柔性质子交换膜的研究进展

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2024.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现可持续发展，人类对清洁能源的需求不断增加。在众多新型能量存储与转化装置中，质子交换膜燃料电池因具有可将化学能高效、安全地直接转化为电能、应用场景广泛等优点备受关注，而质子交换膜是其核心部件，质子电导率以及机械强度相互制约等问题成为困扰其发展的主要难题。虽然关于质子交换膜单一性能的提高研究已经取得了重要的阶段性成果，但是其关键技术性能相互制约的问题仍困扰其发展，并影响燃料电池的进一步商业化。发展柔性质子交换膜是解决此技术难题的主要策略。基于此，从柔性聚合物材料、结构优化、柔性添加体设计三个方面综述了近年来国内外关于柔性质子交换膜的研究进展，期待为突破柔性质子交换膜的性能瓶颈提供启发。

关键词: 柔性质子交换膜, 柔性聚合物, 结构优化, 燃料电池

Abstract:

At present, the demand for clean energy is constantly increasing to achieve sustainable development of human society. Among numerous new energy storage and conversion devices, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, PEMFCs have been considered to have the merits of high efficiency, safety and wide application, etc. The proton exchange membrane is the core component of PEMFCs. However, the trade?off of proton conductivity and mechanical strength has become the primary challenge to hinder the development of proton exchange membranes. Although significant progress has been made in improving the single performance, the mutual constraints of key technical properties restrict the development of proton exchange membranes. Most importantly, the road to the commercialization of fuel cells is thus tortuous. We believe that the development of flexible proton exchange membranes is a main strategy to solve this technical challenge. Based on this, this article summarizes the recent research progress on flexible proton exchange membranes,including flexible polymer materials, structural optimization, and flexible additive design, expecting to provide inspiration for breaking through the performance bottleneck of flexible proton exchange membranes.

Key words: Flexible proton exchange membrane, Flexible polymer, Structure optimization, Fuel cell

中图分类号:

TQ050

高伟民, 王吉林, 车全通. 柔性质子交换膜的研究进展[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2024, 44(6): 32-41.

Weimin GAO, Jilin WANG, Quantong CHE. Research Progress of Flexible Proton Exchange Membranes[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2024, 44(6): 32-41.

图/表 12

图1 PPP多层膜的制备工艺[2]

Fig.1 Process of preparing PPP multilayer membrane[2]

图2 PI?GC膜的整体制作过程和独特的形态[3]

Fig.2 Schematic representations depicting the overall fabrication procedure and unique morphology of PI?GC membrane[3]

图3 (K/PA/S)3/PA复合膜中质子传导机理示意图[7]

Fig.3 Diagrammatic sketch of the proposed proton conduction mechanism in the (K/PA/S)3/PA membrane[7]

图4 磺酰亚胺二酸单体SIDA和刚性FPS与刚性?柔性杂化FOS聚酰胺磺酰亚胺共聚物的合成[8]

Fig.4 Synthesis of the sulfonimide diacid monomer SIDA and rigid FPS and rigid?flexible hybrid FOS polyamide?sulfonimide copolymers[8]

图5 嵌段共聚苯并咪唑的合成[9]

Fig.5 Synthesis of the segmented block copolybenzimidazoles[9]

图6 磺化聚芳醚砜?b?聚丁二烯的合成[10]

Fig.6 Synthesis of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)?b?polybutadiene[10]

图7 五磺化聚芳醚的合成[12]

Fig.7 Synthesis of penta?sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s[12]

图8 SPAES低聚物、SPFAE和SPFAES聚合物的合成[18]

Fig.8 Synthesis of the SPAES?oligomer, SPFAE, and SPFAES polymers[18]

图9 磷酸分子掺杂凝胶PBI、凝胶PBI?PS和凝胶PBI?BS膜的制备工艺示意图[19]

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of the preparation process for the PA doped Gel?PBI, Gel?PBI?PS and Gel?PBI?BS membranes[19]

图10 broPBI?BrABPBI?PBSA复合膜的制备流程图[25]

Fig.10 The flowchart of preparation of broPBI?BrABPBI?PBSA composite membranes[25]

图11 S?DMEAx?BPT的合成及S?DMEAx?BPT/PA膜的制备[26]

Fig.11 Synthesis of S?DMEAx?BPT and fabrication of S?DMEAx?BPT/PA membranes[26]

图12 由Fe?MIL?53?NH2和Fe?MIL?88B?NH2分别形成53?S和88B?S的示意图[28]

Fig.12 Illustration of the post?synthetic modification of Fe?MIL?53?NH2 and Fe?MIL?88B?NH2 to Form 53?S and 88B?S, respectively[28]

参考文献 29

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