The Impact of Micro⁃Nano Bubbles on the Viscosity Retention Rate and Structure of HPAM Solution

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2023.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

During the injection process, micro?nano bubbles are generated in the oil?displacing agent polyacrylamide (HPAM) system. This will lead to the oxidative degradation of HPAM and the loss of viscosity. In order to determine the effect of micro?nano bubbles on the change rule of the viscosity retention rate and structure of HPAM solution, the viscosity retention rate at different aeration conditions was studied, and technologies such as dynamic laser scattering, biological microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy were carried out. Results showed that the viscosity retention rate of HPAM sample, which was prepared with simulated mineralized water after 20 mins circulation of the micro?nano bubbles generator with air as the gas source, decreases the most, and its viscosity average molecular weight is also the lowest. This is attributed to the chemical reaction between oxygen and HPAM molecules in the solution, leading to oxidative degradation. The micro?nano bubbles containing air increase the solubility of oxygen in the solution and generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH), thereby reducing the viscosity retention. In the absence of inflation, micro?nano bubbles are formed in the HPAM solution during the preparation process due to mechanical shear, but the high concentration of the solution hinders the dispersion of micro?nano bubbles, thereby slowing down the decrease in viscosity retention. In addition, micro?nano bubbles have a longer stabilization time in solution than large bubbles, and will affect the particle size distribution of the polymer, resulting in uneven particle size distribution and larger average particle size.

Key words: Micro?nano bubbles, HPAM solution, Viscosity retention rate, Oxidative degradation

摘要：

海上油田聚合物驱配液过程产生的微纳米气泡氧化降解会造成聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）黏度损失。分析了不同充气条件下HPAM溶液黏度保留率的变化规律，并结合动态激光散射、生物显微镜、红外光谱等技术研究了驱配液过程中微纳米气泡对HPAM溶液结构的影响。结果表明，以空气为气源，用微纳米气泡发生器循环20 min后的模拟矿化水配制的HPAM溶液黏度保留率下降幅度最大，黏均相对分子质量也最低。这是由于氧气与溶液中的HPAM分子发生化学反应，出现了氧化降解现象，含有空气的微纳米气泡增大了溶液中氧气的溶解度并产生了羟基自由基（·OH），导致黏度保留率降低；不充气时，由于机械剪切作用HPAM溶液在配制过程中也会产生微纳米气泡，但溶液质量浓度过大，不利于微纳米气泡的分散，从而减缓了黏度保留率的降低幅度；微纳米气泡在溶液中的稳定时间比大气泡更长，且会影响聚合物的粒径分布，使其平均粒径增大，粒径分布不均匀。

关键词: 微纳米气泡, HPAM溶液, 黏度保留率, 氧化降解

CLC Number:

TQ317.6

Hong Zhang, Bin Yang, Tinghui Hu, Daming Xu, Runsen Gan, Hui Zhang. The Impact of Micro⁃Nano Bubbles on the Viscosity Retention Rate and Structure of HPAM Solution[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2023, 36(3): 24-30.

张洪, 杨彬, 胡廷惠, 徐大明, 干润森, 张辉. 微纳米气泡对HPAM溶液黏度保留率及结构的影响[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2023, 36(3): 24-30.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1 The mass content of inorganic ions in the simulated mineralized water

无机离子	质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
Cl^-	845.52
SO $4 2 -$	43.62
CO $3 2 -$	107.14
HCO $3 -$	924.45
Na⁺	900.00
K⁺	50.89
Mg²⁺	18.83
Ca²⁺	11.78

Table 1 The mass content of inorganic ions in the simulated mineralized water

无机离子	质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
Cl^-	845.52
SO $4 2 -$	43.62
CO $3 2 -$	107.14
HCO $3 -$	924.45
Na⁺	900.00
K⁺	50.89
Mg²⁺	18.83
Ca²⁺	11.78

Table 2 Preparation method and experimental method of HPAM solution

样品编号	制备方法	实验方法
1^#	在60 ℃下，用精密增力电动搅拌器，以300 r/min的转速搅拌模拟矿化水，将HPAM干粉均匀地沿搅拌产生的旋涡边缘加入其中，搅拌1.5 h，配制4 000 mg/L的HPAM溶液，记为1^#样品	将配制好的1^#样品静置20 min，测其初始黏度，然后密封放入恒温干燥箱中在60 ℃下老化，每隔1 d取出测一次黏度
2^#	按1^#样品所述方法测其初始黏度后，再使用气泡石向溶液中充空气20 min，密封放入恒温干燥箱60 ℃下老化，得到2^#样品	将2^#样品每隔1 d取出测一次黏度，再次通入空气20 min，密封恒温保存，如此循环
3^#	按1^#样品所述方法测其初始黏度后，以氮气为气源，按2^#样品制备方法得到3^#样品	同2^#样品实验方法进行实验
4^#	以空气为气源，用微纳米气泡发生器循环模拟矿化水20 min，用该水样配制HPAM溶液，得到4^#样品	同1^#样品实验方法进行实验
5^#	以氮气为气源，按4^#样品制备方法得到5^#样品	同1^#样品实验方法进行实验
6^#	以空气为气源，用气泡石向模拟矿化水中充气20 min，用该水样配制HPAM溶液，得到6^#样品	同1^#样品实验方法进行实验
7^#	以氮气为气源，按6^#样品制备方法得到7^#样品	同1^#样品实验方法进行实验

Fig.1 Effect of aeration time on viscosity retention rate of HPAM solution

Fig.2 Relationship between viscosity retention rate of HPAM solution and time under different aeration conditions

Table 3 Oxygen mass content of mineralized water simulated under different aeration conditions

充气方式	ρ（氧）/（mg·L^-1）
不充气	7.02
气泡石充空气	20.35
微纳米气泡发生器充空气	22.31
气泡石充氮气	0.32
微纳米气泡发生器充氮气	1.26

Fig.3 Relationship between viscosity retention rate of HPAM solution with different mass content and time

Table 4 Molecular weight of HPAM samples

样品编号	黏均相对分子质量×10^-4
1^#	3 262
2^#	3 473
3^#	3 945
4^#	3 246
5^#	3 738
6^#	3 902
7^#	4 199

Fig.4 Microscopic photographs of 1#，4# and 6# samples before and after aging

Fig.5 The dundar phenomenon of 1# and 4# samples before and after aging

Fig.6 Particle size distribution of five samples

Fig.7 Infrared spectra of several samples before and after aging

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