Research Progress on Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites Modified by Porous Materials

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2025.01.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites with light weight and high strength are widely used in aerospace, transportation, energy and other fields. The composition and structure of the interface are the main factors affecting the physical and chemical properties of composites. Surface modification of carbon fiber is one of the most effective ways to enhance the interfacial properties and mechanical properties of carbon fiber composites. In recent years, it's been found that porous materials with large specific surface area and diverse structures can improve the surface energy and surface roughness of carbon fibers and improve the interfacial properties of composites. This paper briefly introduces the modification of carbon fiber with different kinds of porous materials in recent years, and summarizes the interfacial strengthening effect of carbon fiber composites, which provides reference significance for the future research of porous materials reinforced carbon fiber composites.

Key words: Carbon fiber, Porous materials, Composites, Interfacial properties, Mechanical properties

摘要：

质轻、高强的碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料在航空航天、交通运输、能源等领域中得到广泛的应用。界面组成及结构是影响碳纤维复合材料物理化学性能的主要因素，碳纤维表面改性是增强碳纤维复合材料界面性能与力学性能最有效的途径之一。近年来的研究结果表明，比表面积较大、结构多样的多孔材料可以提高碳纤维的表面能和表面粗糙度，能够改善复合材料的界面性能。对近些年用不同种类的多孔材料改性碳纤维的研究成果进行了简单介绍，并总结了其对碳纤维复合材料的界面增强效果，以期为未来多孔材料增强碳纤维复合材料的研究提供参考。

关键词: 碳纤维, 多孔材料, 复合材料, 界面性能, 力学性能

CLC Number:

TQ317

Bin SUN, Xiaoyu LI, Peng CHEN, Zhaolong LIAN, Caifeng WANG. Research Progress on Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites Modified by Porous Materials[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2025, 45(1): 33-40.

孙彬, 李晓屿, 陈鹏, 廉兆龙, 王彩凤. 多孔材料改性碳纤维及其增强复合材料界面性能研究进展[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2025, 45(1): 33-40.

Figures/Tables 2

References 50

1	HIREMATH N， MAYS J， BHAT G. Recent developments in carbon fibers and carbon nanotube⁃based fibers： A review［J］. Polymer Reviews， 2017， 57（2）： 339⁃368.
2	董罡，宋卓彦，何春晖，等. 新型碳纤维复合导电材料的制备以及性能研究［J］. 当代化工， 2019， 48（6）： 1267⁃1271.
	DONG G， SONG Z Y， HE C H， et al. Study on preparation and properties of new carbon fiber composite conductive material［J］. Contemporary Chemical Industry， 2019， 48（6）： 1267⁃1271.
3	王军照. 碳纤维复合材料在航空领域中的应用现状及改进［J］. 今日制造与升级， 2020（8）： 48⁃49.
	WANG J Z. Application status and improvement of carbon fiber composites in aviation field［J］. Manufacture & Upgrading Today， 2020（8）： 48⁃49.
4	李娜，李晓屿，黄玉东，等. 基于电泳沉积法碳纤维表面改性的研究进展及应用［J］. 高分子通报， 2021（2）： 29⁃37.
	LI N， LI X Y， HUANG Y D， et al. Research progress and application of carbon fiber surface modification based on electrophoretic deposition［J］. Chinese Polymer Bulletin， 2021（2）： 29⁃37.
5	CALIMAN R. Study on the kinetics of the chemical vapor deposition process for the coating of carbon fibers from the structure of composites materials with metal and non⁃metal matrix［J］. IOP Conference Series： Materials Science and Engineering， 2021， 1182（1）： 109197.
6	李君，矫维成，闫美玲，等. 碳纳米材料接枝碳纤维的复合材料界面增效研究进展［J］. 玻璃钢/复合材料， 2018（1）： 108⁃113.
	LI J， JIAO W C， YAN M L， et al. Research progress on composite interface design of grafting carbon nanomaterials onto carbon fibers［J］. Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites， 2018（1）： 108⁃113.
7	马媛媛，王江涛，党建蓉，等. 碳纤维表面化学结构对其增强环氧树脂基复合材料性能的分子动力学模拟［J］. 中国胶粘剂， 2023， 32（9）： 21⁃26.
	MA Y Y， WANG J T， DANG J R， et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of the properties of epoxy resin composite material reinforced by surface chemical structure of carbon fiber［J］. China Adhesives， 2023， 32（9）： 21⁃26.
8	张宋茂苗，张罡，赵平，等. 碳纤维复合材料在不同温度下的性能差异［J］. 辽宁化工， 2023， 52（9）： 1365⁃1369.
	ZHANG S M M， ZHANG G， ZHAO P， et al. Performance differences of carbon fiber composites at different temperatures［J］. Liaoning Chemical Industry， 2023， 52（9）： 1365⁃1369.
9	任明伟，自雅娴，张莹，等. 氧化石墨烯的尺寸对碳纤维/环氧树脂湿热界面性能的影响［J］. 材料工程， 2023， 51（9）： 208⁃216.
	REN M W， ZI Y X， ZHANG Y， et al. Influence of size of graphene oxide on interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin under damp and heat conditions［J］. Journal of Materials Engineering， 2023， 51（9）： 208⁃216.
10	汪莹，李敏，李桃山，等. 基于拉伸载荷的碳纤维/环氧树脂层合板疲劳断裂机理［J］. 塑料科技， 2023， 51（8）： 37⁃42.
	WANG Y， LI M， LI T S， et al. Fatigue fracture mechanism of carbon fiber/epoxy laminates based on tensile loading［J］. Plastics Science and Technology， 2023， 51（8）： 37⁃42.
11	QIAN H， BISMARCK A， GREENHALGH E S， et al. Carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibres： A study of wetting and fibre fragmentation［J］. Composites Part A： Applied Science and Manufacturing， 2010， 41（9）： 1107⁃1114.
12	武栋良. 纳米材料接枝改性碳纤维及其界面活化设计［D］. 青岛：山东科技大学， 2020.
13	SAMSUR R， RANGARI V K， JEELANI S， et al. Fabrication of carbon nanotubes grown woven carbon fiber/epoxy composites and their electrical and mechanical properties［J］. Journal of Applied Physics， 2013， 113（21）： 214903.
14	GANGINENI P K， YANDRAPU S， GHOSH S K， et al. Mechanical behavior of raphene decorated carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites： An assessment of the influence of functional groups［J］. Composites Part A： Applied Science and Manufacturing， 2019， 122： 36⁃44.
15	ALTIN Y， YILMAZ H， UNSAL O F， et al. Graphene oxide modified carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites［J］. Journal of Polymer Engineering， 2020， 40（5）： 415⁃420.
16	WANG C F， ZHAO M， LI J， et al. Silver nanoparticles/graphene oxide decorated carbon fiber synergistic reinforcement in epoxy⁃based composites［J］. Polymer， 2017， 131： 263⁃271.
17	DONG J D， JIA C Y， WANG M Q， et al. Improved mechanical properties of carbon fiber⁃reinforced epoxy composites by growing carbon black on carbon fiber surface［J］. Composites Science and Technology， 2017， 149： 75⁃80.
18	WANG J， MA C G， CHEN G， et al. Interlaminar fracture toughness and conductivity of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite laminate modified by carbon black⁃loaded polypropylene non⁃woven fabric interleaves［J］. Composite Structures， 2020， 234： 111649.
19	ZHAO Z B， TENG K Y， LI N， et al. Mechanical， thermal and interfacial performances of carbon fiber reinforced composites flavored by carbon nanotube in matrix/interface［J］. Composite Structures， 2017， 159： 761⁃772.
20	刘玉婷，李璐，王嘉沛，等. 碳纳米管对炭纤维/聚碳酸酯复合材料界面结合性能的影响［J］. 新型碳材料， 2021， 36（3）： 639⁃648.
	LIU Y T， LI L， WANG J P， et al. Effect of carbon nanotubes on interfacial properties of a carbon fiber/polycarbonate composite［J］. New Carbon Materials， 2021， 36（3）： 639⁃648.
21	LONG C M， NASCARELLA M A， VALBERG P A. Carbon black vs. black carbon and other airborne materials containing elemental carbon： Physical and chemical distinctions［J］. Environmental Pollution， 2013， 181： 271⁃286.
22	GAO B， ZHANG R L， HE M S， et al. Effect of a multiscale reinforcement by carbon fiber surface treatment with graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of reinforced carbon/carbon composites［J］. Composites Part A： Applied Science and Manufacturing， 2016， 90： 433⁃440.
23	张思思，袁岚，卞雯，等. 新型多孔材料的合成及应用研究进展［J］. 工业催化， 2023， 31（1）： 22⁃28.
	ZHANG S S， YUAN L， BIAN W， et al. Progresson synthesis and application of new porous materials［J］. Industrial Catalysis， 2023， 31（1）： 22⁃28.
24	CHEN H， LIU X F， LI H Y， et al. Rational designed isostructural MOF for the charge⁃discharge behavior study of super capacitors［J］. Nano Research， 2022， 15（7）： 6208⁃6212.
25	CHEN C L， MENG L K， ALALOUNR M R， et al. Ultra⁃highly active Ni⁃doped MOF⁃5 heterogeneous catalysts for ethylene dimerization［J］. Small， 2023， 19（25）： 2301235.
26	YANG C R， CHENG P W， TSENG S F. Highly responsive and selective NO₂ gas sensors based on titanium metal organic framework （Ti⁃MOF） with pyromellitic acid［J］. Sensors and Actuators A： Physical， 2023， 354： 114301.
27	曲静，李秦伟. MOFs材料研究进展［J］. 当代化工， 2019， 48（4）： 819⁃824.
	QU J， LI Q W. Research progress of MOFs materials［J］. Contemporary Chemical Industry， 2019， 48（4）： 819⁃824.
28	张维东，郑青榕，王泽浩，等. 甲烷在MOF⁃5和MOF⁃199上的吸附平衡［J］. 天然气化工（C1化学与化工）， 2019， 44（6）： 45⁃51.
	ZHANG W D， ZHENG Q R， WANG Z H， et al. Adsorption equilibrium of methane on MOF⁃5 and MOF⁃199［J］. Natural Gas Chemical Industry， 2019， 44（6）： 45⁃51.
29	ZHAN Y X， WANG Y T， WANG M， et al. Improving the curing and mechanical properties of short carbon fibers/epoxy composites by grafting Nano ZIF⁃8 on fibers［J］. Advanced Materials Interfaces， 2020， 7（2）： 1901490.
30	BROZEK C K， MICHAELIS V K， ONG T C， et al. Dynamic DMF binding in MOF⁃5 enables the formation of metastable cobalt⁃substituted MOF⁃5 analogues［J］. ACS Central Science， 2015， 1（5）： 252⁃260.
31	OUYANG H B， ZHOU M， FEI J， et al. Grafting the buffer interphase "MOF⁃5" for acquiring carbon fiber reinforced composite with excellent mechanical and tribological properties［J］. Journal of Applied Polymer Science， 2022， 139（3）： 51493.
32	LI Y， JIANG B， HUANG Y D. Constructing nanosheet⁃like MOF on the carbon fiber surfaces for improving the interfacial properties of carbo fiber /epoxy composites［J］. Applied Surface Science， 2020， 514： 145870.
33	YANG X B， JIANG X， HUANG Y D， et al. Building nanoporous metal organic frameworks "Armor" on fibers for high⁃performance composite materials［J］. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces， 2017， 9（6）： 5590⁃5599.
34	ZHANG X， XU J， LIU X Y， et al. Metal organic framework⁃derived three⁃dimensional graphene⁃supported nitrogen⁃doped carbon nanotube spheres for electromagnetic wave absorption with ultralow filler mass loading［J］. Carbon， 2019， 155： 233⁃242.
35	ZHENG M， XU L， CHEN C， et al. MOFs and GO⁃based composites as deliberated materials for the adsorption of various water contaminants［J］. Separation and Purification Technology， 2022， 294： 121187.
36	LI Q Z， SUN Y H， LI G， et al. Enhancing interfacial and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of carbon fiber composites via the hierarchical assembly of the MWNT/MOF interphase［J］. Langmuir， 2022， 38（46）： 14277⁃14289.
37	LIU H S， ZHAO Y， LI N， et al. Enhanced interfacial strength of carbon fiber/PEEK composites using a facile approach via PEI&ZIF⁃67 synergistic modification［J］. Journal of Materials Research and Technology， 2019， 8（6）： 6289⁃6300.
38	MA S S， FEI J， YAN J F， et al. Organic⁃inorganic interface enhancement for boosting mechanical and tribological performances of carbon fiber reinforced composites［J］. Journal of Applied Polymer Science， 2024， 141： e54855.
39	GUO F Y， CHEN J L， WU T Y， et al. Establishment of a novel hierarchical structure based on metal⁃organic framework on the surface of carbon fibers for improving interfacial properties［J］. Journal of Solid State Chemistry， 2022， 314： 123392.
40	CHEN X， DUMÉE L F. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane （POSS） Nano⁃Composite separation membranes——A review［J］. Advanced Engineering Materials， 2019， 21（2）： 1800667.
41	LI Z， HU J F， YANG L， et al. Integrated POSS⁃dendrimer nanohybrid materials： Current status and future perspective［J］. Nanoscale， 2020， 12（21）： 11395⁃11415.
42	SHANG Q Q， HU L H， YANG X H， et al. Superhydrophobic cotton fabric coated with tannic acid/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for highly effective oil/water separation［J］. Progress in Organic Coatings， 2021， 154： 106191.
43	WANG J， ZAIDI S S A， HASNAIN A， et al. Multitargeting peptide⁃functionalized star⁃shaped copolymers with comblike structure and a POSS⁃Core to effectively transfect endothelial cells［J］. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering， 2018， 4（6）： 2155⁃2168.
44	MA L C， ZHU Y Y， WANG M Z， et al. Enhancing interfacial strength of epoxy resin composites via evolving hyperbranched amino⁃terminated POSS on carbon fiber surface［J］. Composites Science and Technology， 2019， 170： 148⁃156.
45	ZHANG C X， WU G S， JIANG H. Tuning interfacial strength of silicone resin composites by varying the grafting density of octamaleamic acid⁃POSS modified onto carbon fiber［J］. Composites Part A： Applied Science and Manufacturing， 2018， 109： 555⁃563.
46	ZHANG R L， GAO B， DU W T， et al. Enhanced mechanical properties of multiscale carbon fiber/epoxy composites by fiber surface treatment with graphene oxide/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane［J］. Composites Part A： Applied Science and Manufacturing， 2016， 84： 455⁃463.
47	SHEN W Q， MA R N， DU A， et al. Effect of carbon nanotubes and octa⁃aminopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on the surface behaviors of carbon fibers and mechanical performance of composites［J］. Applied Surface Science， 2018， 447： 894⁃901.
48	YANG X B， DU H P， LI S W， et al. Codepositing mussel⁃inspired nanohybrids onto one⁃dimensional fibers under "green" conditions for significantly enhanced surface/interfacial properties［J］. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering， 2018， 6（3）： 4412⁃4420.
49	WU D L， LIU X D， SHENG Y J， et al. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane encountering tannic acid： A mild and efficient strategy for interface modification on carbon fiber composites［J］. Langmuir， 2022， 38（27）： 8334⁃8341.
50	WU Q， YANG X， HE J Q， et al. Improved interfacial adhesion of epoxy composites by grafting porous graphene oxide on carbon fiber［J］. Applied Surface Science， 2022， 573： 151605.

[1]	Zhen XUE, Jianhua QIAN, Zenghua ZHAO. Mechanical Properties of Graphene/Polypropylene Composites [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2025, 45(1): 27-32.
[2]	Xizhi WANG, Yongqi WANG, Mengjiao ZHAO, Wenquan JIANG. Study on the Torsion Strength of Copper Nanowires in Different Crystal Arrangement Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2024, 44(4): 67-74.
[3]	Ruixiang FENG, Mengqi MA, Xuebin LANG, Yuexin HU, Xiangyan HAN, Hongwei XU. Effect of Glass Fiber Mass Fraction on Properties of Nylon 6/Glass Fiber Composites [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2024, 44(3): 23-29.
[4]	Junru Zhang, Baoyin Lu, Jinquan Li, Yuning Zan, Wenguang Wang. Microstructure and High Temperature Mechanical Properties of In⁃Suit Nano⁃Particles Reinforced Al Matrix Composites [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2023, 43(2): 26-34.
[5]	Zhentong Dong, Xianming Meng, Jianjun Guan, Yan Zhao. Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Model of Double Phase Steel HC420/780DP [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2023, 43(1): 61-66.
[6]	Hua Li, Yutian Zhu, Guiyan Zhao. Research Progress of Conductive Polymer Flexible Strain Sensing Materials [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2022, 42(2): 44-49.
[7]	Cheng Jianqiang， Wang Wenguang， Han Jie. Research Progress on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement⁃Based Composites [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2021, 41(3): 33-42.
[8]	Chen Luchan，Xiao Yan，Fu Chuanyu，Hu Yuexin，Han Xiangyan. Properties of Indonesian Oil Sand Tailings/Polyethylene Composites [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2019, 39(5): 40-44.
[9]	Zheng Quan,Fang Wenchao,et al. Preparation and Performance of Polyaniline Intercalated Molybdenum Trioxide Composites Photocatalysts [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2017, 37(2): 1-4.
[10]	Fu Liang,Zhang Guofu,Liu Dan. Three Reminders Pressure Inlet Filter Short Cracking Failure Analysis [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2017, 37(2): 48-53.
[11]	Gao Mingguang, Zhang Cuicui, He Wanqiu, Cheng Zhifei, Zhu Xiangzhe. Numerical Simulation of Reaction Process for Preparing PP/TiO₂ Nanocomposites in Twin Screw Extruder [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2016, 36(4): 47-53.