Preparation of Cu⁃Doped TiO2 by Sol⁃Gel Method and Its Catalytic Performance

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2026.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, Cu⁃doped TiO₂ photocatalysts were prepared by the sol⁃gel method using tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source and copper(II) chloride dihydrate as the copper source. Their phase composition, morphology, and surface chemical composition were characterized by XRD, SEM, and XPS; photoelectrochemical tests were conducted to investigate the photoelectrocatalytic properties of the materials, and Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as the target pollutant to evaluate their photo⁃Fenton catalytic performance,the mechanism by which Cu doping enhances the photo⁃Fenton activity of TiO₂ was also elucidated. The results show that 5% Cu⁃TiO₂ exhibits the best performance for RhB degradation, with a degradation rate constant 7.0 times that of TiO₂. This enhancement is mainly attributed to Cu doping, which introduces impurity energy levels into TiO₂, significantly narrows the band gap, and extends the photoresponse into the visible⁃light region, thereby improving the photo⁃Fenton catalytic performance.

Key words: TiO₂, Cu doping, Sol?gel method, Rhodamine B, Photo?Fenton performance

摘要：

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源、二水合氯化铜为铜源，采用溶胶⁃凝胶法制备了Cu掺杂TiO2光催化材料，并利用XRD、SEM和XPS等手段对其物相结构、形貌及表面化学组成进行表征；通过光电化学测试研究了材料的光电催化特性，同时以罗丹明B（RhB）为目标污染物，评估了其光芬顿催化性能，并阐述了Cu掺杂增强TiO2光芬顿活性的机制。结果表明，掺杂量为5%的Cu⁃TiO2在降解RhB过程中表现出最优性能，其降解速率常数为TiO2的7.0倍；Cu的掺杂在TiO2中引入杂质能级，可显著减小带隙宽度，成功将光响应范围拓展至可见光区，从而有效提升光芬顿催化性能。

关键词: TiO₂, Cu掺杂, 溶胶?凝胶法, 罗丹明B, 光芬顿性能

CLC Number:

TE09

Chenyang WANG, Guangpu YAN, Xiaohui ZHOU, Fangfang WANG, Changdong CHEN. Preparation of Cu⁃Doped TiO₂ by Sol⁃Gel Method and Its Catalytic Performance[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2026, 46(5): 8-15.

王晨阳, 闫广璞, 周晓慧, 王芳芳, 陈常东. 溶胶⁃凝胶法制备Cu掺杂TiO₂及其催化性能[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2026, 46(5): 8-15.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 XRD patterns of TiO2， 5%Cu?TiO2 and 9%Cu?TiO2

Fig.2 SEM images of TiO? and 5%Cu?TiO?

Fig.3 XPS spectra of TiO2 and 5%Cu?TiO2

Fig.4 Photo?Fenton degradation efficiency profiles of the samples

Fig.5 Photoelectrochemical measurements of the samples

Fig.6 Optical characterizations of the samples

Fig.7 Mott?Schottky curves of the samples under different frequency conditions

Fig.8 Band?structure diagram of the samples

Fig.9 Photo?Fenton mechanism diagram of Cu?TiO2

Fig.10 Results of active species ·OH trapping experiments

Fig.11 Degradation of multiple pollutants by 5%Cu?TiO2

Fig.12 Photo?Fenton degradation performance of 5%Cu?TiO2 during cycling tests

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Preparation of Cu⁃Doped TiO₂ by Sol⁃Gel Method and Its Catalytic Performance

溶胶⁃凝胶法制备Cu掺杂TiO₂及其催化性能

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