Abstract: The technology of water plugging in the oil well is more and more concerned with its low cost, low damage and long period of validity. But in the application, it is found that the effect of water shutoff and profile control of active crude oil in different blocks is quite different. Plugging measures effect is obvious in some fields, while in the others, it is very poor. The reason is that the content of gum and asphaltene in crude oil components of different blocks is quite different, and this substance will have a great influence on the emulsification effect of active crude oil. In order to improve the level of active⁃crude⁃oil water plugging technology fundamentally, on the basis of extensive investigation and research, the influence factors of emulsifier structures and crude oil composition on oil⁃in⁃water emulsion are studied, through the laboratory emulsification experiment and spectral analysis. It is concluded that the longer the length of the oil⁃wet carbon⁃carbon single chain of the Span series of emulsifier, the greater the viscosity of the emulsion. The existence of double bond is not conducive to the formation of emulsion and the emulsion viscosity is low. The composition of 5 aromatic rings in the gum is conducive to the dissolution of asphaltenes, while the planar arrangement of 5 aromatic rings will increase the viscosity of the emulsion.

Key words: Water shutoff, Active crude oil, Crude oil component, Emulsifier, Emulsion

摘要： 在油井堵水技术中,活性原油堵水技术以其低成本、低伤害、有效期长等特点越来越受到人们的关注。但是在应用中发现，不同区块进行活性原油堵水调剖效果差异较大，有些区块措施效果明显，而另一些区块则效果很差，分析原因为不同区块原油组分中胶质、沥青质含量差异较大，而该物质会对活性原油乳化效果产生较大的影响。为了从根本上提高活性原油堵水技术水平，通过室内乳化实验和光谱实验分析了乳化剂结构和原油组分对油包水乳状液的影响因素。分析得出，乳化剂Span系列的亲油端碳碳单链长度越长，乳状液黏度越大；而双键的存在不利于形成乳状液，且形成的乳状液黏度低；胶质中的5个芳香环排列组成的成分有利于沥青质的溶解，同时5个芳香环的面性排列会增加乳状液的黏度。

关键词: 堵水, 活性原油, 原油组分, 乳化剂, 乳状液