Abstract: In the process of foam flooding in heavy oil fields, the performance of single foaming agent is unstable. In view of this difficult problem, a new foaming agent system for foam flooding is designed in this paper. The foam synthesis index and temperature and salt resistance are taken as the evaluation indexes by Waring⁃Blender agitation method four kinds of foaming agents such as betaine, CTAB, SDBS and SDS were selected. The best foaming agents were betaine and CTAB. Through the experimental selection of different proportion of foaming single agent, the oil washing ability test and sand filling tube simulation experiment of CTAB and betaine system with 2∶1 ratio were carried out. The results show that the foaming agent system have good temperature and salt resistance and strong oil washing ability. In the sand⁃filled pipe simulation experiment, the two displacement modes of steam flooding plus foam flooding and steam foam alternating injection flooding are compared. The results show that the oil recovery can reach 60.7% by alternately injecting steam and foam fluid into the reservoir, which has certain reference value.

Key words: Heavy oil, Foam flooding, Surfactant, Oil displacement technology, Enhanced oil recovery

摘要： 稠油油田泡沫驱过程中，单一起泡剂性能不稳定，针对这一难点问题，设计了一种新型泡沫驱起泡剂体系。采用Waring⁃Blender搅拌法，以泡沫综合指数和耐温抗盐性能为评价指标，对初步筛选得到的甜菜碱、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）4种起泡剂进行优选，最优起泡单剂为甜菜碱、CTAB。将两种起泡单剂进行不同比例的筛选，最终优选出质量比2∶1的CTAB与甜菜碱体系，并对其进行洗油能力测试和填砂管模拟实验。结果表明，该起泡剂体系耐温抗盐性好，洗油能力强，并且在填砂管模拟实验中对蒸汽驱加泡沫驱与蒸汽泡沫交替注入驱两种驱替方式进行对比，发现将蒸汽和泡沫流体交替注入油藏的驱油方式得到的原油采收率可达60.7%，具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 稠油, 　泡沫驱, 　表面活性剂, 　驱油技术, 　提高采收率