Abstract: Solid acid catalyst NaHSO₄·SiO₂ was prepared by sol-gel method from NaHSO₄·SiO₂, TEOS and isopropyl alcohol, and applied in the biodiesel production with the esterification reaction of oleic acid and methanol. The factors including catalyst calcination temperature, NaHSO₄ loading, reaction time, catalyst amount, reactants molar ratio methanol to oleic acid on the biodiesel yield were investigated. The experimental results show that solid acid catalyst NaHSO₄·SiO₂ has high catalytic activity, the esterification reaction conversion can reach 95.19% under the following optimal conditions: catalyst calcination temperature 200 ℃, NaHSO₄ loading 15.0%, reaction time of 5.0 h, n(methanol)∶n(oleic acid)= 10∶1 and weight ratio of catalyst to oleic acid 10∶1. 

Key words: Biodiesel ,  NaHSO4·SiO2 , Esterification ,  Sol-gel

摘要：         以NaHSO₄·H₂O、正硅酸乙酯和异丙醇为原料，经溶胶—凝胶法制备固体酸催化剂（NaHSO₄·SiO₂），进行了利用此催化剂催化油酸与甲醇的酯反应制备生物柴油的实验，研究了催化剂焙烧温度、NaHSO₄负载量、反应时间、催化剂质量分数、甲醇与油酸物质的量比等对油酸转化率的影响。实验结果表明：固体酸催化剂NaHSO₄·SiO₂在油酸与甲醇的酯化反应中具有很高的催化活性，当催化剂焙烧温度为２００℃、NaHSO₄负载量为１５％、ｎ（甲醇）:ｎ（油酸）＝１０:１、催化剂质量占油酸质量的１０％、反应时间５ｈ时，酯化反应转化率可达９５．１９％。

关键词: 生物柴油 , ＮａＨＳＯ_４·ＳｉＯ_２ , 　酯化反应, 　溶胶－凝胶