Abstract: 2⁃tert⁃butyl⁃p⁃cresol (2⁃TBC) was synthesized by alkylation of p⁃cresol with tert⁃butanol under microwave irradiation using HY with different n(Si)/n(Al) as catalyst. The effects of microwave irradiation time and power, reaction temperature, molar ratio of raw materials and kinds of solvents on the reaction were investigated using xylene as solvent. The results show that the conversion of p⁃cresol is increased about three times when HY zeolite with 5.4 n(Si)/n(Al) as catalyst, the molar ratio of raw material is n(tert⁃butanol)/n(p⁃cresol)=1.3, the microwave radiation power is 700 W, the microwave radiation heating time is only 1/8 of the oil bath heating time, the highest conversion of p⁃cresol was 72.91%; the yield of target product 2⁃TBC was 68.08%, and the selectivity was 93.32%; by⁃products are etherification product p⁃toluene tert⁃butyl ether (TBPE) and dialkylation product 2,6⁃di⁃tert⁃butyl p⁃cresol (2,6⁃DTBC)

Key words: 2?tert?Butyl p?cresol, tert?Butanol, p?Cresol, HY zeolite, Friedel?Crafts alkylation, Microwave irradiation heating

摘要： 以对甲酚为原料，以不同硅铝物质的量比的HY为催化剂，在微波辐射条件下与叔丁醇进行烷基化反应合成2⁃叔丁基对甲酚（2⁃TBC）。以二甲苯为溶剂，考察微波辐射时间和功率、反应温度、原料物质的量比、溶剂种类等工艺参数对反应的影响。结果表明，以硅铝物质的量比为5.4的HY沸石为催化剂，n（叔丁醇）/n（对甲酚）=1.3，微波辐射功率为700 W，在140 ℃下微波反应40 min，微波辐射加热时间只需油浴加热反应时间的1/8，而对甲酚转化率提高3倍左右，对甲酚转化率最高可达72.91%；目标产品2⁃TBC产率可达68.08%，选择性达到93.32%；副产物为醚化产物对甲基苯叔丁基醚（TBPE）和二烷基化产物2,6⁃二叔丁基对甲酚（2,6⁃DTBC）

关键词: 2?叔丁基对甲酚, 叔丁醇, 对甲酚, HY沸石, 傅?克烷基化, 微波辐射加热