Abstract: The crude oil fractions (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) were obtained by classic SARA method. The acidic components were extracted from Dongxin crude oil by using NaOH/EtOH mixed solution. The interfacial tension and dilational rheological properties of all crude oil components were investigated at the kerosenewater interface by means of oscillating drop method. The results show that all crude oil components have interfacial active and can reduce the interfacial tension, and saturates can reduce interfacial tension dramatically at high bulk concentration due to the hydrolysis of esters. Their interfacial dilational elasticity passes through a maximum with increasing bulk concentration. The order of maximum values of elasticityis saturates>aromatics≈asphaltenes>acidic components≈resins. Wax precipitates from saturatesat high concentration,which greatly enhances the strength of interfacial film and provides high value of elasticity, and interfacial reaction results in high value of viscosity.

Key words: Dongxin crude oil,    ,  SARA,    ,  Crude oil fractions,    , Interface,    ,  Dilational rheology

摘要： 从东辛原油中分离得到饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质以及酸性组分,通过滴外形分析方法研究了各原油组分模拟油与地层水间的界面张力及界面扩张流变性质。结果表明,各类活性组分都具有界面活性,酯类组分的水解使得饱和分在高浓度时降低界面张力能力较强;扩张弹性随质量分数增大通过一个极大值,其高低顺序为: 饱和分>芳香分曋沥青质>胶质曋酸性组分;饱和分中蜡组分在高浓度时以蜡晶形式析出,大大增强界面膜强度, 造成较高的弹性,同时界面反应过程导致其较高的黏性。

关键词: 东辛原油 , 四组分分离方法 , 原油组分 , 界面 , 扩张流变