Abstract: Based on the theory of petroleum disperse system, three kinds of additives with good capability to keep the feedstock active were selected through the viscosity changes of raw materials. The results of experiment indicate that the additive can change the dispersion degree of the petroleum disperse system. When adding the no. 3 additive 0.1%, the solidifying point, refractive index and conductivity of the sample are the minimum, that is, the system is just in the optimum active state. The effect of three kinds of additives to catalytic cracking of the samples of Daqing crude mixes with 26% residue using fluid fixed bed. When temperature is 500 ℃, feedstock is 13.5~14.5 g, catalyst/oil ratio is 6, LHSV is 20 h-1, the yield of dry gas decreases by 2.5%~3.0%, coke yields decrease by 1.5%~2.5%, LPG yield increases by 2.5%~3.5%, gasoline yield increases by 2.5% ~ 3.5%, and the yield of diesel decreases slightly.

Key words: Additive, Catalytic cracking, Petroleum disperse system, Active state

摘要： 根据石油分散体系理论，用粘度法测定添加添加剂的原料粘度的变化，筛选出使原料处于活化状态的1#、2#和3#添加剂。实验结果表明，原料中加入添加剂可调整石油分散体系的活化状态，当加入质量分数为0.1%的3#添加剂时，试样的凝点、折射率、电导率最小，即体系处于最佳活化状态。用固定流化床催化裂化装置研究了加入1#、2#和3#添加剂对大庆蜡油掺质量分数为26％渣油催化裂化的影响。在反应温度为500 ℃，进料量为13.5~14.5 g，剂油比为6，空速为20 h-1，可使催化裂化反应的干气产率降低了2.5％~3.0％，焦炭降低了1.5％~2.5％，液化气收率提高了2.5％~3.5％，汽油收率提高了2.5％~3.5％，柴油收率略有降低。

关键词: 添加剂, 催化裂化, 石油分散体系, 活化状态