Abstract: In order to explore the effect of different types of anionic⁃nonionic surfactants on the emulsification effect of heavy oil and obtain a reliable structure⁃activity relationship. In this paper, six monomeric anionic⁃nonionic surfactants C14E3C, C14E5C, C14E7C, C14E9C, C16E3C, C18E3C and two Gemini anionic⁃ nonionic surfactants OP4, OP15 were selected for a heavy oil block in Shengli Oilfield. By using a spinning drop interfacial tensiometer, stability analyzer, we investigated the effects of surfactant mass fraction, oil⁃water mass ratio, and polymer addition on oil⁃water interfacial tension, particle size and stability of crude oil emulsion. The results show that: the type of monomer has little effect on the stability of the emulsion with the increase of the oxyethylene (EO) group, and the growth of the alkyl chain can increase the stability of the emulsion to a small extent. For Gemini⁃type anionic⁃nonionic surfactants, the increase of the number of oxyethylene (EO) groups can increase the stability of the emulsion slightly. The monomer type has a smaller molecular size than the Gemini type, and the interfacial tension steady state value is generally low. At the same time, the addition of the polymer can increase the stability of the emulsion.

Key words: Anionic?nonionic surfactant, Heavy oil, Interfacial tension, Particle size, Stability

摘要： 为了探究不同类型阴⁃非离子表面活性剂对稠油乳化的影响，获得其构效关系，针对某油田某稠油区块原油，选择了6种单体型阴⁃非离子表面活性剂C14E3C、C14E5C、C14E7C、C14E9C、C16E3C、C18E3C，两种Gemini型阴⁃非离子表面活性剂OP4、OP15，利用旋转滴界面张力仪和稳定性分析仪，考察了表面活性剂质量分数、油水质量比以及聚合物对油水界面张力、原油乳状液粒径、稳定性等的影响规律。结果表明，单体型随着氧乙烯（EO）基团的增加，乳状液的稳定性变化不大，而烷基链的增长会小幅度增加乳状液的稳定性。对于Gemini型阴⁃非离子表面活性剂，EO基团个数的增加会小幅度增加乳状液的稳定性。单体型相较于Gemini型有较小的分子尺寸，界面张力稳态值普遍偏低。同时，聚合物的加入会提高乳状液的稳定性。

关键词: 阴?非离子表面活性剂, 　稠油, 　界面张力, 　粒径, 　稳定性