Synthesis of Lithium Zinc Titanate Anodes by a Sol⁃Gel Method

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2024.01.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Li₂ZnTi₃O₈ (LZTO) anodes of lithium?ion batteries have been prepared by a sol?gel method. The effects of the calcination temperature and time on the electrochemical performance have been studied for LZTO in detailed. The optimum calcination temperature and time are 700 ℃ and 3 h, respectively. On the basis of the optimum preparation process, citric acid as the chelating agent has been introduced into the synthesis to modify LZTO. When the molar ratio of metal ions to citric acid is 2.00∶1.50, the obtained product is denoted as LZTO?2/1.50, which has small particle size, good dispersion, and then shows good electrochemical performance. The discharge specific capacity is 203.6 mA·h/g after 300 cycles at the current density of 0.5 A /g for LZTO?2/1.50.

Key words: Lithium zinc titanate, Sol?gel method, Citric acid, Electrochemical performance, Anode material

摘要：

以溶胶?凝胶法制备锂离子电池Li₂ZnTi₃O₈（LZTO）负极材料，考察退火温度和退火时间对LZTO电化学性能的影响，得到了最佳工艺条件：退火温度为700 ℃，退火时间为3 h。在最佳工艺条件下制备的LZTO中添加络合剂柠檬酸进行了改性。结果表明，当金属离子与柠檬酸的物质的量比为2.00∶1.50时，制备的样品LZTO?2/1.50颗粒小、分散均匀，表现出良好的电化学性能；当电流密度为0.5 A/g时，恒流充放电300次后放电比容量为203.6 mA·h/g。

关键词: 钛酸锌锂, 溶胶?凝胶法, 柠檬酸, 电化学性能, 负极材料

CLC Number:

TQ15

Lifu WANG, Huijia LU, Hang XU, Pengwei BAO, Yihang WAN, Rui XUN, Zhongxue ZHANG, Lijuan WANG. Synthesis of Lithium Zinc Titanate Anodes by a Sol⁃Gel Method[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2024, 44(1): 21-28.

王立福, 卢汇嘉, 许航, 包鹏伟, 万一行, 荀瑞, 张重学, 王利娟. 溶胶⁃凝胶法合成钛酸锌锂负极材料[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2024, 44(1): 21-28.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Cycling performance of LZTOanodes synthesized at different calcination temperatures

Fig.2 Cycling performance and coulombic efficiency of LZTOanode synthesized at 700 ℃ at 0.5 A/g

Fig.3 CV curves of LZTOanodes synthesized at different calcination temperatures for the first cycle

Fig.4 Cycling performance of LZTOanodes synthesized at different calcination times

Fig.5 Rate capability of LZTOanodes synthesized at different calcination times

Fig.6 EIS spectra before cycling for LZTOanodes synthesized at different calcination times

Fig.7 CV curves of LZTO anode sintering at 700 ℃ for 3 h

Fig.8 Cycling performance of LZTOanodes using different amount of citric acid substance

Table 1 Cycling performance of LZTO and other anodes with the similar structures to LZTO

材料	电流密度/（A·g^-1）	循环次数	放电比容量/（mA·h·g^-1）	文献
Li₂Mg_0.5Zn_0.5Ti₃O₈	0.1	100	220.0	[25]
Li₂Co_0.5Cu_0.5Ti₃O₈	0.1	50	98.0	[26]
Li₂MnTi₃O₈	0.1	50	215.2	[12]
f⁃LZTO	0.1	100	192.0	[27]
f⁃Li₂CoTi₃O₈	0.1	100	201.0	[27]
Li₂CoTi₃O₈纳米线	0.1	90	230.0	[28]
LZTO	0.1	100	168.5	[29]
LZTO	0.5	100	137.4	[30]
LZTO⁃2/1.50	0.1	100	233.6	本文
LZTO⁃2/1.50	0.5	300	200.0	本文

Fig.9 EIS spectra before cycling for LZTOanodes using different amount of citric acid substance

Fig.10 CV curves of LZTOanodes using different amount of citric acid substance at the 1st cycle

Table 2 Redox peak potential and potential difference of LZTOanodes using different amount of citric acid substance

样品

氧化峰

电势/V

还原峰

电势/V

Fig.11 XRD patterns of pristine LZTO and modified LZTO

Fig.12 SEM images at different magnification for P?LZTO and LZTO?2/1.50 samples

Fig.13 Particle size distribution of P?LZTO and LZTO?2/1.50 samples

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