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Electrochemical Behaviors of Ferrocene Using Cyclic Voltammetry
Qiao Qingdong, Li Qi
Abstract2071)      PDF (1784KB)(1035)      
The ferrocene shows definite aromatic and redox properties, which can used as a switch model substance. In alcohol solution of lithium perchlorate, the redox reaction process of ferrocene is quasi-reversible, in which the electron transfer number determined is 1, and the diffusion coefficients of ferrocene ion (Fc+) and Fc are 2.24×10-3 cm2/s and 4.34×10-3 cm2/s, i.e. the diffusion velocity of Fc+ is faster than Fc. The standard rate constant tested is 2.79 cm/s.
2014, 34 (3): 5-7. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2014.03.002
Correlation Analysis among Real Estate Development Investment ,GDP and House Price in China
YuDan, QinJie, FangDan, WangBo, KuaiChuting
Abstract1042)      PDF (1686KB)(996)      
In recent years, due to excessive freedom, some real estate developers' speculation and other reasons, the real estate market prices drift influenced national welfare and the people's livelihood. So this problem needed to be solved. In order to explore the deep-seated reasons affecting China's housing prices, study the irrationality of housing prices and solve the problem, the time series data was selected from 2005 to 2014, using E-view analysis software, through cointegration test, Grainger causality test and generalized impulse response function method, analyzes the impact of China's GDP and real estate development investment to changes in prices. The research results showed that China's GDP had long-term stable equilibrium relationship of prices, and price influence of real estate development and investment gradually weakened with the passage of time.  
 
2017, 37 (1): 70-74. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.014
Resistance Measurement With Vol tage Compensation
FU Shi - min
Abstract665)      PDF (191KB)(984)      
   While measuring central value resistance with traditional voltammetry , either the internal connecting method or external connecting method of an ammeter brings system errors of measurement results. A new method of measuring resistance with the voltage compensation voltammetry principle was described. A formula of relative standard uncertainty was given,which measured resistance with internal connecting method , external method, and voltage compensation voltammetry . With comparing the uncertainty , the measurement data were processed. The measurement results of resistance , uncertainty and computing results of errors were provided.
2007, 27 (1): 90-92.
Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Model of Double Phase Steel HC420/780DP
Zhentong Dong, Xianming Meng, Jianjun Guan, Yan Zhao
Abstract730)   HTML13)    PDF (1683KB)(875)      

High?speed tensile tests of HC420/780DP dual?phase steel at strain rates of 0.001,0.100,1.000,10.000,100.000 s-1 and 200.000 s-1 were carried out. The dynamic mechanical behavior of the materials under different strain rates was studied. The true stress?strain curves of HC420/780DP at different strain rates were obtained, and the fracture elongation, tensile strength and flow stress were analyzed. The results show that the flow stress, yield strength and tensile strength of HC420/780DP dual?phase steel increased with the increasing strain rate. Based on the modified Johnson?Cook constitutive model, the dependent plastic deformation constitutive model versus HC420/780DP dynamic strain rate was established. The fitting results of the optimized constitutive equation are in consistent with the curves of experimental results.

2023, 43 (1): 61-66. DOI: 10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2023.01.011
 
Probabilistic Computation Method for Some Types of Integral
YU Jing-xian, LI Jin-qiu, MIAO Chen
Abstract489)      PDF (936KB)(853)      
 
Considering the complexity and infeasibility of Newton-Leibniz formula in computing some types of integral, it was used the density functions and numerical characteristics of exponential distribution, normal distribution and chi-square distribution to compute three types of integral in calculus. Three computational formulas were got. Through the process of proof, it was found that the convenience of probabilistic method and close relationship between probability theory and calculus.
2012, 32 (4): 95-98. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2012.04.025
Research Progress on Modification of Bismuth Oxide as Visible Light Photocatalyst
Yonghui Zhang, Xuebing Chen, Jing Zhang
Abstract4050)   HTML    PDF (1443KB)(837)      

As an important semiconductor photocatalytic material, bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is considered as a promising visible photocatalyst due to its special electronic structure and excellent visible light response performance. It displays a good application prospect in photocatalytic treatment of wastewater. However, the application of Bi2O3 is limited by its low photocatalytic performance, therefore, Bi2O3 pholocatalyst with superior performance is expected to be obtained by modifying methods by the researchers. In this review, a series of modification methods, such as surface morphology regulation, surface modification, metal ion modification and semiconductor combination, are summarized. Then, the future development of modified Bi2O3 photocatalytic materials is prospected.

2021, 41 (6): 1-8. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2021.06.001

The Progress of Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material

Zhang Jie, Yang Zhanxu
Abstract698)      PDF (1163KB)(828)      

     Sodium ion batteries have attracted tremendous attentions due to its rich resources, low cost, high efficiency and good chemical stability, and can satisfy people's demand for energy in the new era, which are considered a top alternative to lithiumion batteries. The research progress on sodium ion battery anode materials are reviewed in details in this paper, including carbon-based materials, low voltage metal phosphates, the sodium storage alloys, metal oxides, titanium-based materials, and other negative electrode materials. Then the characteristics of anode materials are discussed. Finally, some future directions for sodiumion battery anode materials are pointed out.

2016, 36 (1): 7-11. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.01.001
Preparation of Macro⁃Mesostructured Hierarchical γ⁃Al2O3 and Its Catalytic Performance for Long Chain Alkane Dehydrogenation
Qu Shengtao,Wang Yujia,Liu Dongmei,Wang Haiyan,Zhao Pengze
Abstract393)   HTML    PDF (1802KB)(826)      
The aluminum source is made of Al2(SO4)3 solution, and the precipitant is made of NH4HCO3 solution. By modifying the aging step in the preparation process, the structure of the precursor aluminum ammonium carbonate (AACH) and the calcined γ⁃Al2O3 are modulated, and a high specific surface area nano γ⁃Al2O3 with a hierarchical pore structure was prepared. PtSnK/γ⁃Al2O3 long chain alkane dehydrogenation catalyst was prepared with macro⁃mesostructured hierarchical γ⁃Al2O3 as the carrier. C10―C13 long chain alkanes were used as raw materials to evaluate the activity and stability of the catalyst in a small fixed bed reactor. The results of the study indicated that the γ⁃Al2O3 support obtained after secondary modulation had a macro⁃mesostructured hierarchical pore structure, and the pore size distributions of mesopores and macropores were relatively concentrated. The average pore diameter, pore volume, and specific surface area were 25.40 nm, 2.09 cm3/g, and 284.5 m2/g, respectively. The initial conversion of long⁃chain alkanes dehydrogenation over PtSnK/γ⁃Al2O3 catalyst has reached 26.9% under accelerant condition and after 18 hours can still achieve 21.3%, the dehydrogenation conversion rate is higher than that of commercial alumina.
2019, 39 (4): 34-39. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2019.04.007
Research Progress of Reaction Mechanism of Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol
Wang Yan, Wang Xiaoyue, Cao Ruiwen, Ban Hongyan, Li Congming
Abstract1105)   HTML    PDF (3312KB)(817)      
With the rapid development of industry, the negative impact of the use of fossil fuels on the ecological environment is becoming more and more prominent. Among them, CO2, as the main greenhouse gas, causes serious harm to global climate change. The selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol is one of the important ways to solve the greenhouse effect, develop green energy and realize sustainable economic development. Copper⁃based catalysts are widely employed for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol due to their excellent catalytic performance and low cost. The difference in reaction mechanism is due to the highly adjustable chemical and electronic properties of copper⁃based catalysts, resulting in the different catalytic performance. This article reviewed the representative reaction mechanism of selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over copper⁃based catalysts was presented, aiming to provided a theoretical guidance for the design of efficient and stable copper⁃based catalysts.
2020, 40 (4): 11-20. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2020.04.003
Synthesis,Characterization and Catalytic Reaction of UiO-66-NH 2 Supported Pd Catalyst
LiXiang,ZhangYanmei,ZhangJing,et al
Abstract672)      PDF (3456KB)(811)      
The heterogeneous bifunctional catalyst UiO-66NH 2/Pd with Pd nanoparticles has been prepared on metal-organic framework of UiO-66-NH 2 using the impregnation and reduction method. The materials were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Fu Liye transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting material of UiO-66-NH 2/Pd was further evaluated as a potential bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for olefine hydrogenations and Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate. The results showed that the weight percent of Pd in UiO-66-NH 2/Pd was 3.4% and the average Pd particle size of was about 1 nm. The introduction of Pd nanoparticles did not change the framework integrity of UiO-66-NH 2. The resulting bifunctional catalyst of UiO66NH2/Pd was first tested in olefine hydrogenations and the results demonstrated that the material was active and stable as a heterogeneous catalyst. It could be reused for at least 6 times without significant loss of its catalytic performance in styrene hydrogenation. Remarkably, its structure was stable during the reactions. Furthermore, it also showed good activity and recycle stability in Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate.
2017, 37 (1): 8-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672??6952.2017.01.002
Experimental Study on Natural Gas Hydrate Slurry Flow in Oil⁃Based System
Zhen Pan, Lihe Zhang, Jiangtao Hao, Jian Zhu, Song Yuan
Abstract212)   HTML6)    PDF (4502KB)(799)      

In the multiphase flow pipeline transportation system, in the process of hydrate slurry flow, rugged terrain will be encountered. At this time, the use of inclined pipeline is particularly important. Therefore, the influence of the flow characteristics of gas hydrate slurry in the inclined pipe on the blocked pipeline was studied. The hydrate plugging experiment of oil + natural gas in oil?based system was carried out on the low?temperature and high?pressure visual hydrate experimental loop, and the effects of initial pressure, initial flow and other factors on the flow and plugging time of natural gas hydrate slurry were explored. At the same time, the micro changes of hydrate particles in the process of hydrate formation, flow and pipe plugging were analyzed by real?time online particle tester. The experimental results show that with the increase of initial pressure, the induction time, formation time and slurry flow time of natural gas hydrate are shortened, and the pipe plugging trend of natural gas hydrate increases. With the increase of initial flow rate, the induction time, formation time and slurry flow time of natural gas hydrate are prolonged, and the pipe plugging trend of natural gas hydrate is reduced. Finally, the process from hydrate formation to pipe plugging and the plugging mechanism were analyzed. The research results of gas hydrate plugging pipelines in oil?based systems show that the probability of gas hydrates blocking pipelines can be effectively reduced by reducing initial pressure and increasing initial flow rates in oil?based systems. The research results can provide theoretical reference and basis for maintaining and ensuring the safe flow of natural gas hydrate in pipelines.

2022, 42 (5): 62-70. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.05.010
Novel Synthesis of Furoin
ZHU Dan, ZHANG Ying
Abstract528)      PDF (482KB)(796)      
Using furfural as raw material and VB1 as catalyst preparation of furoin was studied through benzoin condensation in the alkaline condition, pH of 9 to 10. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and the amount of VB1 were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: reaction temperature: 65 ℃, reaction time: 2 h, the amount of VB1 : 8.0 g. The yield of the product reached 82.7%. The product is white needle-like crystals with the melting point of 138 ~ 139 ℃. Structure of objective product was characterized on IR and elementary analyses.
2009, 29 (2): 28-30.
Research Progress of Adsorption Properties of Carbon Adsorbents for VOCs
Zhang Shaopeng, Jian Weiwei, Ma Danzhu, Liu Chao, Wang Xue
Abstract696)   HTML    PDF (846KB)(786)      
The adsorption properties of carbonaceous adsorbents (such as, activated carbon, biochar, CNTs and carbon⁃silica composites) for VOCs were summarized in this paper. The influence of the structure of adsorbents, the characteristics of VOCs, the humidity and the adsorption temperature were analyzed respectively. The development prospect of carbonaceous adsorbents in the future VOCs adsorption process was proposed. While continuously increasing the adsorption capacity of carbonaceous adsorbented for VOCs, improving the performance of recycling, reducing the impact of high⁃temperature and humidity environments on the adsorption capacity in industrial production was a new trend in the research and development of carbonaceous adsorbents in the future.
2021, 41 (1): 30-36. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2021.01.006
 
The Process of C 9 Petroleum Resins Production
YAN Hui,LIU Shu-xin, MENG Qiu,CONG Yu-feng,HUANG Wei
Abstract427)      PDF (203KB)(741)      
C 9 petroleum resins was obtained by two-step synthesis from C 9 fraction, which is the side product from enthylene production in the boiling range of 140~196 ℃. The processes of free radical polymerization and catalytic polymerization by Lewis acid were well investigated, and the effect of polymerization method, reaction time and reaction temperature on product quality was discussed. The results show that C 9 petroleum resins can be obtained with light color and higher yield under the following conditions: the mass fraction of initiator 0.01%, the mass fraction of catalyst 1.50%, reaction time 4.5 h, free radical polymerization time 1.5 h, catalytic polymerization time 3.0 h and reaction temperature 55 ℃.
2011, 31 (3): 1-3. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.03.001
Glutamate Acid Fermentation Waste Water Process  and Comprehensive Utilization
YAN Ling-jun, LI Da-peng, MA Fang
Abstract369)      PDF (291KB)(736)      
Glutamate acid fermentation waste water is a kind of high concentration organic waste water formed during producing monosodium glutamate, which has complicated ingredients and is hard to process. The main treatment technology was introduced. The present status of comprehensive utilization of monosodium glutamate waste water was described. The viewpoint was summarized and expatiated that treatment of glutamate waste water should be combined with comprehensive utilization and cleaner production. This is a new technique development trend of glutamate waste water treating. And a new kind of technique of glutamate waste water treatment is put forward to combine with the whole comprehensive utilization.
2008, 28 (2): 28-34.
Microwave -Induced n -Hexane A romatizat ion Reaction
WANG Chan, ZHAO Zeng -hua, ZHOU Bing -lun
Abstract405)      PDF (250KB)(720)      
    The aromatization reaction over ZnNi/H ZSM -5, by the microwave heating and conventional heating methods, had been undertaken using n -hexane as the source under the conditions of different temperatures.Compared with the condition of conventional heating , the active centers of B acid and L acid in the ZnNi/ZSM -5 were excited selectively by microwave , the strength of B acid and L acid were enhanced , which accelerated the aromatization reaction, improved the yield of BTX.It is fitting that the aromatization reacted at 450 ℃ by microwave heating the yield and selectivity of BTX is increased about 5 % and 4 % respectively , dealkylation of aromatics can be promoted also , which effects the distribution of aromatics, and results in the increase of benzene and to luene , but decrease of xylene and ethylbenzene in the products .With the increasing of reaction temperature , cracking reaction is strengthened , however , the yields of C-6 and BTX still are more than that by the conventional heating .
2007, 27 (2): 24-26.
Research on Geologic Characterization and 3D Geological Modeling for Low Permeability Reservoir
Luo Tingting, Yao Zhenjie, Duan Jingjie, Li Jian, Zhao Yongpan
Abstract528)   HTML    PDF (2245KB)(715)      
In recent years, low permeability reservoirs have accounted for 70% of China's new oil reserves, among which the Ordos basin accounts for more than half, with considerable development potential. Therefore, the efficient development of low permeability reservoir is urgent.. In order to fully understand the properties of reservoir before development, using core observation, rock thin section and other test data, this paper focused on the research of reservoir petrology characteristics, reservoir sedimentary microfacies and sand body distribution, reservoir physical characteristics and heterogeneity of Chang 4+522 formation in Wuqi oilfield in Ordos basin. Then, based on these research results, 3D geological model of reservoir was established. The results show that Chang 4+522 formation has the rock type of fine⁃grained feldspar sandstone; mainly develops subaqueous distributary channel sedimentary microfacies and large thickness, wide distributed and good continuity sand body; belongs to low porosity, low permeability heterogeneous reservoir. On the basis of comprehensive geological studies, the structural model, phase model, porosity and permeability model of Chang 4+522 reservoir in Wuqi oilfield established are accurate and reliable. Studies on reservoir physical characteristics plays a good constraint role in the modeling process. The established 3D static model of the reservoir will serve as the foundation for dynamic flow simulation in the next step. The research approach can also provide reference for the preliminary research of the similar project.
2020, 40 (3): 40-44. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2020.03.008
Preparation of Titanium Dioxide by Direct Calcination and Its Oxidative Desulfurization Performance
Longchang Zhou, Hanlin Liu, Xiuping Li, Rongxiang Zhao
Abstract600)   HTML    PDF (1612KB)(696)      

Titanium sulfate was used as a raw material, and a titanium oxide (TiO2) was prepared by direct high?temperature calcination in a muffle furnace. FT?IR, XRD, UV?Vis, SEM were used to characterize the structure of the catalyst. The results show that the direct calcination method can prepare anatase titanium dioxide and apply it to the oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene. Using acetonitrile as the extractant and titanium oxide as the catalyst, the oxidation method was used to remove dibenzothiophene from the simulated oil. The effects of catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, n(H2O2)/n(S), and different sulfur compounds on the desulfurization effect were investigated, and the recycling performance of the catalyst was also investigated. Under the optimal desulfurization conditions, the desulfurization rates of dibenzothiophene, 4,6?dimethyldibenzothiophene, benzothiophene, and mixed diesel are 99.5%, 35.6%, 65.0%, and 53.4%. After the catalyst was recycled five times, the catalytic desulfurization effect was still as high as 90.3%.

2021, 41 (5): 17-22. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2021.05.003
The Influence and Analysis of HLB on Emulsification and Viscosity of Crude Oil
Zhang Mengke,Wu Yuguo,Chang Xianyang,Lü Wenyi,Wang Tongyu,Zhang Bonan
Abstract572)   HTML    PDF (1605KB)(687)      
Using the OP⁃10 and L61 emulsifiers to configure different hydrophilic equilibrium values (referred to as the HLB),the viscosity test of heavy oil in the second area of the oil production plant of liaohe oilfield was carried out to find out the optimal HLB of the heavy oil.At the same time, FBRM was used to measure the viscosity of heavy oil, and the effect of droplet quantity and particle size on viscous oil viscosity was analyzed.For further study on the viscosity change mechanism of heavy oil emulsion, it can be used to provide reference for the process of heavy oil reduction.Test results show that:the HLB of the emulsifying agent added to the heavy oil emulsion was 9.0,the effect of viscosity is best.At this time, the number of droplet drops to stable, compared with other HLB emulsifiers, the quantity of emulsifier is obviously low, the droplet is evenly distributed and the emulsion is stable.
2019, 39 (2): 27-32. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2019.02.005
Applications Development of Sulfonic Acid Calix[ n]arene
WangXiaomei,YuQihong,ChenPing
Abstract662)      PDF (3246KB)(677)      
The synthesis of two kinds of water-soluble calixarenes-p-sulfonic acid calyx [ n] arene and p-sulfonic acid thiacalixarenes were introduced. The synthesis proposal was  mature and the post-processing was simple. The p-sulfonic acid calyx [ n] arene had good thermal stability, which provided a good basis for the subsequent application research. The application of sulfonated calixarenes in catalysis was illustrated. The strong acidic group meet the acid conditions in the catalytic reactions. In addition, compared with other types of acid catalyst, sulfonated calixarene was easy to separate from the reaction mixture and recycle and reuse, so it was a green organic catalyst; Finally, it showed good performance when it was used as the parent compound in coordination, complexation and molecular ion recognition.
 
2017, 37 (1): 1-7. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.01.001
Research Progress in the Nature of Adsorption and Diffusion on Molecular Sieve
Xia Jiajia,Zhou Ming,Li Tiansong,Wang Xiaoning,Liu Shu,Cui Chang
Abstract663)      PDF (2159KB)(669)      
The paper introduces the structure and composition of zeolite molecular sieves, and it elaborates the property of zeolite molecular sieves. In this paper, the performance of the adsorption and diffusion of substances in zeolite molecular sieves is reviewed, and the paper lists the main methods of measuring the performance of molecular sieve's adsorption and diffusion coefficients. It also introduces the adsorption and diffusion of different types of molecular sieves. In the present study, each method of measuring the adsorption performance of zeolite molecular sieves has certain applicable conditions. Due to the difference of measurement mechanism, boundary conditions and assumptions, the diffusion coefficients obtained by different methods are also different. Therefore, the appropriate measurement method will be selected according to the actual experimental situation. As different molecular sieves have different substrates suitable for adsorption, it has different application values.
2018, 38 (03): 35-39. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.03.007

Research of Liquid Paraffin-Emulsion

Duan Yueying, Cong Yufeng, Huang Wei, Zhao Hongli, Tang Dong, Bai Shuangfu, Guo Jinpeng, Gao Zhu
Abstract655)      PDF (925KB)(666)      

Paraffin emulsion was prepared from liquid paraffin by the means of adding coemulsifier. The effects of the emulsifie species and their dosages, water dosage, emulsifying temperature, and emulsifying time on the paraffin emulsion properties were studied. The results showed that composite emulsifiers could provide better performance for the paraffin emulsion. The influencing factors can be arranged in orderwater dosage>emulsifier dosage>emulsifying temperature>emulsifying time. Stable paraffin emulsion can be prepared under the optimum conditionsm(glycerol monostearate)/m(Tween80)=34, emulsifier dosage 0.9%,emulsifying temperature 85 ℃,emulsifying time 50 minwater dosage 62.0 and stirring speed 1 100 r/min. The experimental result indicated that the liquid paraffinemulsion had better stability density and dispersibility.

2016, 36 (5): 6-9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.05.002

Extractions of Proanthocyanidins from Peanut Red Skin

Wang Fei, Zhang Congcong, Shan Xiantong, Wang Zhanyong
Abstract597)      PDF (4111KB)(656)      

The original anthocyanins from peanut skin can be extracted by using ultrasonic assisted solvent extraction, and the extraction conditions of anthocyanins can be optimized by response surface methodology. Based on the single factor test analysis and Box-Behnken experimental design principle, the optimal conditions which is suitable for the production of the peanut red skin proanthocyanidins was chosen according to the response surface methodology as follows: ethanol concentration is 70%, the solid-liquid ratio is 150, ultrasonic power is 153 W, ultrasonic time is 8 min, the boiled temperature is 60 , the boiled time is 50 min and extraction once. Under this optimum conditions, proanthocyanidins yield is 153.63 mg/g and is very close to the mode expected value 154.33 mg/g.

2016, 36 (6): 14-19. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.06.004
The Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt from MultiMetal Ionic  Solution by P507 and P204
Dong Cunwu, Ye Jianming, Zhang Xia, Meng Maoyong
Abstract627)      PDF (1128KB)(642)      
In this paper, nickel ion and cobalt ion were separated from multimetal ionic solution system using P507/P204 as extraction agent by different two separation process. The extraction process parameters were calculated according to the theory of multistage countercurrent extraction, and the extraction experiment of two different processes were carried out based on the calculated process parameters, the results show that the raw liquid was extracted with P507 at first, the nickel ion was separated from multiple metal ion raw solution and the recovery rate value was up to 99.69%, the recovery rate of cobalt was 98.19%, when the raw liquid was extracted with P204 at first, nickel and cobalt were separated from the raw liquid at simultaneously and then P507 was used to separate nickel and cobalt, by this method, the recovery rate of nickel was 98.39%, the recovery rate of cobalt was 96.59%. Therefore, high recovery rate of nickel and cobalt could be obtained when P507 as extraction agent was used to separate nickel ion from multimetal ion solution initially. 
2014, 34 (3): 26-28. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2014.03.007
Optimization of Synthesis Conditions of Azelaic Acid by Orthogonal Experiment and the Reaction Mechanism
SHI Chun-wei, WANG Yong-chen, CHEN Ye-pu
Abstract322)      PDF (211KB)(638)      
Azelaic acid was synthesized from oleic acid by ozone and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant jointly. According to the L9 (34) orthogonal form the four factors (including the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the flow of ozone, different types of tungsten compounds and phase transfer catalyst) on the yield of azelaic acid were investigated under three different conditions. The results show that the yield of azelaic acid Is up to 70.0% under the following condition: oleic acid 20 g, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution 60 mL, phosphotungstic acid hydrate 0.6 g, CTAB 0.5 g, the concentration of Ozne 4 000 mg/m3. The reaction mechanism of azelaic acid synthesis was also studied, and found that •OH is an important reactant.
2008, 28 (4): 1-3.
Preparation and Performance of Polyaniline Intercalated Molybdenum Trioxide Composites Photocatalysts
Zheng Quan,Fang Wenchao,et al
Abstract773)      PDF (2416KB)(634)      

       The aniline intercalated MoO3 organic-inorganic hybrid compound as precursor was prepared. Then it was treated as Oxidative polymerization in air atmosphere at 120 ℃, the polyaniline intercalated MoO3 composite was constructed. Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as the target degradation material, and the photocatalytic of MoO3 composite was investigated The effects of light time, catalyst dosage and pH value on photocatalytic degradation efficiency were studied. The results show that the MoO3/PANI composites have good photocatalytic degradation effect on Rhodamine B under the conditions of pH value of 1~4, catalyst mass concentration of 0.30~0.40 g/L and illumination time of 2.0 h, moreover that the highest degradation rate is up to 98.00%.

2017, 37 (2): 1-4. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.02.001
Investigation of Factors on the Methanol-Fuel Mixture System
CAO Na, ZHAO De -zhi, ZHANG Fan-jun, CAO Shuang
Abstract356)      PDF (151KB)(625)      
According to micro-emulsification theories, Span80+Tween80+ oleic acid was chosen as the surfactant to prepare methanol-diesel micro- emulsified fuel with many kinds of concentrations ratio. The effects of different mixture ratio of surfactant, amount of methanol, different HLB and different additive on stability of micro-emulsion diesel oil were investigated in more details.As a result, the optimum conditions were found as follows: the value of m(Span80) ∶m(Tween80)∶m(oleic acid) 3∶3∶6, the amount of the surfactant 4%(wt), the additive n-butyl alcohol and the ratio of methanol and fuel oil 1∶8.
2008, 28 (4): 27-29.
The Stability of SiO 2 Sol
QIU Chun-yang,ZHANG Ke-zheng
Abstract563)      PDF (274KB)(621)      
The SiO 2 sol is a kind of colloid solution , with SiO 2 particle dispersing in water or organic solvents , and has been widely used in the industries of the ceramics, textile , papermaking , paint, water treatment and semiconductor and so on .SiO 2 sol was prepared from tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)by sol-gel method with ethanol as solvent and hydrochloric acid as catalyst .The effects of the solvent , the pH value , and additives o n the stability of SiO 2 sol were studied during the so l-gel processing .The effects of these factors can be used to control the stability of the SiO 2 sol .The results show the more the amount of EtOH , the mo re the stability of sol.In the absence o f additives , the stability of sol increases as the pH value is increased.As the pH value is increased , the stability of sol firstly increases, but then decreases when additives are added to the SiO 2 sol.Gelation time becomes long when DMF additive is added to the SiO 2 sol .If the mole ratio of TEABr and TEOS is mo re than 0 .05, TEABr makes g elation time become longer .
2005, 25 (2): 1-4.

Progress in Research of Preparation and Application of Rare Earth Luminescent Nanomaterials

Wang Ying, Ren Hao, Guan Lei
Abstract484)      PDF (992KB)(620)      

With the development of science and technology, more and more materials are coming out, at the same time,the demand for materials is increasing. Rare earth luminescent nanomaterials are different from conventional ones. They have the advantages of good physical and chemical stability, high temperature resistance, narrow luminescence band and high color purity which makes they show good prospect of applications in so many fields, such as light emitting devices, imaging and medicine and have become one of the hot spots. In this paper, the preparation and application of rare earth luminescent nanomaterials are reviewed, and the problems that need to be solved and the development prospects are discussed.

2016, 36 (4): 8-12. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.04.003

Synthesis of CuS by DirectReaction and Their Thermal Degradation of Ammonium Perchlorate

Zeng Ying, Zhang Jing, Cheng Yun, Lai Junling, Luo Genxiang
Abstract698)      PDF (2007KB)(616)      
The flower-like CuS microspheres has been synthesized through elemental-direct-reaction at room temperture in the n (C5H14ONCl)/ n (EG)=1 2 based deep eutectic melt. The prepared CuS sample was characterized by XRD, EDS, SEM and so on, and the formation mechanism of flower-like CuS microspheres has been discussed. Meanwhile, the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been investigated by DTA technique. The results show that: the flower-like CuS microspheres has a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The starting and ending decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate which added 2% CuS were decreased by 30 and 132 , respectively.
2016, 36 (2): 1-4. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.02.001
 Research Stateand Prospective of Natural Gas Hydrates
Tong Le,Yang Shuang chun,Wang Lu,Wang Lili,Rong Jiguang
Abstract944)      PDF (2537KB)(616)      

        In recent years, the natural gas hydrate as a new type of high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection energy was praised by the world's energy industry, and its potential value could not be ignored. The study of gas hydrate was integrated in different countries of the world history, the present research situation and prospect analysis. In view of the natural gas hydrate in China started to be late and a series of actual situation, a set of research strategies suitable for the current development of our country was put forward, and some problems in the process of the actual mining were introduced.

2017, 37 (2): 17-21. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2017.02.004
Numerical Analysis of the GasSolid TwoPhase Based on FLUENT
Gao Dezhen, Li Jialu, Li Dechen, Liu Shu, Wang Xiaoning
Abstract630)      PDF (2420KB)(608)      
The pneumatic transmit experiments with the size of sand of 1.2 mm were carried out with compressed air as pumped in the T pipeline experimental bench. Numerical simulation analysis is carried out of the pneumatic transmit process under different condition of the transmission flow and pressure, whereas the change of pressure drop and gassolid two phase volume fraction in branch pipe was achieved. Numerical simulation results show that, pressure drop is proportional to the transmission flow and pressure in the lower part of the pipe, whereas particle volume fraction is inversely proportional to the transmission flow but proportional to transmission pressure. Gas volume fraction is proportional to flow, but it is inversely proportional to pressure. The simulation results are in good accordance with the experiment results. The study provides relevant basis for the further research of the pneumatic conveying.
2015, 35 (4): 5-8,15. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2015.04.002
A Review of Fabric Defect Detection Methods Based on Computer Vision
Jiyang Han, Jiangtao Cao, Henan Wang, Xiaofei Ji
Abstract729)   HTML    PDF (696KB)(601)      

For a long time, fabric defect detection has been completed by quality inspectors. Meanwhile, the process of defect discrimination is greatly affected by subjective factors and has the problems of low detection efficiency and high cost. With the close combination of computer vision technology and various fields, fabric defect detection system based on vision has gradually become an important solution to replace manual quality inspection. For the fabric defect detection based on vision, this paper reviews the aspects including industry development, general detection standards, overall structure of the system and key technologies in detection algorithms, introduces the existing fabric defect detection products based on vision in the market, analyzes the common defect detection standards and the basic structure of the detection system, and summarizes and compares the research status of image processing and deep learning technology in the field of fabric defect detection in recent years. Finally, the paper summarizes the key problems to be solved, and discusses the possible development direction in the future.

2022, 42 (1): 70-77. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.01.013
Research Status of Leakage Detection Technology for Long⁃Distance Oil Pipelines
Ying Guo, Lijian Yang, Baishun Zhao, He Zhang
Abstract410)   HTML33)    PDF (1683KB)(591)      

With the development of artificial intelligence technology and big data Internet technology, the pipeline leak detection technology is developing in the direction of intelligence. Based on the classification of continuous pipeline leak detection technology and discontinuous pipeline leak detection technology, this paper introduced the principles of various leak detection methods, summarized and analyzed the research status of long?distance oil pipeline leak detection technology at home and abroad. The application of combined oil pipeline leak detection and location technology in long?distance oil pipeline detection was prospected.

2022, 42 (4): 25-31. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.04.005
Development of Asphalt for Flame Retardancy
GUO Jin -cun,LIAO Ke -jian,et al
Abstract386)      PDF (261KB)(590)      
Asphalt for flame retardancy was investigated by adding flame retardant to Liaohe 70 # high -quality paving asphalt . The performance of flame retardancy and synergism of DBPDO, Sb 2O 3 , ZnBO 3 and Mg(OH) 2 were examined by using the method of oxygen index and comburent flame level.The performance of smoke inhibiting on asphalt between Al(OH) 3 and complexing smoke inhibitor was also studied .The results show that DBPDO, Sb 2O 3 , ZnBO 3 and Mg(OH) 2 exhibit some positive effect on asphalt flame retardancy .The flame retardancy effect of DBPDO is superior to Sb 2O 3 , ZnBO 3 and Mg(OH) 2.But it has greater smoke generation to the others .There is good synergism flame retardancy between Sb 2O 3 and DBPDO.Al(OH) 3 and complex smoke inhibitors act as not only good flame retardant , but also good smoke inhibitor .The effect of flame retardancy and smoke inhibiting are best w hen they were added to asphalt according to certain proportion.Oxygen index of asphalt for flame retardancy reaches 36 .5 % and comburent flame level is the first grade .The amount of smoke generation is lower .
2005, 25 (2): 5-8.
Research Progress of Porous Solid Materials for CO 2 Adsorption and Removal
Siqi Tong, Weiwei Jian, Qiuyan Hai, Weixin Xie, Yi Sun
Abstract806)   HTML    PDF (672KB)(582)      

As the greenhouse effect becomes gradually significant, CO2 capture and storage (CCS) has turned into a potential emission reduction measure, and the adsorption method of CO2 capture is one of the most promising technologies. Porous solid adsorbents have attracted widespread attention due to their excellent CO2 adsorption performance. This review focused on the research of CO2 removal by adsorption. Five different adsorption materials were introduced, and the main factors affecting CO2 adsorption were summarized, as well as the adsorption performance of modified materials. The results show that the changes of temperature, pressure, and pore structure can affect the physical adsorption properties of the materials; reduction, oxidation, and metal ion loading modification can improve the CO2 adsorption performance by Changing the type or number of functional groups on the surface of the material.

2022, 42 (2): 30-37. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.02.005
Transesterification of Soybean Oil With Ethanol to Biodiesel Using Solid Acid Catalyst
YUAN Li, ZHANG Xiao-li, GAO Wen-yi, REN Li-guo
Abstract354)      PDF (169KB)(576)      
New carbon-based solid acid catalyst was synthesized from starch and p-toluene sulfonic acid,and applied for the preparation of biodiesel with soybean oil and ethanol. The effect of reaction conditions such as the reaction time, reaction temperature, the molar ratio of ethanol with soybean oil, the amount of catalyst to the yield of biodiesel was investigated. The new carbon-based solid acid catalyst shows high catalytic activity and good stability, and can easily be separated from the products. The optimal conditions are: the molar ratio of ethanol to soybean oil 8∶1, the amount of catalyst is the quality of soybean oil 7.0%(w), reaction time 8 h , reaction temperature 80 ℃. Under optimum condition, the yield of biodiesel could reach 67.4%.
2008, 28 (2): 4-7.
Application of Clustering Analysis to Stock Analysis
LI Qing -dong
Abstract609)      PDF (213KB)(567)      
    Now there are almost two thousand stocks in Chinese stock market .While investing stock , it' s necessary to analyze and select stocks .In order to reduce investment risk , stocks that have strong profit-gaining abilities and better financial index es should be invested .But there are many kinds of stock evaluating index es that contain different meaning s.How to synthesize various kinds of indexes becomes very important.Clustering analysis method is adopted to analyze and classify petroleum and chemical block in the stock market .As a result , clustering analysis can reflect the profit -gaining ability and development level of marketing company by synthesizing plenty of financial indexes, which provides a better base for classifying and evaluating company .
2005, 25 (3): 94-96.
Ansys Analysis of Rubber O-Sealing Ring
WANG Jie, XIE Yu-jun
Abstract495)      PDF (387KB)(564)      
By utilizing finite element analysis software ANSYS, a finite element model for rubber O-sealing ring and its boundry was set up.The change of shape and stress distribution under different oil pressure and initial compressibility was analyzed, and the relations between maximum contact stress, oil pressure and initial compressibility was deduced. Then the position of possible crack was described , which is a theoretical basis for reasonable installation and use.
2008, 28 (4): 48-50.
Research Progress on Lithium Extraction Technology by Electrodialysis
Yang Wang, Qiao Han, Zhanxu Yang
Abstract572)   HTML70)    PDF (1984KB)(564)      

This paper summarized the separation effects of different electrodialysis systems on lithium in Salt Lake, including single selective electrodialysis, ionic liquid membrane and bipolar membrane, among which ionic liquid membrane with a broad development prospect possesses the characteristics of high recognition of Li+, long?term stability under electrolysis and low energy consumption. Furthermore, the advantages, disadvantages and tendency of prospective development of different electrodialysis systems in lithium extraction from Salt Lake were analyzed, and the industrialization research on the application of electrodialysis systems for lithium extraction from Salt Lake was analyzed.

2023, 43 (1): 1-7. DOI: 10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2023.01.001
Relationship Between the Valence Electron Structure and Hardness and Melting Point of Tungsten
LI Fei, ZHAO Xia, JIN Yu-hua, LI Xin
Abstract588)      PDF (160KB)(562)      
 
Based on the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules (EET), the valence electron structure and bond energy values on each bond in tungsten crystals were calculated. Moreover, the bond network distribution of phase space and the relationship between bond energy and melting point were studied. The results show that the tungsten crystal has the higher hardness because the strongest bond (nA=0.435 79) and the second strongest bond (nB=0.085 62 )in W cell constitute a solid network structure. The metal W shows a higher melting point is attributed to the bond energy EA of the strongest bond is higher (113.865 87 kJ/mol).
2010, 30 (3): 21-23. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2010.03.006
 
Experimental on Viscosity-Temperature Characteristics and Rheological Properties for Crude Oil of Panjin Pipeline
JIANG Yong-ming,WU Ming,XIE Fei,HONG Hai-yan,WANG Jun,LIU Yong-feng,HU Zong-liu
Abstract385)      PDF (183KB)(560)      
 
In order to provide the basic data for the study on safe and economic operation under low throughput of Panjin pipeline,an experimental study on viscosity-temperature characteristics and rheological properties for crude oil of Panjin pipeline was carried out.The viscosity-temperature equation and the rheological equation for crude oil of Panjin pipeline were regressed.The viscosity-temperature curve and rheological curve at the different test temperature were drew.The results show that when the test temperature is at 50~80 ℃, the crude oil of Panjin pipeline shows Newtonian fluid behavior, and the regressed equation fits of the experimental data in higher degree.
2011, 31 (2): 24-26. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2011.02.008
Apply on Oil -Air Lubrication System of the Machine Pump Cluster in Petrochemical Device
SUN Chun -yi, QIU Di -fan
Abstract325)      PDF (205KB)(559)      
    Along with developing continuously of the lubrication technology , appeared the oil -air lubrication to a technique ,the characteristics and work principle and system constitute of the oil - air lubrication were introduced.The key that the machine pump cluster of petrochemical equipment applied the oil-air lubrication was elaborated.The process of the lubricate calculation and the lubricate film calculation of oil-air two interblend fluid was discussed .With Y type oil pump lubrication of atmospheric -vacuum distillation device for example , the function of oil-air lubrication was explained .The result shows that this kind of technique has wide applied foreground in the petroleum chemical engineering profession .
2008, 28 (1): 28-30.
Heat Transfer Oil Pipeline Pressure Calculation
Wang Guowei, Wang Shengzhi, Wang Weimin
Abstract893)      PDF (1115KB)(559)      
According to the actual production, in order to guarantee asphalt tank heating of the heat transfer oil could smooth return to the heat transfer oil boiler and generally appropriated heat conduction oil pressure. For the whole pipeline pressure drop was calculated, and the friction of pipe and partial friction had carried on the detailed discussion and calculation, and the total pressure dropped along the pipeline. Through the relevant data to calculate the flow rate of heat conduction oil, the pressure centrifugal pump selection scheme of ascension was selected.
2014, 34 (5): 36-38,43. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2014.05.010
Optimal Consensus of Heterogeneous Multi⁃Agent Systems Based on Q⁃Learning
Weiran Cheng, Jinna Li
Abstract210)   HTML12)    PDF (674KB)(557)      

This paper proposes a model?free control protocol design method based on off?policy reinforcement learning for solving the optimal consensus problem of heterogeneous multi?agent systems with leaders. The dynamic expression of local neighborhood error is complicated for the heterogeneous multi?agent systems because of its different system state matrices. Compared with the existing solution of designing observer for distributed control of multi?agent system, the method of solving global neighborhood error state expression proposed in this paper reduces the complexity of calculation. Firstly, the dynamic expression of global neighborhood error of multi?agent system constructed from augmented variables is established. Secondly, the coupled Bellman equation and HJB equation are obtained through the value function of quadratic form. Then, the Nash equilibrium solution of the multi?agent optimal consensus is obtained by solving the optimal solution of the coupled HJB equation, and the Nash equilibrium proof is given. Thirdly, an off?policy Q?learning algorithm is proposed to learn the Nash equilibrium solution of the multi?agent optimal consensus. Then, the proposed algorithm is implemented by using the critic neural network structure and gradient descent method. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

2022, 42 (4): 59-67. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.04.011
Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol as a Model Compound of Lignin: A Review
Qichang Guo, Jingbo Mao, Chunyu Liu, Yufeng Jia, Jinxia Zhou
Abstract567)   HTML56)    PDF (647KB)(554)      

Guaiacol (GUA) is extensively used as the model compound in catalytic studies of lignin, a most abundant renewable aromatic resource in nature. However, GUA is not easy to obtain good activity and selectivity in the hydrodeoxygenation reaction due to its complex structure with various reaction possibilities. So far, researchers have done great efforts to develop efficient catalysts and reaction processes for breakthroughs. This paper reviewed the research progress of transition metal catalysts and noble metal catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of GUA, and discussed the reaction pathways and the factors which may affect the catalytic behavior, particularly focusing on their catalytic conversions of GUA to phenol or cyclohexanol through CAR-O bond cleavages and aromatic ring saturation. A prospect regarding the future research directions on the catalyst improvement and reaction process optimization were also presented.

2022, 42 (5): 1-12. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2022.05.001

The Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Executive Compensation and the Corporate Performance of Listed CompaniesTaking Listed Companies of Jiangsu Province as the Example

Luan Xiuyun,Lu Ye,Yu Dan
Abstract497)      PDF (955KB)(551)      
The multiple linear regression model was established in the base of related theoty of executive compensation and corporate performance, calculating the comprehensive scores of corporate performance from PCA with the samples of listed companies in Jiangsu province, to research the relationship between the executive compensation and corporate performance. The political suggestions to improve the salary incentive mechanism and solve principal-agent problem were put forward.
2016, 36 (2): 69-73. DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1672-6952.2016.02.017
Research Progress in Preparation and Catalytic Performance of the Carbon-Based Non Noble Metal Catalysts
Yang Fan, Li Yongfeng
Abstract722)      PDF (2833KB)(547)      
The research and development of carbon-based non noble metal catalysts is one of the leading directions in the field of materials science and catalysis. Although, compared with conventional noble metal catalysts, it has the unique advantages of large surface area, wide source, low cost, environmental friendliness, corrosion resistance and so on. Combining the research progress of carbon-based non noble metal catalysts at home and abroad in recent years, the synthesis methods and research status of graphenebased non-metal catalysts, graphene-based non-precious metal oxide catalysts and carbon materials dispersed nonprecious metal catalysts are reviewed.
2018, 38 (02): 1-8. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2018.02.001
Detection and Purification of Helium in Natural Gas of Songliao Basin
Wang Tianhao, Lü Xuechuan, Gao Xiaohan, Gao Luxi
Abstract564)   HTML    PDF (885KB)(541)      
Helium is one of the rare strategic materials indispensable to the development of national defense and high⁃tech industries. Helium resources in China are quite poor, and helium is basically imported from the United States. Although helium content in natural gas is relatively low and difficult to extract, natural gas is still the only source of industrial production of helium. Therefore, it is great significance to study and establish a suitable technology for the determination of helium content in natural gas in oilfield, and to provide a scientific basis for the extraction of helium from natural gas. Gas chromatographic method is used to survey and quantitative analysize the helium content in natural gas from Songliao basin. The helium content in natural gas from Songliao basin is relatively low, but the content is relatively stable
2020, 40 (5): 18-21. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2020.05.003
Research Progress in Surface and Interface Control of Silicon⁃Based Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
Zhang Li, Zhao Xuebo
Abstract748)   HTML    PDF (2512KB)(540)      
Among the anode materials, silicon is an ideal anode material for high⁃energy and high⁃power lithium ion batteries because of its exceptionally high theoretical capacity (4 200 mA·h/g) and low operation potential (~0.4 V vs Li/Li+). However, the huge volume change of silicon anode material during Li+ insertion/extraction processes causes serious structural damage and rapid capacity decay. In this paper, the lithium storage mechanism, structure evolution process, interface reaction and dynamic behavior of silicon anode material were explored. The recent progress of surface and interface modification methods, focusing on silicon electrode surface modification, electrolyte optimization and binder development, and their applications in lithium⁃ion batteries were reviewed. Challenges and perspectives about the future development of the surface and interface control of silicon anode were proposed.
2020, 40 (4): 49-58. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6952.2020.04.008