Abstract:

Biomass carbon aerogels with high specific surface area derived from sweet potato were prepared by freeze?drying and alkali activation processes. Sweet potato carbon aerogels (SPCA) and activated sweet potato carbon aerogels (ASPCA) with different morphologies and features were prepared by changing carbonization temperature and activation method. The prepared biomass carbon aerogels were characterized and analyzed by SEM, XRD, low temperature nitrogen absorption/desorption test and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that with the increasing of carbonization temperature, the pores increased, furthermore, alkali activation has a great promotion effect on the formation of pores on ASPCA. The prepared biomass carbon aerogel has good adsorption performance, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Rhodamine B (RdB), methyl orange (MO) and alizarin red (ARS) in deionized water is 202.2 mg/g, 83.6 mg/g and 160.2 mg/g, respectively.

Key words: Biomass, Carbon aerogels, One?step activation, Organic dye absorption

摘要：

以红薯为原料，通过冷冻干燥、碱活化的方式制备出具有高比表面积的生物质碳气凝胶。通过更改碳化温度与活化方式制备出形貌不同的红薯生物质碳气凝胶（SPCA）和活化红薯生物质碳气凝胶（ASPCA）。利用SEM、XRD、BET低温氮气吸附?脱附与Raman光谱，对制得的生物质碳气凝胶进行表征与分析。结果表明，随着碳化温度升高，所形成的孔洞增加，碱活化对ASPCA的孔洞形成具有极大的促进作用。所制得的生物质碳气凝胶具有良好的吸附性能，在去离子水中最佳吸附条件下，对罗丹明B（RdB）的吸附量为202.2 mg/g，对甲基橙（MO）的吸附量为83.6 mg/g，对茜素红（ARS）的吸附量为160.2 mg/g。

关键词: 生物质, 碳气凝胶, 一步活化法, 染料吸附