Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University

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Simulation and Ex periment of Thiophene and Benzene Adsorpt ion on Y - Zeoli tes

DUAN Lin - hai,SONG Li - juan,et al

Abstract （329）

PDF （289KB）（237）

The adsorption isotherm of thiophene and benzene on NaY and Ce(Ⅳ) zeolites at several temperatures(29 , 62 , 100 ℃) were studied using Monte Carlo method , and the simulated isotherms were compared those obtained by experiments. The results show that the isotherms of thiophene , benzene on NaY and Ce(Ⅳ) is type I. The saturation adsorption capacity of thiophene and benzene increase s with decreasing temperature. Burchart1. 01 - Dreiding 2. 1 force field can well describe the interactions between thiophene or benzene and NaY , Ce(Ⅳ)Y.

2007, 27 (1): 1-3.

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Nature Oxidation Tendency for High Temperature Erosion Products of H2S Wi th I ron Oxides

WANG Chan, ZHAO Shan - lin,et al

Abstract （395）

PDF （168KB）（342）

The erosion of hydrogen sulfide and the nature oxidation tendency of erosion products were studied at elevated temperature. The sulfidation products were analyzed by XRD. The oxidation reaction of sulfidation products was carried out to investigate the effects of different iron oxides , sulfidation temperature and environment temperature on the nature oxidation tendency o f sulfidation products. The results show that the main product is FeS during high temperature sulfidation of H ₂S.And some other types of iron sulfides are found in the erosion products. The results demonstrate that the nature oxidation tendency of products formed by Fe ₂O ₃ , Fe ₃O ₄, and Fe(OH) ₃ with H ₂ S is weaker respectively. The nature oxidation tendency of sulfidation products is stronger when the sulfidation temperature is higher than 300 ℃ and the environment temperature is higher than 75 ℃.

2007, 27 (1): 4-6.

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Mathematical Model of Influnce Deg ree of Additives on the Hardness Nature of Wax(II):Model Analysis and Tendency Forecasting

TONG Xiao - hui, LU Yong - jie，et al

Abstract （607）

PDF （505KB）（245）

As to the fitting equation of the penetration about mix wax which synthesized by raw material wax under the function of three kind o f chemical additives , the penetration equation with divide layers curved surface was set up by taking divide layers of sectional method. The mass fraction of raw materials basic wax is 70 %, and mineral additives, synthesis war and ethylene ester copolymer is 30 %, under the test temperature of 25. 0 , 38. 8 , 43. 3 ℃. According to the mathematical model,the change tendency of different additive s influencing mix wax was analyzed. The crystallization course of basic raw materials after acceding to the additives was studied, comparing the raw materials wax with the mix wax crystal. It appears that temperature , growth way , size and forms are all different, and gives a tendency forecasting of penetration about mix wax.

2007, 27 (1): 7-9.

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Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ ) by Polymer Cheap Adsorbents in Electroplating Was tew ater

FU Chun - xiang,LI Ping,ZHAO Shan - lin，et al

Abstract （340）

PDF （222KB）（340）

The adsorption of heavy metallic ion Cr(Ⅵ ) in electroplating wastewater on the modified chitosan , modified kelp and modified peat was studied under the condition of static state. The effects of pH of wastewater , adsorption time , absorbents quantity , initial mass concentration of Cr(Ⅵ ) in wastewater were discussed. The results show that the removal rate of C r(Ⅵ ) is more than 99 % under the conditions of the pH range of 1. 0～ 2. 0 , adsorption time of 120 min and the mass ratio of C r(Ⅵ ) to adsorbent of 1∶200. Then the electroplating wastewater containing Cr(Ⅵ ) is adsorbed by modified chitosan, the content of C r(Ⅵ ) in waste water is lower than effluent discharge standard.

2007, 27 (1): 10-13.

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Effect of Ul trasound Frequency and Intensity on VGO Oxidative Desulfurization

WANG Xiu -fen,ZHAO De -zhi

Abstract （390）

PDF （204KB）（290）

Formic acid/ H ₂O ₂ catalysis oxidation system was used to remove organo - sulfur compounds in VGO with assistance of ultrasound irradiation and DMF as extraction solvent .The effects of different factors such as extraction conditions , ultrasonic frequency and intensity of ultrasound were studied.Under optimum conditions of oxidation, extraction and ultrasound irradiation, 75 % sulfur in VGO is removed in 9 min and the yield of the desulfurized VGO is 90 %.The results show that the best operation conditions are as follows:extraction time is 10 min , ratio of extract solvent and oil is 1 ∶2,extraction frequency is 4 .

2007, 27 (1): 14-16.

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Liquid Phase Alky lation of Benzene With 1 - Dodecene Catalyzed by Methanesulfonic Acid

LI Li, GAO Wen - yi，et al

Abstract （335）

PDF （368KB）（417）

The liquid - phase alkylation of benzene with 1 - do decenecatalyzed by methane sulfonic acid(MSA)was studied.The effects of the reaction temperatures , reaction times, the molar ratios of benzene with 1 - dodocene , and concentration of MSA on the alkylation and repeatability of MSA were investigated in detail. The results show that methanesulfonic acid exhibits good catalytic performance in the liquid - phase alkylation of benzene with 1 - dodecene. The deactivation of me thanesulfonic acid is induced by strongly and irreversibly adsorbed high boiling compounds amassing in the system during successive catalytic runs. The optimal conditions are as follows :83 ℃ reaction temperature , 1. 0 mole ratio of MSA with 1 - dodecene , 8 ∶1 molar ratio of benzene with 1 -dodecene , 6 h reaction time. Under the above reaction conditions, conversion of 1 - dodecene is 100 %, selectivity of phenyldodecanes is 98. 84 %, selectivity of 2 - phenyldodecane is 26. 65 %.

2007, 27 (1): 17-20.

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Determination of Copper and Iron in Walnut Oil by MPT - AES

SHAO Hai,GONG Xiao - jie,LI Li - hua,ZHANG Jin - sheng

Abstract （382）

PDF （238KB）（360）

The analytical methods for copper and iron element in walnut oil were studied by microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry (MPT - AES) using microwave plasma torch (MPT) as excitation light source , argon as supporting gas , and peneumatic nebulization sampling system. Some experimental parameters (including microwave power , carrier gas flow rate , supporting gas flow rate , oxygen shied gas flow rate , effect of acid, coexistence ions) were investigated and optimized. The linear range s o f copper and iron is 0. 05 ～ 100, 0. 1～ 100μg /m L, respectively . The detection limits is 5. 3, 22. 1ng /m L, respectively . The recoveries are both in the range of 96. 4 %～ 102. 2% and the RSD of the method is less than 3. 2%.

2007, 27 (1): 21-23.

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Separation and Identify of Oil Degradation Bacteria

GU Gui - zho u,WANG Zhan - yo ng,YU Yong,SUN Da - qi

Abstract （316）

PDF （220KB）（306）

Three stains (PD51 , PD53 , PD56), with good ability of degrading oil , were isolated from oil contamination soil in No . 2 Fushun Petroleum Refinery . The morphology and physio logy of three stains shows that the strain PD51 and PD53 belong to Microbacterium, while the strain PD56 belongs to Arthrobater. After the sestrains was cultivated at 28 ℃ for 72 h , the biodegradable ratios of PD51 , PD53 and PD56 for petroleum hydro carbon were 76. 63 %, 76. 47 % and 76. 17%, respectively. The biodegradable ratio of the mixed strains reaches to 84. 31 %. The results show that the mixed stains exhibit better biodegrading ability for oil than that of the single strain. And the stain PD56 has the ability of degrading phenol and phenanthrene.

2007, 27 (1): 24-26.

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Synthesis of the Subst itute for the Carnauba Wax

CONG Yu - feng,HUANG Wei,LIAO Ke - jian

Abstract （468）

PDF （203KB）（525）

The substitute for the Carnauba wax was synthesized by catalytic oxidation of paraffin and microcrystalline under acidic catalyst and then using physical blending method. The effects of different factors on the reaction were discussed by or thogonal experiment method. The optimum technological condition is obtained:the mass ratio of mix ed paraffin and micro crystalline is 4 ∶1, mass fr action of catalyst is 1. 0 %, mass fraction of promoter is 1. 6 %, reaction time is 8 h, air flow rate is 1. 25 m3 /h , reaction temperature is 170 ℃. After physical blending , acid number of the product is 12. 93 mg(KOH) /g , saponification number is 82. 71 mg(KOH) /g , index of refraction(75 ℃) is 1. 445 2, melting point is 82. 1 ℃. The product is compared with natural carnauba wax , their characters are similar.

2007, 27 (1): 27-29.

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Comprehensive Assessment Crude Oil Form Inner Mongolia Oil Sands

ZHAO Jin - hua,ZHAO De - zhi,et al

Abstract （304）

PDF （210KB）（347）

The comprehensive assessment of physicochemical characteristics of crude oil from oil sand was studied in order to achieve full utilization of oil sand resources. The results show that the density (20 ℃) o f this crude oil is 0. 999 6 g /cm3 and the viscosity (100 ℃) is 1 430 mm2 /s , the mass fraction of water in the oil is 16 % and the mass fraction of sulfur is 2. 64%, so it belongs to high sulfur naphthenic base crude oil. The real boiling point distillation had been implemented and the proper ties of different fractions were analyzed , at the same time the reactive capability of the heavy fraction was examined. The results indicate that the density of the fractions is mo re than 0. 9 g /cm3 and the viscosity of the fractions is so high that it is impossible to measure under normal temperature. The characterizing factor is smaller than 12. All of these proper ties are the embodiment of naphthenic base crude oil.

2007, 27 (1): 30-33.

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New Method for Extraction of Heme From Pig Blood

JIANG Chuan - fu

Abstract （375）

PDF （254KB）（252）

The heme was extracted from pig blood using the mixed solution of organic weak acid H A and organic weak base BOH. Inorganic strong base was used to adjust the pH value to 5 ～ 6 and the heme was separated out. The yield of heme is tested to be 0. 5 %. The mass fraction of iron in the heme is 1. 0 %. This method is simple , short in production period , low in cost and no pollution. The cost is reduced by 58. 7 % compared to the similar reports by other documents. So there is an obvious advantage in economic profit. This new method for the extraction of heme from pig blood by using organic weak acid HA and organic weak base BOH is both economical and environmentally friend. Thus the new way to extract heme is broadened and foundation is provided for the production of heme.

2007, 27 (1): 34-36.

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Worktable Design of High - Altitude Ex tract ing Core Working Vehicle for Heat Exchanger

S UN Chun - y i

Abstract （377）

PDF （190KB）（340）

A design scheme of the extracting co re worktable of high - altitude working vehicle for heat exchanger was advanced. The structure and the work principle of the extracting core worktable were discussed. The focuses on the vertical beam structure design and mechanics calculation, and the safe coefficients were determined by the secondary fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The design makes lifting function , extracting core function and traveling function integrated into a whole body , which doesn't have to depend on crane operation.

2007, 27 (1): 37-39.

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Numerical Simulation for Soil Hydrothermal Coupling Temperature Field Around Underground Pipelines

MA Gui - y ang,LIU Xiao - guo,ZHENG Ping

Abstract （368）

PDF （1580KB）（437）

A freezing damage is a common problem that pipe lines is buried in fro zen underground area encounter. To study freezing damage and take scientific and effective measures to prevent freezing damage , it is necessary to predict the changes of the temperature field of frozen soils around underground pipelines in the frozen - thaw process , and the change relationship between the temperature field and moisture field. The temperature field of the soils around underground pipelines was numerically simulated by using finite elements method. The influence of moisture transfer and phase change on temperature was taken into consideration. The temperature distributions of the soils around pipeline at different time were given, and the results were analyzed. The results show that the moisture transfer and the phase change have definite effects on heat transfer of the soils, which should be considered in calculation.

2007, 27 (1): 40-43.

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Blow out Reason Analy sis of Low - Tempe rature Superheater T ube

HUANG Fu - sheng,FU Yang

Abstract （354）

PDF （882KB）（307）

Through experimental detection methods of macro inspection, chemical composition analyzing , mechanic performance testing , micro metallog raphy analyzing and X ray diffraction, the blow out reasons of low - temperature superheatertube were analyzed in the process of boiler operation. The results show that the fracture of a broken tube is a kind of expansion form and a typical ductile fracture, and has instantaneous overheat blow out characteristic under the high temperature. Structure sizes of super heater tubes and inside resistance coefficients as well as imbalance thermal lo ads will result in the rmal deviation. The difference of heated area be tween tubes is very small, so the thermal deviation mainly results from inhomog eneous endo therm and flux . Throughverifying , the reexist strong bonding force oxide attached on inside and outside wall of low - temperature superheater tubes, and ashes are deposited be tween tubes, which result in producing thermal deviation. Once tube wall is overheated, oxidation corrosion rate is not only accelerated , but also the tube performance is rapidly deteriorated. At the same time , low - temperature super heater keeps on running under the high temperature for long time , micro structure appears globular car bide configuration , and bearing capacity of materials at high temperature declines.When tube wall strength can not bear inner steam pressure in the tube , blowout of low - temperature tube occurs.

2007, 27 (1): 44-46.

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Grey Forecas ting of Corrosion Speed for Electric Heat - Concomitance Pipes of Buried Pipeline at Liaohe Teshi

WANG Jian - li, SHEN Lo ng - she,et al

Abstract （376）

PDF （232KB）（281）

Buried pipelines at Teshi , Liaohe area locate in a complicated and variable corrosion environment. Most of pipelines go through paddy fields. So it is necessary to predict the corroding speed of the pipelines. Samples from heat - concomitance pipes of spot buried pipelines were processed to make test pieces and tested by a corrosion speed measure . By applying the theoretical principles and modeling process of grey system theory , GM(1, 1) model of corroding speed was established. The model was used in grey forecasting for data of test pieces. Residual test method is adopted for checking . Forecasting results were analyzed and discussed. Results show that the model is correct , but the model can only reflect the corrosion effect from lightly corroding and naturally corroding . The model adepts to short - term forecasting .

2007, 27 (1): 47-49.

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Finite Element Modal Analysis for PACKER Inner Pull Rod

ZHAO Bin

Abstract （428）

PDF （305KB）（253）

In order to improve the antivibration ability of PACKER inner pull rod , it is necessary to analyze its vibration char acteristics. On the basis of ANSYS software , grid partition adopted coarse grids and fine grids respectively , modal analysis was implemented by utilizing a subspace method, and the first five inherent frequencies and vibration type were obtained. That theory results accord basically with testing results shows that numerical simulation technology is an efficient method and the thickness of grids doesn't influence modal analysis results. Using coarse grids can improve calculative efficiency .

2007, 27 (1): 50-52.

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Detection and Safety Assessment of Viscosity Reducing Tower Pipelines

KONG Xiang - jun,ZHANG Guo - fu,et al

Abstract （358）

PDF （783KB）（234）

The viscosity reducing tower pipeline has been used in a certain petrochemical company for many years, which has already exceeded its design lifetime. Therefore , it is necessary to carry on overall detection and safety assessment. By analyzing the chemistry composition and metallurgical structure locating the pipeline exit and entrance , in the metallurgical structure of materials , partial platelike pearlitic structures have been changed into the globular pearlitic structures. Analyzing the influence of pearlitic spheroidization on machine behavior shows that thermal - intensity capability of 15CrMo steel has been not totally aged. Hardness and wall thickness of pipelines on the spot are detected , and subsequently , the wall thickness of pipelines is theoretically verified. The results show that under the current work condition , the viscosity reducing tower can keep on using.It provides a scientific reference for safety operation of the equipment. At the same time , some usage suggestions were given.

2007, 27 (1): 53-56.

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Failure Analysis of the Brake Hub of an Oil Field Working Machine

WEI Li - w a, TIA N Na, G UO Shu - juan

Abstract （441）

PDF （433KB）（265）

Aiming to the failure phenome a of brake hub of Liaohe oil field, crack figures , chemistry composition , mechanical property , and me tallo graphic structures were tested , analyzed and discussed. The results show that the failure of the brake hub is caused by the improper heat treatment operation. On the one hand, the improper heat treatment operation can not tho roughly remove the bad effects of cast structures and leads to tremendous reduction of the plasticity and toughness index. On the other hand , the improper heat treatment operation can not completely relieve the casting stress and remnant stress, and further enhances generation and expansion of cracks. A working procedure before the last heat treatment operation was suggested to be added. Through refining crystal grain , the reticularferrite and heterogeneous structures are relieved, and further mechanical property of materials can be improved.

2007, 27 (1): 57-59.

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Detecting Ice Blockage Position of Gas Pipeline

GAO Xing - jun, CHENG Peng,et al

Abstract （328）

PDF （235KB）（280）

The reasons of ice blockage in the g as pipeline we re analyzed, and some methods to measure the ice blockage were simply introduced. Some drawbacks in these methods were pointed out. A method to detect position of ice blockage using gas - emitting sound wave was presented. The research indicates that the sound signals obtained from the ice blockage position are random , and various sample recordsin the random progress are not same , so mathematics formulae do not express the relationship. However , those samples have the same statistic properties, and can be expressed by probability statistics. As the amount of sound wave data is big , the process of analyzing the data is very complicated. Through the mathematics deduction of sound wave detecting method, an experiment equipment detecting ice blockage position with sensors was designed and its work principle was introduced in details. In the experiment process , the sound around the pipelines was considered, and the principle to remove noise by wave filtering was researched.

2007, 27 (1): 60-62.

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A Digital Watermark Algorithm Based on Discrete Wavelet Transformation

JIANG Feng - li

Abstract （240）

PDF （577KB）（268）

In order to ensure the concealment and robustness of watermark, a dig ital image watermark algorithm based on DWT was proposed . Firstly , the watermark was encrypted by Arnold scratch and Logistic chaotic system in order to enhance the security of watermark system. And then comparing HVS , transforming coefficients of DWT were elected , and watermark was embedded by changing transforming coefficients. The experiment results show that the algorithm has a good robustness for some image processing operations such as clipping , median filtering , noise , and JPEG compression.

2007, 27 (1): 63-66.

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Expansion Design and Petri Net Validation of Interactive Control Protocol

HAN Do ng - yan,HO U Tong - pu

Abstract （334）

PDF （257KB）（253）

Remote control is a core function of the remote digital video monitoring system. At present , remote control is seldom implemented by self - defined protocol. The function of existing interactive control protocol has some deficiencies. In particular , the problem of user limits of authority involved in the situation of multi - user and multi - camera is not solved. Aiming at the problem , inter active control protocol was extended, including the design of request methods and message headers , making the function of interactive control protocol more perfect. In order to ensure the integrality of the protocol,based on the protocol principle of operation and considering the situation of data gram loss in channel transmission , a Petri net model for inter active control protocol was established. Finally , the integrality validation of the protocol was implemented through a reachable tree.

2007, 27 (1): 67-69.

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Simulation Design fo r DSSS Communication System Based on SystemView

SHAO Rong

Abstract （369）

PDF （393KB）（303）

A simulation module of direct sequence's spread spectrum communication system was constructed by SystemView , a visual development environment which supports integrated dynamic system design , simulation and analysis. With the simulation module utilized, the time domain chart , spectrum chart and technical data of time domain of direct sequence's spread spectrum communication system can be obtained from signal source's spread spectrum , modulation, adding noise , dispreading , and filtering , which supports the design of communication system.

2007, 27 (1): 70-72.

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Robust Fault - Tolerant Control Design Based on Output Feedback Co nt rol Sy stem

QI Jun,SHEN Dong - ri,et al

Abstract （381）

PDF （233KB）（341）

The robust fault - tolerant control for uncertain time - delay system was considered. A design method of robust fault - to lerant controller against actuator and sensor failures was proposed based on time - delay output feedback using Riccati equation and Lyapunov stability theory. The fault - to lerant control conditions for various failures were given. The simulation results demonstrate that the method has a good robust fault tolerant control capability .

2007, 27 (1): 73-77.

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Analysis and Application of Data Mining Algorithm Based on Decision Tree

ZHANG Yue,LIU Yang

Abstract （386）

PDF （179KB）（317）

The decision tree technique is a very effective method for classifying large datasets. By means of constructing a decision tree mode l, the technique picks up valuable classified rules , and helps the decision - makers to make out an exact forecast. The technique has widely applied in a great many fields. The technology is adopted to construct the decision tree model of the edibility of mushroom , which provides scientific basis for differentiating the edibility of mushroom by way of the mushroom property. The calculation of the decision tree uses the C4. 5 algorithm , which takes information gain ratioas attribute choice criterion. The experiment result shows that although the decision tree gives an unbalanced structure ,understandable decision rules are obtained from the decision tree.

2007, 27 (1): 78-80.

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Application of Wavelet Transform Technology to Surface Reconstruction

LI Yi - ling,JI Yu - bo

Abstract （261）

PDF （638KB）（236）

The core technology of reverse engineering is free surfaces reconstruction. Traditionally , surface reconstruction is built directly by using reconstruction data , which control vertexes aren't compressed. So it has a relatively weak data processing ability , and the storage and calculation of data in the reconstruction process is tremendous. A method applying wavelet transform technology , which can reduce the amount of controlling vertexes of cubic quasi - uniform B - spline surfaces, was presented. The amount of control vertexes to reconstruct curved surfaces decreases greatly . The curved surface with its data compressed approximates the original surface shape. Experiment results show that the method implements surfaces'hierarchical compressing , simplifies data processing and reduces the cost of reconstruction and accords with engineering demand.

2007, 27 (1): 81-85.

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Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Based on PSO and LMI Optimizing Algorithm

S U Cheng - li, LIU Xiao - qin,et al

Abstract （418）

PDF （206KB）（268）

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and linear matrix inequality (LMI) were used for the design of input -const rained nonlinear predictive controller . A nonlinear predictive control algorithm based on PSO and LMI was proposed. The dual - mode control strategy was adopted in the algorithm. LMI was used for off - line optimization to determine a terminal invariant region to expend the solution extent of nonlinear optimization and decrease conservation degree of the algorithm ;PSO was used for on - line so lving nonlinear predictive control input to avoid so lvingno nlinearprog ramming problems. The stability of the algorithm was analyzed. Simulation results show that the algorithm is efficient and feasible.

2007, 27 (1): 86-89.

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Resistance Measurement With Vol tage Compensation

FU Shi - min

Abstract （681）

PDF （191KB）（992）

While measuring central value resistance with traditional voltammetry , either the internal connecting method or external connecting method of an ammeter brings system errors of measurement results. A new method of measuring resistance with the voltage compensation voltammetry principle was described. A formula of relative standard uncertainty was given,which measured resistance with internal connecting method , external method, and voltage compensation voltammetry . With comparing the uncertainty , the measurement data were processed. The measurement results of resistance , uncertainty and computing results of errors were provided.

2007, 27 (1): 90-92.

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Some Properties of the Quasi Diagonally Dominant Matrix With Chain of Non -Zero Elements

ZHANG Li -zhuo,SONG Dai -cai

Abstract （323）

PDF （160KB）（253）

If A∈ R ^n×n is a L-mat rix , and A isn't a diagonally dominant matrix , then some properties of the quasi diagonallydominant matrix with chain of non -zero elements were given.Examples illustrate that some special properties of the diagonallydominant matrix with chain of non -zero elements probably doesn't come into existence for quasidiagonally dominant matrixwith chain of non -zero elements .

2007, 27 (1): 93-96.

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Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between the Reforms of Split Share Structure and Performance of Company Governance

DONG Liu -shan,GUAN Ming -kun

Abstract （332）

PDF （132KB）（309）

Chinese stock market has the problem of split share structure which results in the same share's holding different rights and benefits.The reforms of split share structure which beg an last year are still underway in order .The 46 companies were taken as the study objects , statistical analysis software SPSS13.0 was utilized and the method of the paired -sample T test and one -way ANOVA were applied in order to verify purposive manipulation factors of share price and the relationship between reforms of split share structure and the performance of the company .In addition , depending on the information given by CSRC and the fund data provided by financial Network , the shareholder s and investor s'behavior changes were analyzed .The results show that the reforms of split share structure are beneficial to the improvement of company governance and enhancement of the performance of the company .

2007, 27 (1): 97-99.

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Investigation on Synthesis Temperature of NdCoO ₃Nanoparticle

GONG Xiao -jie,SHAO Hai，et al

Abstract （308）

PDF （186KB）（241）

The precursor of composite oxides NdCoO ₃ was synthesized from Co(NO ₃) ₂ · 6H ₂O and Nd(NO ₃) ₃ · nH ₂O with so l-gel process by microwave irradiation using tartaric acid as complexing agent and ammonia used to control the pH of reaction solution .The precursor was then characterized by TG-DTA .It shows that black powders are successfully prepared when heated at 500, 600 , 700, 800 ℃ with Ma -fufurnace .The products obtained were characterized by means of physical techniques including IR and XRD.The results show that under different synthesis temperatures the composite oxides NdCoO ₃ with different size and integrity of crystals can be prepared .The appropriate synthesis temperature of NdCoO3 is 700 ℃.

2007, 27 (2): 1-3.

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Non -Hydrogenation Refining of Coker Diesel(Ⅰ):A Labo ratory Study of Extraction by Furfural Ref ining Lubricating Oil as well as Additive

CAO Gen,LI Wen -shen,et al

Abstract （377）

PDF （151KB）（285）

A laboratory and pilot study on refining coker diesel from refinery No .2 of Fushun petrochemical company CNPC by extraction by furfural refining lubricating oil as solvent and with additive was done .The influences of different operating conditions such as refining temperature , the mass ratio of additive and oil, the volume ratio of solvent and oil on the refining results we re examined by the method of single factor .The suitable operating conditions are determined, under which the stability of coker diesel can meet the quality standard of fir st-rate products , i.e ., refining temperature is 70 ℃, the mass ratio of additive and oil is 0.005 , volume ratio of solvent and oil is 1 .0 , refining time is 30 min, and the settling time is 30 min .

2007, 27 (2): 4-6.

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Microwave Induced Oxidation Process With H ₂O ₂ for Oiliness Was tewater Treatment

ZHANG Jin -sheng, GUAN Xiao -tong,et al

Abstract （484）

PDF （162KB）（266）

Oiliness wastewater was treated by microwave induced oxidation (M IOP).The effects of kinds of activated carbon, quality of activated carbon , volume of H2O2 , microwave power , irradiation time and pH on COD removal rate were investigated.The results show that COD removal rate of oiliness wastewater under M IOP can reach 86.8%.The optimal conditions of operation are as follows :5 .0 g activated carbon, mix ed with 50mL oiliness wastewater (mass ratio of solid and liquid is 1 ∶10), microwave power is 480 W, irradiation time is 4 min , H ₂O ₂ volume is 1.5mL , FeSO4 mass is 0 .07 g , pH is 3 .

2007, 27 (2): 7-9.

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Submerged Fermentation of Aspergillus Niger LN0601 to Produce Xylanase

ZHANG Jing,WANG Zhan -y ong,SU Ting -ting

Abstract （339）

PDF （228KB）（281）

The Aspergillus niger LN0601 was used to produce xy lanase by submerged fermentation.The influence factor s of carbon source , nitrogen source , cultural time , cultural temperature , initial pH , and inoculation volumic fraction of spore suspending liquid on the capability of the stain to produce xylanase were studied.The optimum conditions of Aspergillus niger to produce xylanase are as follows :carbon source 5 %(mass fraction)corncob powder , nitrogen source 1% (mass fraction) NaNO3 , cultural time 2 d , cultural temperature 28 ℃, initial pH 6.5, 20% inoculation volumic fraction of spore suspending liquid added to 250mL conical flask with 100mL submerged culture medium , shaking table revolution 150 r/min.Under this condition the xylanase activity could reach to mo re than 2 000U/ mL .

2007, 27 (2): 10-12.

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Supervising and Governing of Air Pollution Over a City

ZHANG Que,CAO Chun -ying

Abstract （312）

PDF （130KB）（265）

The level of air pollution, load of different key pollution materials and annual trend of movement were studied with complex index and pollution load index through supervising air pollution over a city .Based on the comprehensive analysis , the sources, characters , quantity , distributions , movement and the up -and -down rules of the air pollution were investigated. Measures of preventing and governing air pollution over a city have been proposed .

2007, 27 (2): 13-15.

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Solution Polymerization of Polyphosphazenes

WU Shuang

Abstract （417）

PDF （263KB）（268）

Poly phosphazenes with higher molecular weight and narrow polydispersitie s were synthesized from hex achlo rocyclotripho sphazene by solution polymerization and then characterized.A bubble -observing method , a substitute of traditional viscosity -observing , was developed to determine the end-point of the reaction.The factors of polymerization such as the amount of catalyst , solvent and temperature were investigated.The Purifying of two polyphosphazene derivatives were also discussed.The results show that poly phosphazenes with molecular weight above 2×105 and poly dispersity index of 1 .6 ～1 .7 can be obtained with 30 % ～ 40% yield based on poly(dichlorophosphazene).Polymerization conditions are as follows: hexachlo rocyclotripho sphazene 24 g , sulfamic acid 50 ～ 55 mg , CaSO4 · 2H2O 45 mg , 1, 2, 4 - trichloro benzene 20 m L, reaction temperature 210 ～ 215 ℃.

2007, 27 (2): 16-19.

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Optimization Geology Design of Pair Horizontal SAGD Wells in Super Heavy Oil Reservoirs

CHEN Tie -zheng

Abstract （360）

PDF （173KB）（264）

Guantao formation of Du Block 84 of Shu 1 Region is a special oil reservoir surrounded by top and margin water .In order to enhance the residual oil recovery of Guantao formation of Du Block 84 of Shu 1 Region, SAGD exploitation technology was adopted after elaborate analyses .The optimized design was studied on such parameters as SAGD well pattern , horizontal stage length, horizontal stage position in well and huff - puff parameters by numerical simulation by applying S TARTS software with variable depth and uneven net grid based on reservoir characteristics and present exploitation status .Practice shows that all the parameters of the design are rational, and it is economical and feasible to enhance the super heavy oil recovery using pair horizontal SAGD wells .

2007, 27 (2): 20-23.

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Microwave -Induced n -Hexane A romatizat ion Reaction

WANG Chan, ZHAO Zeng -hua, ZHOU Bing -lun

Abstract （410）

PDF （250KB）（746）

The aromatization reaction over ZnNi/H ZSM -5, by the microwave heating and conventional heating methods, had been undertaken using n -hexane as the source under the conditions of different temperatures.Compared with the condition of conventional heating , the active centers of B acid and L acid in the ZnNi/ZSM -5 were excited selectively by microwave , the strength of B acid and L acid were enhanced , which accelerated the aromatization reaction, improved the yield of BTX.It is fitting that the aromatization reacted at 450 ℃ by microwave heating the yield and selectivity of BTX is increased about 5 % and 4 % respectively , dealkylation of aromatics can be promoted also , which effects the distribution of aromatics, and results in the increase of benzene and to luene , but decrease of xylene and ethylbenzene in the products .With the increasing of reaction temperature , cracking reaction is strengthened , however , the yields of C-6 and BTX still are more than that by the conventional heating .

2007, 27 (2): 24-26.

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Alkylation of Benzene With 1 -Dodecene Over the WO ₃ /ZrO ₂Solid Acid

LI Li, GAO Wen -yi,et al

Abstract （393）

PDF （313KB）（278）

The liquid -phase alkylation of benzene with 1 -dodecene was carried out over WO ₃/ZrO ₂ solid super acid catalysts, which was prepared by reaction of zirconium oxyhydroxide with ammoniumme tatung state with wet impregnation method.All the catalysts were characterized.The effects of the calcination temperatures, WO ₃ loading , reaction times , the mole ratio of benzene and 1-dodocene , and mass fraction of catalyst as well as the regeneration of catalyst were studied .The results show that solid super acid sites can be formed in the WO ₃/ZrO ₂ system when calcination temperatures is 750 ～ 850 ℃ and mass fraction of WO ₃is 5% ～ 25%;both Lew is and Bronsted acidic centers appear on their surfaces and can transform with each other .WO ₃/ ZrO ₂ solid superacid catalyst shows high catalytic activities and good regeneration in the liquid-phase alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene .The optimum reaction conditions are as follows :reaction time 45 min., calcinations temperature 750 ℃, mass fraction of WO ₃ 15%, mole ratio o f benzene and 1 -dodecene 10 , mass fraction of catalyst 4 %.Under these conditions , conversion of 1 -dodecene is 97.3%, selectivity of linear chainalkyl benzene (LAB)is 93.7% and selectivity of 2 -LAB is 71 .4 %.

2007, 27 (2): 27-31.

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Catalytic Synthesis of Cyclohexanone 1 , 2 -Propanediol Ketal With Zr(SO ₄) ₂ /γ-Al ₂O ₃ Solid Acid

GAO Wen -y i,REN Li -g uo

Abstract （300）

PDF （205KB）（231）

Cyclohexanone 1, 2-propanediolketal was synthesized from cyclohexanone and 1, 2-propanediol with Zr(SO ₄) ₂ /γ-Al ₂O ₃ so lid acid catalyst prepared by impregnation -calcination processes.The effects of calcination temperature of catalyst ,mass fraction of catalyst , mole ratio of reactants , amount of entrainer , refluxing time were investigated.The optimal conditions are as follows :catalyst calcination temperature is 550 ℃, the mass fraction of Zr(SO ₄) ₂ is 20 %, the weight mass fraction of catalyst is 0.5 %, the mole ratio of cyclohexanone and 1, 2 -propanediol is 1 ∶1 .5 , toluenevolume is 15 m L, refluxing time is 3h .Under this condition, higher yield(90 .5 %)of the product with good purity(99 .6 %)can be obtained .

2007, 27 (2): 32-34.

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null

Abstract （164）

PDF （191KB）（198）

2007, 27 (2): 35-38.

Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University 2007 Vol.27