Research Progress of Application of Coal⁃Based Carbon Anode Materials in Lithium⁃Ion Batteries

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2022.06.002

Abstract

Abstract:

As carbon peak and carbon neutrality become a global consensus,electrochemical energy storage technologies and related industries have been developing rapidly.The demand for electrode materials is also increasing steadily.How to prepare high?performance anode materials with widely available and low?cost precursors has thus become a research hot spot both in China and abroad.Coal is the most promising precursor for anode materials because of its high carbon content,abundant reserves,and low price.In recent years,researchers have prepared various anode materials,such as amorphous carbon,graphite,carbon nanotubes, and graphene,from coal and studied their application in lithium?ion batteries in depth.This paper summarized the research progress of three typical coal?based carbon anode materials in lithium?ion batteries.Then, it reviewed their synthesis methods,optimization and modification,and electrochemical performance.Finally,the paper presented an outlook on the development and application of coal?based carbon anode materials.

Key words: Lithium?ion battery, Anode material, Coal?based carbon material, Synthesis method

摘要：

随着碳达峰、碳中和成为全球共识，电化学储能技术和相关产业得到了飞速发展，与此同时电极材料的需求也与日俱增。因此，如何利用来源广泛、成本低廉的前驱体制备高性能负极材料成为国内外研究的热点。煤炭因具有碳含量高、储量丰富和价格低廉等特点成为最有潜力的负极材料前驱体。近年来，研究者以煤炭为原料制备了无定型碳、石墨、碳纳米管和石墨烯等负极材料，并对其在锂离子电池中的应用进行了深入研究。总结了三类典型的煤基碳负极材料在锂离子电池中应用的研究进展，并对其合成方法、优化改性及电化学性能等方面进行了综述，最后对煤基碳负极材料的发展及应用进行了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 煤基碳材料, 合成方法

CLC Number:

TQ536

Lixing Zhang, Xiong Zhang, Chen Li, Zhiyong Wu, Taoming Zeng, Xiangdong Ma. Research Progress of Application of Coal⁃Based Carbon Anode Materials in Lithium⁃Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2022, 35(6): 10-18.

张利星, 张熊, 李晨, 吴志勇, 曾涛明, 马向东. 煤基碳负极材料在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2022, 35(6): 10-18.

Figures/Tables 7

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煤基碳负极材料	合成方法	首周可逆比容量/(mA⋅h⋅g^-1)	首周库仑效率/%	电压（vs.Li/Li⁺）/V	电流密度（充放电倍率）	循环次数	循环后比容量/(mA⋅h⋅g^-1)	容量保持率/%	参考文献
煤基软碳	高温热处理	384.5	66.4	1.0×10^-3~2.0	0.1 A/g	100	318.8	82.9	[22]
煤基石墨	高温石墨化	324.6	87.5	1.0×10^-2~2.0	2.0 C	100	174.6	95.3	[27]
煤基膨胀石墨	高温石墨化、微波辐射	351.6	64.3	1.0×10^-2~3.0	0.2 C	300	278.0	79.1	[30]
煤基碳纳米管	电弧放电法	337.6	53.7	0~3.0	25 mA/g	100	450.1	-	[42]
煤基多孔石墨烯	高温石墨化、Hummers氧化还原法	943.0	46.2	1.0×10^-2~3.0	1.0 C	110	601.0	98.0	[62]
C⁃GQDs@ α⁃Fe₂O₃	电化学沉积	1 913.9	78.04	1.0×10^-2~3.0	1.0 A/g	110	1 320.0	83.4	[63]
煤基多孔碳纳米球	电弧放电法、KOH溶液活化法	497.5	41.8	0~3.0	0.1 A/g	200	844.9	-	[64]

煤基碳负极材料	合成方法	首周可逆比容量/(mA⋅h⋅g^-1)	首周库仑效率/%	电压（vs.Li/Li⁺）/V	电流密度（充放电倍率）	循环次数	循环后比容量/(mA⋅h⋅g^-1)	容量保持率/%	参考文献
煤基软碳	高温热处理	384.5	66.4	1.0×10^-3~2.0	0.1 A/g	100	318.8	82.9	[22]
煤基石墨	高温石墨化	324.6	87.5	1.0×10^-2~2.0	2.0 C	100	174.6	95.3	[27]
煤基膨胀石墨	高温石墨化、微波辐射	351.6	64.3	1.0×10^-2~3.0	0.2 C	300	278.0	79.1	[30]
煤基碳纳米管	电弧放电法	337.6	53.7	0~3.0	25 mA/g	100	450.1	-	[42]
煤基多孔石墨烯	高温石墨化、Hummers氧化还原法	943.0	46.2	1.0×10^-2~3.0	1.0 C	110	601.0	98.0	[62]
C⁃GQDs@ α⁃Fe₂O₃	电化学沉积	1 913.9	78.04	1.0×10^-2~3.0	1.0 A/g	110	1 320.0	83.4	[63]
煤基多孔碳纳米球	电弧放电法、KOH溶液活化法	497.5	41.8	0~3.0	0.1 A/g	200	844.9	-	[64]

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