Abstract:

The study of the environmental hazards of chemical gas pipeline rupture is of great significance to the design of explosion prevention measures and the development of emergency response programs. Taking a typical overhead gas pipeline as the research object, the environmental hazards of the whole process of natural gas leakage diffusion, jet fire, vapor cloud flash fire and explosion accident development were analyzed. The results show that when designing explosion-proof measures and formulating emergency plans, the explosion risk area should be calculated according to the low wind speed. Natural gas leakage mainly affects the chemical park B area, office buildings A， B， C, street stores A. The downwind direction of the occurrence of jet fire accident 8.7~76.1 m is a high-risk area, affecting the area of the chemical park B area, office buildings B and the street stores A. The area affected by the vapor cloud flash fire is Chemical Park B, Chemical Park A, Office Buildings A, B, C, D, Street Shops A, Residential Area A, the main road and the edge of the Science and Technology Park, so the area should be evacuated in advance of the fire. Natural gas explosion damage area is downwind -47.1~67.2 m, mainly affecting the chemical park B, chemical park A, office buildings B, street stores A, residential neighborhoods A.

Key words: Gas pipeline, Rupture, Environmental hazards, Diffusion, Fire

摘要：

研究化工燃气管道的破裂对环境的危害，对设计防爆措施和制定应急方案具有重要意义。以典型架空燃气管道为研究对象，分析了燃气泄漏扩散、喷射火、蒸气云闪火及爆炸事故发展的全过程对环境的危害。结果表明，在设计防爆措施和制定应急方案时，应按照低风速下爆炸风险区域计算；燃气泄漏主要影响化工园区B区，办公楼A、B、C，街面商铺A；发生喷射火事故时下风向8.7~76.1 m为高危险区，影响区域为化工园区B区，办公楼B，街面商铺A；蒸气云闪火影响区域为化工园区B区，化工园区A区，办公楼A、B、C、D，街面商铺A，居民小区A，主要路面及科技园区边缘，因此在火灾前期应提前对该区域进行人员疏散；燃气爆炸破坏区域为下风向—47.1~67.2 m，主要影响化工园区B区，化工园区A区，办公楼B，街面商铺A，居民小区A。

关键词: 燃气管道, 破裂, 环境危害, 扩散, 火灾