Abstract: Oil leakage caused by failure accident of submarine pipeline can harm marine environment and affect oil transportation. For different water flow velocities and leakage directions in the case of halfburial pipe, a 2D leakage under water model was calculated by flow filed analysis software FLUENT. The simulation results show that water velocities and leakage angles would effect oil diffusion underwater directly|greater diffusion would occur when oil leakage go against stream with 45°|with larger water flow velocity, more time would be spent for oil floating upon seaair surface, and larger effects on oil diffusion caused by leakage direction would be enhanced. The conclusions of the present work could provide reasonable basis to oil leakage emergency underwater .

Key words: Pipeline under the ocean, Leakage, Water flow velocity, Leakage direction, Numerical simulation

摘要： 海底输油管道如果因失效而发生泄漏事故, 则不仅影响原油的正常输送, 而且泄漏的原油危害海洋
环境。针对半裸露海底管道的泄漏事故, 在海水流速、 泄漏方向不同的条件下, 利用流体分析软件F LUENT进行了
二维数值模拟。模拟结果表明, 海水流速和泄漏方向直接影响海底原油的扩散过程, 泄漏方向与海水的逆流方向成
4 5 ° 时, 泄漏的原油扩散很剧烈; 海水流速越大, 原油溢出海面所需时间越长; 泄漏方向对原油扩散的影响随海水流速
的增大而加强。模拟结果可为应对海底原油泄漏提供理论依据。

关键词: 海底输油管道, 泄漏, 海水流速, 泄漏方向, 数值模拟