辽宁石油化工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 16-22.DOI: 10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2026.04.003

• 材料科学与新能源 • 上一篇    下一篇

(B4C+Cf)/Al复合材料的制备及其性能

杜佳琪(), 冯嘉星, 王萌, 姚彦桃()   

  1. 辽宁石油化工大学 环境与安全工程学院,辽宁 抚顺 113001
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-03 修回日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 姚彦桃
  • 作者简介:杜佳琪(1998-),女,硕士研究生,从事安全工程材料的制备、组织和性能表征方面的研究;E⁃mail:djq8012@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51901095)

Preparation and Properties of (B4C+Cf)/Al Composites

Jiaqi DU(), Jiaxing FENG, Meng WANG, Yantao YAO()   

  1. School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun Liaoning 113001,China
  • Received:2025-09-03 Revised:2025-11-03 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-07-20
  • Contact: Yantao YAO

摘要:

为解决(B4C+Cf)/Al复合材料制备过程中增强相和铝基体之间润湿性较差、易生成Al4C3脆性相的问题,以高熔点且与铝不互熔的Ti颗粒为诱发浸渗剂,在碳纤维表面通过化学镀涂覆Cu镀层,并采用金属诱发原位反应浸渗技术,实现了该复合材料的高效率、低成本的近终成形制备。分别在850、900、950 ℃的制备温度下保温90 min,成功制备(B4C+Cf)/Al复合材料,并利用SEM、XRD及万能试验机,对复合材料的微观组织、生成物相、压缩性能和抗弯性能进行了表征。结果表明,铝熔体可成功浸渗陶瓷预制块,制得轻质铝基复合材料,其密度为2.80~2.85 g/cm3;XRD检测出Al、B4C、AlB2、Al3BC、TiB2、TiC相,未出现Al4C3脆性相;随着制备温度从850 ℃升高至950 ℃,复合材料的抗压强度从290 MPa降至172 MPa,抗弯强度从233.69 MPa提升至375.44 MPa;制备温度越高,所制备复合材料的撕裂棱越多,裂纹萌生位置由增强相与基体的界面逐渐转向基体或增强相内部。

关键词: 铝基复合材料, 化学镀, 润湿性, 微观组织, 生成物相, 压缩性能, 抗弯性能

Abstract:

To address the poor wettability between the reinforcing phases and the aluminum matrix, as well as the tendency to form brittle Al4C3 phase during the preparation of (B4C+Cf)/Al composites, Ti particles with high melting point and immiscible with aluminum were used as the inducing infiltration agent, and chemical plating was also employed to coat the surface of carbon fibers with Cu. Thus the efficient and low?cost near?final forming preparation of this composite material was achieved through the metal?induced in?situ reactive infiltration technology. (B4C+Cf)/Al composite materials were prepared by holding at 850 ℃, 900 ℃, and 950 ℃ for 90 minutes, respectively. The microstructure, produced phases, compressive properties, and bending resistance of the composites were characterized using SEM, XRD, and a universal testing machine respectively. The results show that the aluminum melt can successfully infiltrate the ceramic preform to produce lightweight aluminum matrix composites with a density ranging from 2.80 g/cm3 to 2.85 g/cm3. XRD test on the composites revealed the presence of Al, B4C, AlB2, Al3BC, TiB2, and TiC phases, but no brittle Al4C3 phase was observed. As the preparation temperature increased from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃, the compressive strength of the composites decreased from 290 MPa to 172 MPa, while the bending strength increased from 233.69 MPa to 375.44 MPa. The bending fracture morphology of the composites indicates that the higher the preparation temperature, the more tear edges are present in the prepared composites, and the location where cracks initiate gradually shifts from the interface between the reinforcing phases and the matrix to the interior of the matrix or the reinforcing phases.

Key words: Aluminum matrix composites, Chemical plating, Wettability, Microstructure, Produced phases, Compressive, Flexural properties

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引用本文

杜佳琪, 冯嘉星, 王萌, 姚彦桃. (B4C+Cf)/Al复合材料的制备及其性能[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2026, 46(4): 16-22.

Jiaqi DU, Jiaxing FENG, Meng WANG, Yantao YAO. Preparation and Properties of (B4C+Cf)/Al Composites[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2026, 46(4): 16-22.

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