Study on the Corrosion Resistance of Amorphous NiP⁃WC Composite Coating

doi:10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2025.01.012

Abstract

Abstract:

An amorphous NiP?WC composite coating was prepared on a copper substrate by chemical plating. The corrosion resistance of the coating was studied in a NaCl solution with a mass fraction of 3.5% and a 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution. The surface morphology, composition, and microstructure of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, and X?ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the coating was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy. The results show that in a NaCl solution with a mass fraction of 3.5%, the self corrosion potential of NiP?WC coating shifted approximately 111 mV higher as compared to amorphous NiP coating, resulting in a decrease of approximately 68.8% in self corrosion current density and an increase of approximately 6.7 times in charge transfer resistance. Soaking in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, the corrosion rate of NiP?WC coating decreased by about an order of magnitude compared to NiP coating, indicating that uniformly distributed WC particles can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of amorphous NiP.

Key words: Chemical plating, WC powder, Corrosion resistance, Soak

摘要：

采用化学镀的方法，在紫铜基体上制备非晶NiP?WC（碳化钨）复合镀层，研究了镀层在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液以及浓度为1 mol/L的盐酸溶液中的耐蚀性；利用扫描式电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）EDS、X射线衍射仪（XRD），对镀层的表面形貌、成分及微观结构进行了表征；采用动电位极化和阻抗谱对镀层的耐蚀性进行了分析。结果表明，在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中，NiP?WC镀层的自腐蚀电位较非晶NiP镀层正移约111 mV，自腐蚀电流密度减小约68.8%，电荷转移电阻提高约6.7倍；在浓度为1 mol/L的盐酸溶液中浸泡，NiP?WC镀层较NiP镀层的腐蚀速率下降约1个数量级，表明均匀分布的WC粒子可以显著提高非晶NiP的耐蚀性。

关键词: 化学镀, WC粉末, 耐蚀性, 浸泡

CLC Number:

TQ153.1

Xinfu ZHANG, Bo HE, Liang ZHOU, Yong HE, Li NI, Mingbin SU, Wei LIU, Ji CHEN. Study on the Corrosion Resistance of Amorphous NiP⁃WC Composite Coating[J]. Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University, 2025, 45(1): 90-96.

张新富, 何波, 周亮, 贺勇, 倪黎, 苏铭滨, 刘伟, 陈吉. 非晶NiP⁃WC复合镀层的耐蚀性研究[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2025, 45(1): 90-96.

Figures/Tables 14

Table 1 Composition of chemical plating solution

化学镀液	ρ(NiP)/(g·L^－1)	ρ(NiP⁃WC)/(g·L^－1)
Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O	40	40
NiSO₄·6H₂O	35	35
NaH₂PO₂·H₂O	35	35
CH₃COONa	20	20
WC	—	2

Table 2 Application conditions of chemical plating solution

施镀条件	数值
施镀条件	NiP	NiP⁃WC
沉积温度/℃	80～85	80～85
搅拌速率/(r·min^－1)	200～300	200～300
施镀时间/min	120	120
pH	5.5～6.0	5.5～6.0

Fig.1 Particle size distribution and morphology of WC powder

Fig.2 Cross sections and surface SEM images of NiP and NiP?WC coatings

Fig.3 Energy spectrum analysis of NiP?WC coating

Fig.4 XRD spectra of NiP and NiP?WC coatings

Fig.5 Nyquist and Porter plots of NiP and NiP?WC coatings in a 3.5% mass fraction NaCl solution

Fig.6 Equivalent circuit for impedance spectrum fitting

Table 2 Equivalent Circuit Fitting Results

镀层

溶液电阻/

(Ω·cm²)

钝化膜双电层电容/

(Ω^-1·cm^-2·s ⁿ )

镀层电阻/

(Ω·cm²)

电极表面双电层电容/

(Ω^-1·cm^-2·s)

电荷转移电阻/

(Ω·cm²)

Fig.7 Dynamic polarization curves of NiP and NiP?WC coatings in a 3.5% mass fraction NaCl solution

Table 3 Fitting parameters of electrokinetic polarization curves for NiP and NiP?WC coatings in a 3.5% mass fraction NaCl solution

镀层	E_corr/V	J_corr/（A∙cm^－2）	$I E$ /%
NiP	－0.356	5.681×10^-6	33.1
NiP⁃WC	－0.245	1.774×10^-6	79.1

Table 3 Fitting parameters of electrokinetic polarization curves for NiP and NiP?WC coatings in a 3.5% mass fraction NaCl solution

镀层	E_corr/V	J_corr/（A∙cm^－2）	$I E$ /%
NiP	－0.356	5.681×10^-6	33.1
NiP⁃WC	－0.245	1.774×10^-6	79.1

Fig.8 Corrosion weight loss curves of NiP and NiP?WC coatings in HCl solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L

Fig.9 Corrosion rate curves of NiP and NiP?WC coatings in HCl solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L

Fig.10 Comparison of appearance of NiP and NiP?WC coatings before and after immersion experiments

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