Study on Low-Temperature Gathering and Transportation Characteristics of High-Water-Cut Crude Oil in Different Pipeline

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2024.03.006

Abstract

Abstract:

At present,most oil fields in China have entered the high water cut period,and the flow characteristics of produced fluid have changed, so it is possible to reduce the temperature of gathering and transportation.However,there are relatively few studies on the influence of pipeline materials on low-temperature gathering and transmission characteristics. Therefore, the characteristics of low-temperature gathering and transportation of high water content crude oil in steel pipe and fiberglass pipe are studied.The results show that the wellhead back pressure rises and the oil temperature at the end of pipeline drops slowly after the water content of the pipeline is reduced. The wellhead back pressure rises differently under different water content.When the water content is the same, the temperature of fiberglass pipe is lower than that of steel pipe, and the minimum water content of fiberglass pipe for low-temperature gathering and transportation is lower than that of steel pipe under the same condition.Based on the experimental data of viscosity wall temperature,the calculation models of different pipe materials are obtained,and the calculation results are accurate, which has a guiding significance for the feasibility judgment and safe operation management of the oil field in the high water cut period.

Key words: Oil-water pipe flow, Low temperature gathering and transportation, High water cut period, Field test

摘要：

目前，我国大部分油田已进入高含水期，采出液的流动特性发生变化，使降低集输温度成为可能。然而，关于管道材质对低温集输特性影响的研究相对较少。因此，利用现场实验装置对钢管与玻璃钢管中高含水原油低温集输特性进行了研究。结果表明，管线降低掺水量之后，井口回压上升，实验管道末点的油温缓慢下降；不同掺水量下井口回压上升过程不同，高掺水量下更容易实现低温集输；当掺水量相同时，玻璃钢管的黏壁温度低于钢管的黏壁温度，玻璃钢管低温集输的最低掺水量低于相同情况下钢管的掺水量。对黏壁温度实验数据进行拟合，得到了不同管材的黏壁温度计算模型，计算结果准确度较高，对高含水期油田实际生产中低温集输的可行性判断及其安全运行管理具有指导意义。

关键词: 油水管流, 低温集输, 高含水期, 现场实验

CLC Number:

TE832

Wenting YE, Jiangjiang ZHANG, Peiyang XU, Jiaxu MIAO, Mingzhang ZHUANG, Limin HE, Yuling LÜ, Donghai YANG. Study on Low-Temperature Gathering and Transportation Characteristics of High-Water-Cut Crude Oil in Different Pipeline[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2024, 44(3): 37-44.

叶文婷, 张江江, 徐沛扬, 苗嘉旭, 庄明璋, 何利民, 吕宇玲, 杨东海. 高含水原油在不同管材中的低温集输特性研究[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2024, 44(3): 37-44.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Basic physical properties of waxy crude oil in well A

凝点/℃	产液温度/℃	含水率/%	实验管道长度/m
40.0	35.0	80.60	368

Fig.1 Viscosity-temperature curve of waxy crude oil in well A

Fig.2 The process flow diagram of the low-temperature, low-throughput experiment

Fig.3 The curve of wellhead back pressure and terminal temperature of steel pipe with different water content

Fig.4 A schematic diagram of the accumulation of crude oil in a gathering pipeline and its dispersal by wellhead flow

Fig.5 The curve of wellhead back pressure and terminal temperature of fiberglass pipe with different water content

Table 2 Wall sticking occurrence temperature of different water content of steel pipe and fiberglass pipe

掺水量/ （m³·h^-1）	钢管黏壁温度/℃	玻璃钢管黏壁温度/℃
0.100	36.8	36.5
0.150	36.0	36.0
0.200	35.0	35.0
0.300	34.7	34.5

Table 3 Oil-water two-phase parameters of steel pipe and fiberglass pipe with different water content

管道类型	掺水量/（m³·h^-1）	油水总液量/（t·d^-1）	含水率/%	凝点/℃	黏度/（Pa·s）
钢管	0.100	12.0	85.52	40.0	1.160
	0.150	13.2	86.84	40.0	1.196
	0.200	14.4	87.93	40.0	1.378
	0.300	16.8	89.66	40.0	1.090
玻璃钢管	0.100	15.4	84.72	40.0	1.460
	0.150	16.6	85.82	40.0	0.970
	0.175	17.2	86.32	40.0	0.787
	0.200	17.8	86.78	40.0	0.906
	0.300	20.2	88.35	40.0	0.864

Table 4 Experimental and model calculation values of wall sticking occurrence temperature of steel pipe and fibergalss pipe

管道类型	掺水量/(m³·h^-1)	黏壁温度/℃
管道类型	掺水量/(m³·h^-1)	实验值	模型计算值
钢管	0.100	36.8	36.8
	0.150	36.0	36.1
	0.200	35.0	35.0
	0.300	34.7	34.7
玻璃钢管	0.100	36.5	36.4
	0.150	36.0	35.8
	0.175	35.5	35.5
	0.200	35.0	35.2
	0.300	34.5	34.0

References 30

1	ABUBAKAR A，AL-WAHAIBI Y，AL-WAHAIBI T，et al.Effect of low interfacial tension on flow patterns， pressure gradients and holdups of medium-viscosity oil/water flow in horizontal pipe［J］.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science，2015，68： 58-67.
2	ABUBAKAR A，AL-WAHAIBI Y，AL-WAHAIBI T，et al. Effect of pipe diameter on horizontal oil-water flow before and after addition of drag-reducing polymer part I： Flow patterns and pressure gradients［J］. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering，2017，153： 12-22.
3	AL-WAHAIBI T，AL-WAHAIBI Y，AL-AJMI A，et al.Experimental investigation on flow patterns and pressure gradient through two pipe diameters in horizontal oil-water flows［J］.Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering，2014，122： 266-273.
4	CUI Y， HUANG Q Y， ZHANG Y， et al. A new method for predicting wall sticking occurrence temperature of high water cut crude oil［J］. China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology，2020，22（2）：56-63.
5	吕杨，柴德民，李晓宇，等.界面特性与粘附对探究凝油粘壁机理的启示［J］.油气储运，2021，40（12）：1338-1348.
	LÜ Y，CHAI D M，LI X Y，et al. Enlightenment of interfacial behavior and adhesion for study on wall sticking mechanism of condensate oil［J］.Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation，2021，40（12）：1338-1348.
6	WANG Z H，LIU Y，LI J X，et al.Study on two-phase oil-water gelling deposition behavior in low-temperature transportation［J］.Energy & Fuels，2016，30（6）：4570-4582.
7	CHARLES M E. Water layer speeds heavy-crude flow［J］. Oil and Gas Journal，1961，8（4）：68-72.
8	ZHENG H M，HUANG Q Y，WANG C H，et al.Wall sticking of high water-cut，highly viscous and high gel-point crude oil transported at low temperatures［J］. China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology，2015，17（4）：20-29.
9	HU H L，JING J Q，VAHAJI S，et al.Investigation of the flow pattern transition behaviors of viscous oil-water flow in horizontal pipes［J］.Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research， 2020， 59（47）： 20892-20902.
10	LUO X M， LÜ G B， ZHANG W， et al. Flow structure and pressure gradient of extra heavy crude oil-water two-phase flow［J］.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science，2017， 82：174-181.
11	罗小明，吕国彬，何利民，等.特稠油-水两相流流型研究［J］. 工程热物理学报，2016，37（5）：1005-1010.
	LUO X M，LÜ G B， HE L M， et al. Characteristic study of flow pattern on extra heavy crude oil-water two phase flow［J］. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2016，37（5）：1005-1010.
12	吕勇明.外围油田单管不加热集输现场试验探讨［J］.石油石化节能，2011，1（4）：6-7.
	LÜ Y M.Exploration of on-site testing for single pipe unheated gathering and transportation in peripheral oil fields［J］.Energy Conservation in Petroleum & Petrochemical Industry， 2011，1（4）：6-7.
13	刘文臣，黄启玉，谢雁，等.高含水原油低温集输研究进展［J/OL］.化工进展：1-18（2023-12-19）［2023-12-20］. https：//doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1624.
	LIU W C，HUANG Q Y，XIE Y，et al.Research progress of low-temperature gathering and transportation of high water cut crude oil［J］. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress：1-18（2023-12-19）［2023-12-20］. https：//doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1624.
14	董燕，丁慎圆，王梓栋，等.油田特高含水油水混合物低温流动特性的室内研究［J］.油气田地面工程，2015，34（6）：20-22.
	DONG Y，DING S Y，WANG Z D，et al.Laboratory study on low-temperature flow characteristics of oil water mixtures with ultra-high water content in oilfields［J］.Oil-Gas field Surface Engineering，2015，34（6）：20-22.
15	刘晓燕，王德喜，韩国有，等.特高含水采油期安全混输温度界限试验研究［J］.石油学报，2005，26（3）：102-105.
	LIU X Y， WANG D X， HAN G Y， et al. Temperature limit for oil-gas-water mixed transportation in safety during oil production with special high water-cut［J］. Acta Petrolei Sinica， 2005， 26（3）： 102-105.
16	黄雪松，李思，朱宁宁，等.中原油田东濮老区高含水原油常温集输技术［J］.科学技术与工程，2021，21（16）：6681-6689.
	HUANG X S，LI S，ZHU N N，et al.Normal temperature gathering and transportation technology of high water-cut crude oil in dongpu oil region of zhongyuan oilfiled［J］. Science Technology and Engineering，2021，21（16）：6681-6689.
17	杨东海，李文洋，李金永，等.高含水期原油低温集输温度界限模型研究［J］.北京化工大学学报（自然科学版），2023，50（1）：29-37.
	YANG D H，LI W Y，LI J Y，et al.Temperature limit model of crude oil gathering and transportation at low temperature in a high water cut stage［J］.Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology（Natural Science Edition），2023，50（1）：29-37.
18	杨东海，鲁晓醒，刘书军，等. 高含水期高凝高黏原油低温集输特性［J］.油气储运，2022，41（3）：311-317.
	YANG D H，LU X X，LIU S J，et al.Characteristics of low-temperature gathering of crude oil with high pour point and high viscosity in high water-cut period［J］.Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation，2022，41（3）：311-317.
19	黑树楠，王坤，郑春星，等.含气高含水率原油低温集输温度确定方法研究［J］.辽宁石油化工大学学报，2023，43（1）：32-37.
	HEI S N，WANG K，ZHENG C X，et al.Research on determination method of low temperature gathering and transportation temperature of dissolved gas crude oil with high water cut［J］.Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University，2023，43（1）： 32-37.
20	张富强，王坤，高丽娟，等.玻璃钢管壁/原油界面特性对高含水原油低温集输的影响［J］.辽宁石油化工大学学报，2023，43（2）：42-46.
	ZHANG F Q，WANG K，GAO L J，et al.Effect of interface characteristics of FRP pipe wall/crude oil on low-temperature transportation of high water-cut crude oil［J］.Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University，2023，4（2）：42-46.
21	王业飞，吴寒超，丁名臣，等.析蜡不可逆性对低渗高凝油流动性及水驱效果的影响［J］.中国石油大学学报（自然科学版），2023，47（6）：80-86.
	WANG Y F，WU H C，DING M C，et al.Effect of wax precipitation irreversibility on flowability and water flooding for high pour point crude oil in low permeability reservoir［J］.Journal of China University of Petroleum（Edition of Natural Science），2023，47（6）：80-86.
22	侯春娟，蒋庆哲，宋昭峥，等.含聚合物油泥对原油稳定性及油品性质的影响［J］.中国石油大学学报（自然科学版），2015，39（2）：137-141.
	HOU C J，JIANG Q Z，SONG Z Z，et al.Effect of polymer-containing oil sludge on stability and properties of crude oil［J］.Journal of China University of Petroleum （Edition of Natural Science），2015，39（2）：137-141.
23	徐沛扬，何利民，杨东海，等.油水管流低温集输工艺的壅堵模式分析［J］.工程热物理学报，2022，43（11）：2986-2993.
	XU P Y，HE L M，YANG D H，et al.Blocking mode of low temperature gathering and transportation process in oil-water pipe flow［J］. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2022，43（11）：2986-2993.
24	LYU Y，HUANG Q Y，LI R B，et al.Effect of temperature on wall sticking of heavy oil in low-temperature transportation［J］. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering，2021，206：108944.
25	鲁晓醒，檀为建，胡雄翼，等.高含水期原油低温集输黏壁特性实验［J］.油气储运，2019，38（11）：1245-1250.
	LU X X，TAN W J， HU X Y， et al. Experiment on wall sticking characteristics during the low temperature gathering and transportation of crude oil in the period of high water cut［J］.Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation，2019，38（11）：1245-1250.
26	郑海敏.水合物在油-气-水-蜡多相体系中诱导与生长过程研究［D］.北京：中国石油大学（北京），2018.
27	田东恩.西区油田高含水期原油粘壁规律研究［J］.科学技术与工程，2015，15（9）：176-179.
	TIAN D E.Study on the wall sticking law of crude oil in high water cut period of Xiqu oil field［J］.Science Technology and Engineering，2015，15（9）：176-179.
28	CHEN Y，JING J Q， KARIMOV R， et al.Experimental investigation on flow patterns and pressure gradients of shale oil-water flow in a horizontal pipe［J］. International Journal of Multiphase Flow，2024，176：104839-104848.
29	GARMROODI M R D， AHMADPOUR A. A numerical study on two-phase core-annular flows of waxy crude oil/water in inclined pipes［J］. Chemical Engineering Research and Design，2020，159：362-376.
30	XU P Y， HE L M， YANG D H， et al. Blocking characteristics of high water-cut crude oil in low-temperature gathering and transportation pipeline［J］. Chemical Engineering Research and Design，2021，173：224-233.

[1]	Shu'nan Hei, Kun Wang, Chunxing Zheng, Jiancheng Miao, Qiyu Huang. Research on Determination Method of Low Temperature Gathering and Transportation Temperature of Dissolved Gas Crude Oil with High Water Cut [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2023, 43(1): 32-37.
[2]	Zhao Xuliang， Liu Yongli， Gong Junmin. Development and Test of Dissovable Bridge Plug for Staged Fracturing [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2021, 41(3): 57-61.
[3]	Li Jinman，Huo Hongbo，Hu Yong，Zhang Lei，Li Jinze. New Research Method for Residual Oil in Strong Heterogeneous Reservoirs at Extra Ultra⁃High Water Cut Stage [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2019, 39(6): 43-47.
[4]	Ding Shuaiwei, Jiang Hanqiao, Xi Yi, Li Junjian. The Micro Mechanical Cause and Pore Selection Mechanism of Remaining Oil at Ultra-High Water Cut Period [J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2018, 38(1): 45-49.