Abstract: After multiple rounds of steam huff and puff processes, problems of excessive steam injection pressure, a large heat loss, a small sweep range of steam, and steam channeling arise, thus severely affecting the effective utilization of the oil reservoir. To solve these problems, one dimensional and three dimensional (3D) physical simulation tools were used to study the plugging performance of high temperature composite foamsby adding tanning extract and alkali lignin. The influence of reservoir temperature, salinity of formation water, and injection methods was investigated. The experimental results show that the foam can produce a synergistic effect with both the gel systems, indicating that the gel increases the stability of the foam. The foam can transfer more gel into the high permeability formation, thus efficiently controlling the foam. The 3D physical simulation experiments indicate that both the systems enhance the recovery of heavy oil reservoir and reduce its moisture content significantly using steam injection. The method involving tannin extract foam and steam injection increased the recovery by 20% compared to the foam involving only steam injection. The method involving alkali lignin foam and steam injection increased the recovery by 11%.

Key words: Tannin, Alkali lignin, Super extra heavy oil, Thermal recovery, Nitrogen foam

摘要： 超稠油油藏经多轮次蒸汽吞吐工艺后, 易出现注汽压力过高、 热损失大、 蒸汽波及范围小、 汽窜等问题, 严重影响油藏的有效动用。针对超稠油油藏这一开采难题, 采用一维、 三维物理模拟手段研究了分别添加栲胶、碱木素的强化泡沫体系在油藏温度、 地层水矿化度、 注入方式等影响因素下的封堵性能。结果表明, 泡沫与两种凝胶体系均产生协同效应, 体现为凝胶强化了泡沫的稳定性, 而泡沫可携带凝胶更多的进入高渗层, 进而实现泡沫体系的高效调剖; 三维物理模拟实验表明,伴随蒸汽分别注入两种体系均可提高稠油油藏采收率,同时大幅降低含水率, 栲胶泡沫体系的伴注蒸汽驱开采方式可比单纯注入蒸汽提高采收率2 0%左右, 碱木素泡沫体系可提高1 1%。

关键词: 栲胶, 碱木素, 超稠油,  , 热采, 氮气泡沫