Abstract: While water exists in the waxy crude oil, gelling process of this non⁃Newtonian oil⁃water two⁃phase system not only has the properties of waxy crude oil but also its own specific characteristic as decrease of temperature. Both the gelling temperature limit and change rule of gelling strength in W/O waxy crude oil emulsion system under different emulsified water fractions, were investigated by rheological measurement. The results indicate that the characteristic gelling temperature and the strength of the gels increase with the increasing of emulsified water fraction, when the temperature decreasing at a certain rate; the gelling temperature in W/O waxy crude oil emulsion system of any given emulsified water fraction rises with the increasing of cooling rate, while the gelling strength decreased with the cooling rate rising under the constant pressure. The research results of the effect of emulsified water on the gelling characteristic for waxy crude oil at cooling process provides necessary support for the development and application of flow technology for multiphase transportation.

Key words: Gelling temperature, Gelling strength, Emulsion, Waxy crude oil, Rheological measurement

摘要： 水相存在于含蜡原油体系中时，随着温降过程的发生，非牛顿型油水乳化体系的胶凝行为在具备含蜡原油属性的同时又具有其自身的特性。针对油包水型（W/O）含蜡原油乳状液，考虑乳化水质量分数的影响，基于流变测量方法，识别并表征了不同乳化环境下W/O型含蜡原油乳状液体系的胶凝温度界限及胶凝结构强度变化规律。结果表明，随着乳化水含量的增加，以一定速率降温过程中体系的胶凝特征温度升高，相应胶凝过程中形成凝胶体的结构强度增大；在恒应力作用下，温降速率增大，任一乳化水含量W/O型含蜡原油乳状液体系的胶凝特征温度均呈升高趋势，而体系的胶凝结构强度随温降速率的增大逐渐减弱。乳化水对含蜡原油降温胶凝过程特性影响规律的揭示为多相输送流动保障技术的开发与应用提供了必要数据和依据。

关键词: 胶凝温度, 胶凝强度, 乳状液, 含蜡原油, 流变测量