.140 mL/g to 0.322 mL/g. The catalytic reaction on synthesis of ethylene glycol shows that the optimum condition is as follow: reaction temperature 65 ℃, reaction time 30 min, the amount of catalyst 4%, the ratio of methanol to epoxyethane 4∶1 under normal pressure. In this process, the yield of glycol ethers was 90.5%, conversion rate of ether was 96.0%, the selectivity for single-ether 94.2%, which testified solid acid catalyst is good for synthesis of ethylene glycol.

Key words: Montmorillonite, Lewis acid, Solid acid catalyst, Glycol ethers, Exchanger

摘要： 采用路易斯酸AlCl3与蒙脱土进行离子交换制备固体酸催化剂，研究了改性条件及交换剂类型对催化结果的影响。采用X射线衍射方法分别测定了改性前和改性后蒙脱土的各种物性，并将该固体酸催化剂用于乙二醇醚的制备。蒙脱土经路易斯酸AlCl3处理后，其层间距由1.471 3 nm增加到1.522 5 nm，比表面积由120 m2/g增加到239 m2/g，孔容积由0.140 mL/g增加到0.322 mL/g。成为制备乙二醇醚较好的催化剂。通过实验确定了乙二醇醚制备的最佳反应温度65 ℃、反应时间30 min、催化剂加入量4%(质量分数)以及甲醇与环氧乙烷摩尔比为4∶1，且反应在常压下进行。在此工艺条件下，乙二醇醚的产率为90.5%， 环氧乙烷的转化率为96.0%，催化剂的选择性为94.2%。

关键词: 蒙脱土, 路易斯酸, 固体酸催化剂, 乙二醇醚, 交换剂