Abstract: Bentonite was modified by hexamethyl hexyl diammonium methylsulfate (HDAS), hexamethyl decyl diammonium methylsulfate (DDAS), hexamethonium bromide (HMB) and decamethonium bromide (DMB), respectively. The microstructures of the organobentonites were characterized using N₂ adsorption technique, infrared spectral (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results show that the specific surface area of the organobentonites is increased, while the pore volumes of two organobentonites are increase and other two are decrease. The bis-quaternary ammonium salts are intercalated into bentonite interlayer and arranged in monolayer, without changing the layer skeleton structure of silicate. The alkyl chain length and the matching anion of the quaternary ammonium salts have some impact on the microstructure of organobentonite.

Key words: Bis-quaternary ammonium salts, Organobentonite, Modified, Characterization

摘要： 　以六甲基己二铵二甲硫酸盐（ＨＤＡＳ）、六甲基癸二铵二甲硫酸盐（ＤＤＡＳ）、１，６－二溴己二铵盐（ＨＭＢ）及１，１０－二溴癸二铵盐（ＤＭＢ）为有机改性剂，制备双季铵型有机膨润土。采用氮吸附技术、Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、红外光谱（ＩＲ）及热分析（ＴＧ）手段表征有机膨润土的微观结构。结果表明，有机改性后，膨润土ＢＥＴ比表面积增加，孔体积有增有减；各种双季铵型成功进入到膨润土层间，并以单层平卧的方式排列，未改变膨润土层状硅酸盐骨架结构；季铵盐改性剂烷基链链长及配对阴离子对膨润土的微观结构有一定影响。　

关键词: 双季铵盐 , 有机膨润土 , 改性 , 表征