Abstract:

Ultrasonic amplitude-variation bar type reactor has been employed to probe the liaohe heavy oil ultrasonic cracking viscosity reduction. The effects on reaction temperature, processing time and ultrasonic power, to the viscosity reduction ratio, were investigated. In the experiment, ultrasonic processing parameter were optimized, the energy consuming of ultrasonic processing and viscosity reduction cracking was calculated and compared. the viscosity reduction effect (1 kg heavy oil in Liaohe)reached the optimum under the condition of high pressure(experimental pressure 8 MPa), ultrasonic power 1.5 kW, processing temperature 300 ℃ and processing time 20 min, where the viscosity reduction ratio of 1 kg heavy oil was 47.69%; the most important factor of viscosity reduction ratio was ultrasonic power; ultrasonic processing time and temperature took second place. Compared to viscosity reduction cracking technology, ultrasonic processing had the advantage of low power consuming, during processing the same samples, which provided effective method to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil with low energy consuming and high efficiency.

Key words: Ultrasonic, Heavy oil, Viscosity, Orthogonal test, Energy consumption

摘要： 用变幅杆式超声波反应器进行了辽河油田稠油超声裂解降黏实验研究。考察了超声波处理温度、处理时间及超声波功率对降黏率的影响,优化了超声波处理工艺参数,计算并比较了超声波处理过程与减黏裂化过程所消耗的能量。实验结果表明,在高压条件下(实验压力为8 MPa),1kg辽河稠油在超声波功率1.5 kW、超声波处理温度300℃及超声波处理时间20 min的条件下降黏效果最好,降黏率为47.69%;超声波功率对降黏率影响最大,其次为超声波处理时间和超声波处理温度;与减黏裂化技术过程相比,处理相同质量油样时超声波处理过程的能耗更低。研究结果可为稠油的低能耗、高效率的降黏方法提供有效途径。

关键词: 超声波, 稠油, 降黏, 正交试验, 能耗