Abstract: New carbon-based solid acid catalyst was synthesized from starch and p-toluene sulfonic acid，and applied for the preparation of biodiesel with soybean oil and ethanol. The effect of reaction conditions such as the reaction time, reaction temperature, the molar ratio of ethanol with soybean oil, the amount of catalyst to the yield of biodiesel was investigated. The new carbon-based solid acid catalyst shows high catalytic activity and good stability, and can easily be separated from the products. The optimal conditions are: the molar ratio of ethanol to soybean oil 8∶1, the amount of catalyst is the quality of soybean oil 7.0%（w）, reaction time 8 h , reaction temperature 80 ℃. Under optimum condition, the yield of biodiesel could reach 67.4%.

Key words: Carbon-based solid acid, Transesterification, Biodiesel, Starch, P-toluene sulfonic acid

摘要： 利用淀粉和对甲基苯磺酸合成了新型碳基固体酸催化剂，并将它应用于大豆油与乙醇的酯交换反应制备生物柴油。考察了反应时间、反应温度、醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量及使用次数等因素对生物柴油收率的影响。结果表明，新型碳基固体酸催化剂对大豆油与乙醇酯交换反应有很高的催化活性，易于分离，具有良好的稳定性。最佳反应条件为：醇油摩尔比为8∶1，催化剂质量分数为7.0% ，反应时间8 h，反应温度为80 ℃，该条件下生物柴油的质量收率可达 67.4%。

关键词: 碳基固体酸, 酯交换, 生物柴油, 淀粉；对甲基苯磺酸